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ASTM D6751-20a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels

Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers biodiesel fuel blend stock, B100, in Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels. This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The requirements stated here may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. The biodiesel specified shall be mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and animal fats. The product shall undergo chemical analysis for flash point, methanol, water and sediment, kinematic viscosity, sulfated ash, oxidation stability, sulfur, copper strip corrosion, cetane number, cloud point, acid number, carbon residue, total and free glycerin, phosphorus, reduce pressure distillation temperature, atmospheric equivalent temperature, combined calcium and magnesium, and combined sodium and magnesium.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four grades of biodiesel (B100) for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels. These grades are described as follows:  
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-B S15—A special purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications which can be sensitive to the presence of partially reacted glycerides, including those applications requiring good low temperature operability, and also requiring a fuel blend component with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum).  
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-B S500—A special purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications which can be sensitive to the presence of partially reacted glycerides, including those applications requiring good low temperature operability, and also requiring a fuel blend component with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum).  
1.1.3 Grade No. 2-B S15—A general purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications that require a fuel blend component with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum).  
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-B S500—A general purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications that require a fuel blend component with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum).  
1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specification requirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.  
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
Note 1: The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may be blended. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2020
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.E0 - Burner, Diesel and Non-Aviation Gas Turbine Fuels
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D6751-20a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate FuelsASTM D6751-20a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
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ASTM D6751-20a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
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REDLINE ASTM D6751-20a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate FuelsREDLINE ASTM D6751-20a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6751 − 20a
Standard Specification for
Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate
1
Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This specification covers four grades of biodiesel
standard.
(B100) for use as a blend component with middle distillate
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
fuels. These grades are described as follows:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-B S15—A special purpose biodiesel
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applica-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tions which can be sensitive to the presence of partially reacted
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
glycerides, including those applications requiring good low
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
temperature operability, and also requiring a fuel blend com-
ponent with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum).
2. Referenced Documents
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-B S500—A special purpose biodiesel
2
blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applica-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tions which can be sensitive to the presence of partially reacted
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
glycerides, including those applications requiring good low
Closed Cup Tester
temperature operability, and also requiring a fuel blend com-
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
ponent with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum).
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
1.1.3 Grade No. 2-B S15—A general purpose biodiesel
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petro-
blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applica-
leum Products
tions that require a fuel blend component with 15 ppm sulfur
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
(maximum).
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-B S500—A general purpose biodiesel
ity)
blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applica-
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
tions that require a fuel blend component with 500 ppm sulfur
Petroleum Products
(maximum).
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of
by Potentiometric Titration
diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specification
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
requirements may be applied at other points in the production
and Additives
and distribution system when provided by agreement between
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
the purchaser and the supplier.
Indicator Titration
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more
D976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate
restrictive.
Fuels
NOTE 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may
Reduced Pressure
be blended. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel and Non-Aviation Gas Turbine Fuels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999 as PS 121 – 99. Adopted as a standard in 2002 as D6751 – 02. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D6751 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D6751-20A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6751 − 20a
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6751 − 20 D6751 − 20a
Standard Specification for
Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate
1
Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers four grades of biodiesel (B100) for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels. These
grades are described as follows:
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-B S15—A special purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications which can
be sensitive to the presence of partially reacted glycerides, including those applications requiring good low temperature operability,
and also requiring a fuel blend component with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum).
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-B S500—A special purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications which
can be sensitive to the presence of partially reacted glycerides, including those applications requiring good low temperature
operability, and also requiring a fuel blend component with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum).
1.1.3 Grade No. 2-B S15—A general purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications that
require a fuel blend component with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum).
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-B S500—A general purpose biodiesel blendstock intended for use in middle distillate fuel applications that
require a fuel blend component with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum).
1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specification
requirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the
purchaser and the supplier.
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
NOTE 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may be blended.
For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Diesel and Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Turbine Fuels.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020Aug. 1, 2020. Published February 2020October 2020. Originally approved in 1999 as PS 121 – 99. Adopted as a standard in 2002
as D6751 – 02. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as D6751 – 19.D6751 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D6751-20.10.1520/D6751-20A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6751 − 20a
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1796 Test Me
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7398-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of FAMES provides an insight into the composition of product related to the transesterification process. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Biodiesel (FAMES) exhibits a boiling point rather than a distillation curve. The fatty acid chains in the raw oils and fats from which biodiesel is produced are mainly comprised of straight chain hydrocarbons with 16 to 18 carbons that have similar boiling temperatures. The atmospheric boiling point of biodiesel generally ranges from 330 °C to 357 °C. The Specification D6751 value of 360 °C max at 90 % off by Test Method D1160 was incorporated as a precaution to ensure the fuel has not been adulterated with high boiling contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). This test method is applicable to FAMES (biodiesel, B100) having an initial boiling point greater than 100 °C and a final boiling point less than 615 °C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method.  
1.2 The test method can also be applicable to blends of diesel and biodiesel (B1 through B100), however precision for these samples types has not been evaluated.  
1.3 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils).  
1.4 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillation such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160, especially the initial and final boiling points.  
1.5 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. See Test Methods D2887, D6352, and D7213.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7484-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.  
5.2 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, shall be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.  
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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