ASTM D4898-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric Analysis
Standard Test Method for Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method indicates and measures the amount of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids. Minimizing the levels of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids is essential for the satisfactory performance and long life of the equipment. Insoluble contamination can not only plug filters but can damage functional system components resulting in wear and eventual system failure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analysis. The contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a membrane filter disk of pore diameter as required by applicable specifications (usually 0.45 μm or 0.80 μm).
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate contamination, the gravimetric method should be supplemented by occasional particle counts of typical samples in accordance with Test Method F312.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 6.1.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4898 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E319Practice for the Evaluation of Single-Pan Mechanical
Balances
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble
F302Practice for Field Sampling of Aerospace Fluids in
contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analysis. The
Containers
contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-
F303Practices for Sampling for Particles in Aerospace
like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a
Fluids and Components
membranefilterdiskofporediameterasrequiredbyapplicable
F312Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting
specifications (usually 0.45 µm or 0.80 µm).
Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate
F314Methods of Test for Identification of Metallic and
contamination, the gravimetric method should be supple-
Fibrous Contaminants in Aerospace Fluids (Withdrawn
3
mented by occasional particle counts of typical samples in
1990)
accordance with Test Method F312.
2.2 Military Standard:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
MIL-C-81302C Cleaning Compound Solvent Trichlorotrif-
4
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
luoroethane
standard.
3. Summary of Test Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 The insoluble contamination is determined by passing a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
givenquantityofafluidsamplethroughamembranefilterdisk
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and measuring the resultant increase in the mass of the filter.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
The fluid sample is drawn through the filter by a vacuum and
warning statement, see 6.1.
the insoluble contamination is collected on the surface of the
filter. In addition, the filter disk is microscopically scanned for
2. Referenced Documents
excessively large particles, fibers, or other unusual conditions.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
A555/A555MSpecification for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
4.1 This test method indicates and measures the amount of
D1836Specification for Commercial Hexanes
insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids. Minimizing the
D2021SpecificationforNeutralDetergent,40PercentAlky-
levels of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids is essen-
3
lbenzene Sulfonate Type (Withdrawn 2000)
tial for the satisfactory performance and long life of the
equipment. Insoluble contamination can not only plug filters
but can damage functional system components resulting in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
wear and eventual system failure.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally 5. Apparatus
approved in 1965. Test Method F313 was redesignated as D4898 in 1988. Last
ɛ1 5.1 Microbalance, accurate to 0.005 mg, and the zero shall
previous edition approved in 2010 as D4898–90 (2010) . DOI: 10.1520/D4898-
16. not drift more than 0.005 mg during the test period. The rated
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
accuracy shall be obtainable by personnel actually making the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
www.astm.org. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4898 − 16
weighings, under actual conditions of use and shall be verified 7. Sample
in accordance with Practice E
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D4898 − 90 (Reapproved 2010) D4898 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Updated withdrawn standards in Referenced Documents editorially in July 2011.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analyses.analysis.
The contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a
membrane filter disk of pore diameter as required by applicable specifications (usually 0.45 μm or 0.80 μm).
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate contamination, the gravimetric method should be supplemented by
occasional particle counts of typical samples in accordance with Test Method F312.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 6.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
D1836 Specification for Commercial Hexanes
3
D2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent, 40 Percent Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Type (Withdrawn 2000)
E319 Practice for the Evaluation of Single-Pan Mechanical Balances
F302 Practice for Field Sampling of Aerospace Fluids in Containers
F303 Practices for Sampling for Particles in Aerospace Fluids and Components
F312 Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
3
F314 Methods of Test for Identification of Metallic and Fibrous Contaminants in Aerospace Fluids (Withdrawn 1990)
2.2 Military Standard:
4
MIL-C-81302C Cleaning Compound Solvent Trichlorotrifluoroethane
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The insoluble contamination is determined by passing a given quantity of a fluid sample through a membrane filter disk and
measuring the resultant increase in the weightmass of the filter. The fluid sample is drawn through the filter by a vacuum and the
insoluble contamination is collected on the surface of the filter. In addition, the filter disk is microscopically scanned for
excessively large particles, fibers, or other unusual conditions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.N0.02D02.N0 on Industrial ApplicationsHydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2016. Published November 2010February 2016. Originally approved in 1965. Test Method F313 was redesignated as D4898
ɛ1
in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as D4898–90(2005).D4898 – 90 (2010) . DOI: 10.1520/D4898-90R10E01.10.1520/D4898-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4898 − 16
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method indicates and measures the amount of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids. Minimizing the levels
of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids is essential for the satisfactory performance and long life of the equipment. Insoluble
contamination can not only plug filte
...
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