ASTM D5327-97(2021)e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Subject to the limitations listed in 1.3, this practice can be used as a research tool to optimize spray equipment and paint formulations, as well as to study the relative effect on transfer efficiency of changing operating variables, spray application equipment, type of coatings, etc.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation and comparison of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general laboratory conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the application process, expressed as a percent. This practice can be used to study the effect on transfer efficiency of changing operating variables and paint formulations. Key variables that need to be controlled are listed in 8.13.
Note 1: It is important that all process or formulation parameters, except that which is intentionally being changed, be kept consistent from test to test. If not done, the results of the study are to be questioned.
1.2 The reproducibility of this practice is highly dependent on the degree of control of the parameters listed in Section 8 of the practice.
1.3 Limitations—This laboratory practice indicates only the direction of the effect of operating variables and liquid paint formulations on transfer efficiency under conditions of the laboratory test: the magnitude of the effect can be determined only with specific plant experience. In fact, the nature of the critical parameters that affect transfer efficiency makes clear that it is not possible to extrapolate laboratory results.
Note 2: The laboratory practice outlined involves general laboratory spray equipment and procedures and is derived from Test Method D5009. This practice and Test Method D5009 are both derived from a study and report of transfer efficiency measurements conducted for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. For laboratories that have access to a conveyor and mass flow measurement equipment, a suitable, potentially more reproducible, tested method is defined in Test Method D5009.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 7, 8.10.10.5, and 8.13.1.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D5327 − 97 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Practice for
Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray
Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5327; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made to 1.5, 8.10.10.5, and 8.13.1 in June 2021.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation and comparison of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general
For specific hazard statements see Section 7, 8.10.10.5, and
laboratory conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint
8.13.1.
solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
application process, expressed as a percent. This practice can
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
be used to study the effect on transfer efficiency of changing
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
operating variables and paint formulations. Key variables that
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
need to be controlled are listed in 8.13.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
NOTE 1—It is important that all process or formulation parameters,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
except that which is intentionally being changed, be kept consistent from
test to test. If not done, the results of the study are to be questioned.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The reproducibility of this practice is highly dependent 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
on the degree of control of the parameters listed in Section 8 of
D1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
the practice.
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
1.3 Limitations—This laboratory practice indicates only the
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
direction of the effect of operating variables and liquid paint Pigmented Coatings
formulations on transfer efficiency under conditions of the
D5009 Test Method for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer
laboratory test: the magnitude of the effect can be determined
Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under Laboratory
only with specific plant experience. In fact, the nature of the
Conditions
critical parameters that affect transfer efficiency makes clear
2.2 Other Standards:
that it is not possible to extrapolate laboratory results.
NFPA33 SprayApplication Using Flammable and Combus-
tible Materials
NOTE 2—The laboratory practice outlined involves general laboratory
NFPA 86 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces
spray equipment and procedures and is derived from Test Method D5009.
This practice and Test Method D5009 are both derived from a study and
3. Terminology
report of transfer efficiency measurements conducted for the U.S. Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency. For laboratories that have access to a
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conveyor and mass flow measurement equipment, a suitable, potentially
3.1.1 fluid mass flow rate, n—the mass flow rate of paint in
more reproducible, tested method is defined in Test Method D5009.
grams per minute during the test.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.2 mass of foil, n—the weight of each target foil in grams
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
before being painted.
only.
3.1.3 mass of foil plus paint solids, n—the weight of each
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
target foil in grams after being painted and baked.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5327 – 97 (2013). Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
DOI: 10.1520/D5327-97R21E01. Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5327 − 97 (2021)
3.1.4 mass of paint solids, n—the difference in the mass of 6.7 Curing Rack.
the foil before painting and the mass of the foil after painting
6.8 Stopwatch.
and baking. The sum of the mass of the foil plus paint solids
6.9 Air Velocity Measurement Equipment.
less the sum of the mass of the foil.
6.10 Humidity and Temperature Measurement Equipment.
3.1.5 transfer effıciency, n—theratioofthemassofthepaint
solids deposited on the foil to the mass of the paint solids
6.11 Compressed Air Supply.
sprayed during the test, expressed as a percent.
6.12 Spray Gun.
3.1.6 weight percent solids, n—the solids content as percent
NOTE 6—The spray gun can be attached to a spray machine or hand
of the total weight of a sample of the paint used during the test.
held. Needless to say, operator variation with a hand held spray gun can
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Weight percent solids are determined
mask the effect of changes in the variable being studied.
as specified in 8.4.2.
7. Hazards
4. Summary of Practice
7.1 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult
4.1 Metal panels covered with preweighed aluminum foil
the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for the
are coated in a spray booth. The coated foils are baked to
materials used.
remove volatile matter. The transfer efficiency is calculated on
8. Procedure
a weight percent basis using the solids content, quantity of
paint sprayed, and the amount of solids on the coated alumi-
8.1 Setupthepaintsupplyequipmenttothesprayapparatus
num foil.
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
8.1.1 Ground all electrically conductive objects in the spray
5. Significance and Use
area, except those objects required by the process to be at high
5.1 Subject to the limitations listed in 1.3, this practice can
voltage in accordance with Chapter 9.11 of NFPA 33.
be used as a research tool to optimize spray equipment and
8.2 Agitate the test paint in a closed container at least 30
paint formulations, as well as to study the relative effect on
min before paint samples are taken.
transfer efficiency of changing operating variables, spray
8.3 Using an airtight container, take a paint grab sample
application equipment, type of coatings, etc.
from the paint pot in accordance with Practice D3925.
6. Apparatus
8.4 Determine and record the following from the paint
6.1 Laboratory Scale, accurate to 60.001 g.
sample:
8.4.1 Paint viscosity in accordance with Test Method
6.2 Platform Scale, accurate to 60.01 g.
D1200,
6.3 Targets, should consist of a minimum of three steel
8.4.2 Weight Percent Solids—The preferred method is Test
panels, two scavengers and a target panel. If more than one
Method D2369. If the baking temperature in Test Method
target panel is used, a scavenger panel is to be used at the start
D2369 is considered inadequate for complete cure, use the
and end of the test panel set. The steel panels are 15.2 by
manufacturer’s recommended cure schedule. Make sure that
0.15875 cm wide (6 by 0.0625 in.) with 0.635 cm (0.25 in.)
the cure schedule used is agreed upon and recorded, and
radius corners.The length of the panel should be sufficient that
8.4.3 Electrical resistivity for samples being applied elec-
a minimum of 30.4 cm (12 in.) above and below the spray
trostatically.
pattern is achieved.
8.5 Cut the aluminum foil to dimensions of 58 by 5 cm (15
NOTE 3—It is essential to effectively capture the entire height of the
by approximately 2 in.) longer than the length of the target
spray pattern.
panel.
NOTE 4—Other panel sizes similar to those in the end use can be used.
Differen
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