ASTM D4016-93

Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer (Laboratory Method)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of viscosity of catalysed chemical grouts with the Brookfield viscometer (laboratory method), over the range from 1.0 to 1000 cP (0.001 to 1 Pa[dot]s).  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1992
• ICS: 91.100.99 - Other construction materials
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.16 - Grouting

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4016-02 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer (Laboratory Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4016 – 93
Standard Test Method for
Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer
(Laboratory Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4016; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the determination of viscosity 5.1 Brookfield Viscometer—Any model whose lower limit
of catalysed chemical grouts with the Brookfield viscometer of effective measurement is less than the value of the sample.
(laboratory method), over the range from 1.0 to 1000 cP (0.001 Models LVF and LVT should be used for measurements above
to 1 Pa·s). 20 cP (20 mPa·s), and for measurements from 1 to 20 cP (1 to
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the 20 mPa·s) with the addition of a Model UL adapter. Models RV,
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the RT, HA, and HB may be used for measurements above 100 cP
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- (100 mPa·s).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 1—The UL adapter may be used for better accuracy in the 20 to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
100-cP (20 to 100-mPa·s) range also.
5.2 Griffın Beaker, 600-cm , low-form used as the container
2. Terminology
for the sample. Beaker material must not react with the grout.
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Glass beakers are not acceptable for silicates. Stainless steel
2.1.1 coeffıcient of viscosity—the ratio between the applied
beakers are acceptable for all materials.
shear stress and the rate of shear. This coefficient is a measure
5.3 Calibrated Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers, accurate to
of the resistance to flow of the liquid. It is commonly called the
61.0°F (0.5°C), or any other thermometric device of equal
viscosity of the liquid. The cgs unit of viscosity is 1 g/cm·s (1
2 accuracy.
dyn/s cm ) and is called a poise (P). Viscosities of thin liquids
are normally given in hundredths of a poise or centipoises (cP).
NOTE 2—Glass thermometers should not be used with silicates.
The SI unit of viscosity is 1 Pa·s (1 N·s/m ) and is equal to 10
5.4 Temperature-Control Bath, for work at other than am-
P, or 1000 cP.
bient temperature, and large enough to hold the sample
2.1.2 Newtonian liquid—a liquid in which the shear stress is
container. Any bath that will maintain its temperature within
proportional to the rate of shearing strain. This constant ratio is
61.0°F (0.5°C) during the test period is adequate.
the viscosity. Non-Newtonian behavior can be determined with
NOTE 3—Grout temperature must equal bath temperature at the start of
the Brookfield instrument by taking measurements at different
the test. Temperature rise due to chemical reaction does not invalidate the
spindle speeds.
test data.
3. Summary of Test Method
6. Sample Preparation
3.1 A rotating spindle is immersed in a container of cataly-
6.1 The temperature of the grout components at time of
sed chemical grout. An index to the viscosity is read directly on
testing shall be 68 6 1°F (20 6 0.5°C).
the instrument scale.
NOTE 4—Alternatively, three or more tests at various temperatures may
4. Significance and Use
be taken to define a viscosity versus temperature relationship. It is
desirable to have such tests span the anticipated ground temperature.
4.1 This test is intended for materials that will penetrate soil
voids and rock fissures. Viscosity alone is not necessarily an
6.2 Viscosity data should be taken on catalysed grout
exact index of grout penetrability. solution that contains all of the components normally used for
field application.
7. Procedure
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With
7.1 Prepare the grout components separately and bring them
Admixtures.
to the required temperature.
Current edition approved May 15, 1993. Published September 1993. Originally
published as D 4016 – 81. Last previous edition D 4016 – 81.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 4016
7.2 When not using the UL adapter attach the No. 1 spindle
0.5 to 6 200 to 1000
to the lower shaft.
7.5.1 Fo
...