ASTM D3744/D3744M-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Aggregate Durability Index
Standard Test Method for Aggregate Durability Index
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method assigns an empirical value to the relative amount, fineness, and character of clay-like material that may be generated in an aggregate when subjected to mechanical degradation.
The procedure has been used in limited geographical areas of the United States and the results have been correlated with aggregate performance in various construction applications, including: aggregate base, permeable material for backfill, fine concrete aggregate, and riprap for rock slope protection. ,
A minimum durability index is permitted to be specified to prohibit the use of an aggregate in various construction applications that is prone to degradation, resulting in generation of clay-like fines.
This test method provides a rapid test for evaluation of the quality of a new aggregate source. Research has indicated it may also be suitable for use instead of the sodium sulfate soundness test for evaluating the durability characteristics of fine aggregate for use in portland-cement concrete, thereby reducing the need for time-consuming and expensive soundness tests.
Although the application of this method has been limited to aggregates for specific construction uses, the possibility exists for expanding the application of this method to control the quality of aggregates used in other areas of construction, such as aggregates for use in bituminous paving mixtures, coarse aggregate for use in portland-cement concrete, and aggregate for use as railroad ballast.
Note 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of a durability index of an aggregate. The calculated durability index is a value indicating the relative resistance of an aggregate to production of detrimental clay-like fines when subjected to the prescribed mechanical methods of degradation.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Measurements of volume and mass are only given in SI units because they are the only units typically used in practice when performing this test method.
1.2.2 Measurements in Section 11, Section 15, Equation 3, Equation 4, Table 1, and Figure 2 are only given in inch-pound units because the equipment used in these sections is only manufactured using the inch-pound system.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3744/D3744M – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Aggregate Durability Index
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3744/D3744M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and
Fine Aggregate
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofadurability
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements forAgen-
index of an aggregate. The calculated durability index is a
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
value indicating the relative resistance of an aggregate to
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
production of detrimental clay-like fines when subjected to the
Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
prescribed mechanical methods of degradation.
Construction Materials Testing
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
Sieves
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
3. Summary of Test Method
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
3.1 This test method was developed to permit prequalifica-
conformance with the standard.
tion of aggregates proposed for use in the construction of
1.2.1 Measurements of volume and mass are only given in
transportation facilities. Basically, the test establishes an ag-
SI units because they are the only units typically used in
gregate’s resistance to generating fines when agitated in the
practice when performing this test method.
presence of water. Separate and different test procedures are
1.2.2 Measurements in Section 11, Section 15, Equation 3,
used to evaluate the coarse and the fine portions of a material.
Equation 4, Table 1, and Figure 2 are only given in inch-pound
3.2 A sample of coarse aggregate is prepared to a specific
units because the equipment used in these sections is only
grading and then washed in a mechanical washing vessel for a
manufactured using the inch-pound system.
2-min agitation time.After discarding the minus 4.75-mm (No.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4) material, dry the washed test sample.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3 The coarse aggregate test sample is then agitated in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mechanical washing vessel for a period of 10 min.Arepresen-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tative portion of the resulting wash water and minus 75-µm
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(No. 200) size fines is collected and mixed with a stock
2. Referenced Documents calcium chloride solution and placed in a plastic cylinder.After
2
a 20-min sedimentation time, the level of the sediment column
2.1 ASTM Standards:
is read. The height of the sediment value is then used to
C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
calculate the durability index of the coarse aggregate (D ).
c
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
3.4 The fine aggregate sample is prepared by washing a
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
specific quantity of the material in the mechanical washing
Aggregates
vessel for a 2-min agitation period.All minus 75-µm (No. 200)
C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Test-
size material is washed from the sample through a 75-µm (No.
ing Size
200) sieve and discarded. The plus 75-µm (No. 200) fraction is
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
dried.
3.5 The fine aggregate test sample is tested by the Standard
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
Sand Equivalent Test Method (Test Method D2419) except for
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 on
modifications to the test sample preparation and duration of the
Aggregate Tests.
shaking time. The mechanical shaker method is required. A
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2003 asD3744 – 03. DOI: 10.1520/
shaking time of 10 min instead of 45 s is used.
D3744_D3744_D3744M–11
3.6 This test method includes procedures for testing aggre-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
gates exhibiting a wide range in specific gravity, including
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
lightweight and porous coarse aggregates, and also procedures
Standards volume information, refer to the s
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.