ASTM D3450-15

Standard Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Interior architectural paints are often discolored by dirt and other soilant materials. This test method covers the relative ease and completeness of removal of a specific soilant from such a surface by scrubbing. The greater the ease of soil removal with a minimum of film erosion, the greater the useful service life is expected to be.  
5.2 Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily correlate with all types of soilants.  
5.3 Semigloss finishes generally require only the nonabrasive type cleaner for good soilant removal, whereas flat paints may require the abrasive type.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative ease of removing soilant discolorations from the dried film of an interior coating by washing with either an abrasive or nonabrasive cleaner.  
1.2 This test method is limited to coatings having a CIE-Y reflectance of 60 % or more, as measured in accordance with Test Method E1347.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2015
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.42 - Architectural Coatings

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3450 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.1 soilant, n—a discoloring substance that clings to the
surfaceofacoating,whosedispersedcolorcomponentisnotin
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftherelative
solution and therefore does not penetrate into the film.
ease of removing soilant discolorations from the dried film of
3.1.1.1 Discussion—soilant differs from stain in that the
an interior coating by washing with either an abrasive or
colorant of a stain is in solution and, therefore, can penetrate
nonabrasive cleaner.
into the film.
1.2 This test method is limited to coatings having a CIE-Y
reflectance of 60% or more, as measured in accordance with
4. Summary of Test Method
Test Method E1347.
4.1 The test material is applied to a black plastic panel and
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
allowed to dry for 7 days. The reflectance of the film is
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
measured (R ) and then a soilant consisting of carbon black
1
only.
dispersed in mineral oil is applied on the film. The panel is
placedonaglassplateinawashabilitymachineandthefilmis
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
washed with either an abrasive or nonabrasive scrub medium
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for100cycles.Thepanelisrinsedanddriedandthereflectance
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in the stained area is read (R ). The ratio of the reflectance,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 2
R /R , is a measure of the degree to which the soilant has been
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 1
removed.
2. Referenced Documents
2 5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Interior architectural paints are often discolored by dirt
D562Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring
KrebsUnit(KU)ViscosityUsingaStormer-TypeViscom- andothersoilantmaterials.Thistestmethodcoverstherelative
ease and completeness of removal of a specific soilant from
eter
D1193Specification for Reagent Water such a surface by scrubbing. The greater the ease of soil
removalwithaminimumoffilmerosion,thegreatertheuseful
D1210Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-
service life is expected to be.
Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage
E70Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
5.2 Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily
Glass Electrode
correlate with all types of soilants.
E1347Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
5.3 Semigloss finishes generally require only the nonabra-
surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
sive type cleaner for good soilant removal, whereas flat paints
may require the abrasive type.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Apparatus
3
6.1 Washability Tester, also referred to as a straight line
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
washability machine.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
6.1.1 Accessory Apparatus:
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
ε1
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3450–00(2010) .
3
DOI: 10.1520/D3450-15. ModelAG 8100 (replaced by BYK-Gardner model 5060) from BYK-Gardner,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Inc., Gardner Laboratory, 9104 Guilford Road, Columbia, MD 21046 and Model
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM “D”fromPaulN.GardnerCo.,Inc.,316N.E.FirstSt.,PompanoBeach,FL33060
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on were used originally in this test method. See RR:D01-1065. Straight-line washabil-
the ASTM website. ity testers may be adapted to meet the requirements of this method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3450 − 15
6.1.1.1 Glass Plate, measured to fit, 454 by 165 by 6.3 mm
grams
7 1 1
Mineral oil, USP heavy 60
(17 ⁄8 by 6 ⁄2 by ⁄4 in.).
Odorless mineral spirits 32
6.1.1.2 Stainless Steel Pan.
10,8
Carbon black 8
6.1.1.3 “C” Clamps.
100
6.1.1.4 Scale, standard.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3450 − 00 (Reapproved 2010) D3450 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report information to Section 11 editorially in September 2010.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative ease of removing soilant discolorations from the dried film of an
interior coating by washing with either an abrasive or nonabrasive cleaner.
1.2 This test method is limited to coatings having a CIE-Y reflectance of 60 % or more, as measured in accordance with Test
Method E1347.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 soilant, n—a discoloring substance that clings to the surface of a coating, whose dispersed color component is not in
solution and therefore does not penetrate into the film.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010June 1, 2015. Published July 2010June 2015. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
ε1
D3450 – 00 (2005).(2010) . DOI: 10.1520/D3450-00R10E01.10.1520/D3450-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
soilant differs from stain in that the colorant of a stain is in solution and, therefore, can penetrate into the film.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test material is applied to a black plastic panel and allowed to dry for 7 days. The reflectance of the film is measured
(R ) and then a soilant consisting of carbon black dispersed in mineral oil is applied on the film. The panel is placed on a glass
1
plate in a washability machine and the film is washed with either an abrasive or nonabrasive scrub medium for 100 cycles. The
panel is rinsed and dried and the reflectance in the stained area is read (R ). The ratio of the reflectance, R /R , is a measure of
2 2 1
the degree to which the soilant has been removed.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3450 − 15
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Interior architectural paints are often discolored by dirt and other soilant materials. This test method covers the relative ease
and completeness of removal of a specific soilant from such a surface by scrubbing. The greater the ease of soil removal with a
minimum of film erosion, the greater the useful service life is expected to be.
5.2 Results obtained by this test method do not necessarily correlate with all types of soilants.
5.3 Semigloss finishes generally require only the nonabrasive type cleaner for good soilant removal, whereas flat paints may
require the abrasive type.
6. Apparatus
3
6.1 Washability Tester, also referred to as a straight line washability machine.
6.1.1 Accessory Apparatus:
7 1 1
6.1.1.1 Glass Plate, measured to fit, 454 by 165 by 6.3 mm (17 ⁄8 by 6 ⁄
...