ASTM D789-07e1

Standard Test Methods for Determination of Solution Viscosities of Polyamide (PA)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are intended for use as control and acceptance tests. They are also applicable in the partial evaluation of materials for specific end uses and as a means for detecting changes in materials due to specific deteriorating causes.
Since some materials require special treatment, refer to the ASTM test methods applicable to the material being tested. Classification System D4000 lists materials that would be applicable to the tests contained in these test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of solution viscosities as they apply to polyamide (PA).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—This standard and ISO 307 address the same subject, but the technical content is different.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2007
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D789-07 - Standard Test Methods for Determination of Solution Viscosities of Polyamide (PA)
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM D789-15 - Standard Test Methods for Determination of Solution Viscosities of Polyamide (PA)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015
• Referred By: ASTM F2785-21 - Standard Specification for Polyamide 12 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D5577-19 - Standard Guide for Techniques to Separate and Identify Contaminants in Recycled Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM F2945-18 - Standard Specification for Polyamide 11 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D6779-23 - Standard Classification System for and Basis of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D2857-22 - Standard Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM F3524/F3524M-23 - Standard Specification for Polyamide-12 (PA12) Line Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D4066-13(2019) - Standard Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extrusion Materials (PA)
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D2609-21 - Standard Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation: D789 − 07
StandardTest Methods for
1,2
Determination of Solution Viscosities of Polyamide (PA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D789; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Added research report information to Section 10 editorially in September 2010.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The definitions used in these test methods
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of solution
are in accordance with Terminology D883.
viscosities as they apply to polyamide (PA).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Significance and Use
standard.Thevaluesgiveninbracketsareforinformationonly.
4.1 These test methods are intended for use as control and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
acceptance tests. They are also applicable in the partial
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
evaluationofmaterialsforspecificendusesandasameansfor
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
detecting changes in materials due to specific deteriorating
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
causes.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Since some materials require special treatment, refer to
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO307 address the same subject, but the theASTMtestmethodsapplicabletothematerialbeingtested.
technical content is different.
Classification System D4000 lists materials that would be
applicable to the tests contained in these test methods.
2. Referenced Documents
4.3 The steps involved in running this method are:
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.3.1 Calibration of the viscometers,
D446Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass 4.3.2 Preparation of solutions,
Capillary Kinematic Viscometers 4.3.3 Determination of efflux time,
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics 4.3.4 Calculation of relative viscosity (which requires the
D4000Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi- following),
4.3.4.1 Determining the density of the polymer/formic acid
als
D6779Classification System for and Basis of Specification solution, and
4.3.4.2 Determining the absolute viscosity of the formic
for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
acid used.
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
4.4 Viscosity for groups 03, 04, and 05 (PA11, PA12, and
ISO307Determination of Viscosity Number of Polyamides
PA6,12) in Classification System D6779 shall be measured
in Dilute Solutions
using solvents other than formic acid. Relative viscosities for
ISO17025General Requirements for the Competence of
Groups 03 and 04 shall be measured using 0.5 g of polymer
Testing and Calibration Laboratories
dissolved in 99.5 g of m-cresol at 25.0 6 0.1°C in a
Cannon-Fenske No. 200 viscometer. Inherent viscosity of
Group 05 shall be measured using 0.5 g of polymer dissolved
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
in100mLofm-cresolat25.0 60.1°CinaCannon-FenskeNo.
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.15onThermoplasticMaterials
(Section D20.15.09). 200viscometer.Theinherentviscosityiscalculatedasfollows:
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally
ln~t /t !
s c
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D789-06a. DOI:
Inherent viscosity 5 (1)
10.1520/D0789-07E01. C
2
There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
3
where:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
t = average efflux time for sample solution,
s
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
t = average efflux time for solvent, and
c
the ASTM website.
4 C = concentration in g/100 mL
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D789 − 07
5. Test Specimen and/or mercury containing products into your state may be
prohibited by state law.)
5.1 Testspecimensforthevarioustestsshallconformtothe
9.2.1.3 Ubbelohde (Suspended Level)-type Viscometer),
requirements prescribed herein.
calibrated by an ISO17025-accredited laboratory or in accor-
dance with the procedure set out in 9.2.3 and manufactured
6. Number of Tests
from low-expansion borosilicate glass.
6.1 One determination shall be considered sufficient for
9.2.1.4 Ostwald-type Visc
...