ASTM D4016-02

Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer (Laboratory Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test is intended for materials that will penetrate soil voids and rock fissures. Viscosity alone is not necessarily an exact index of grout penetrability.
Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with of Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on mnay factors; of Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of viscosity of catalysed chemical grouts with the Brookfield viscometer (laboratory method), over the range from 1.0 to 1000 cP (0.001 to 1 Pa·s).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2002
• ICS: 91.100.99 - Other construction materials
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.15 - Stabilization With Admixtures

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4016-93 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer (Laboratory Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D4016-08 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer (Laboratory Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4016 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Viscosity of Chemical Grouts by Brookfield Viscometer
1
(Laboratory Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4016; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * the viscosity. Non-Newtonian behavior can be determined with
the Brookfield instrument by taking measurements at different
1.1 This test method covers the determination of viscosity
spindle speeds.
of catalysed chemical grouts with the Brookfield viscometer
(laboratory method), over the range from 1.0 to 1000 cP(0.001
4. Summary of Test Method
to 1 Pa·s).
4.1 A rotating spindle is immersed in a container of cataly-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sedchemicalgrout.Anindextotheviscosityisreaddirectlyon
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the instrument scale.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 This test is intended for materials that will penetrate soil
voids and rock fissures. Viscosity alone is not necessarily an
2. Referenced Documents
exact index of grout penetrability.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this test method is
2
Fluids dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the
suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are
2
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
cautionedthatcompliancewithofPracticeD 3740doesnotinitselfassure
reliable results. Reliable results depend on mnay factors; of Practice
3. Terminology
D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
3.1 For common definitions of terms used in this standard,
6. Apparatus
refer to Terminology D 653.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1 Brookfield Viscometer—Any model whose lower limit
3.2.1 coeffıcient of viscosity—the ratio between the applied
of effective measurement is less than the value of the sample.
shear stress and the rate of shear. This coefficient is a measure
Models LVF and LVT should be used for measurements above
of the resistance to flow of the liquid. It is commonly called the
20 cP (20 mPa·s), and for measurements from 1 to 20 cP (1 to
viscosity of the liquid. The cgs unit of viscosity is 1 g/cm·s (1
20mPa·s)withtheadditionofaModelULadapter.ModelsRV,
2
dyn/s cm ) and is called a poise (P). Viscosities of thin liquids
RT, HA, and HB may be used for measurements above 100 cP
are normally given in hundredths of a poise or centipoises (cP).
(100 mPa·s).
2
The SI unit of viscosity is 1 Pa·s (1 N·s/m ) and is equal to 10
NOTE 2—The UL adapter may be used for better accuracy in the 20 to
P, or 1000 cP.
100-cP (20 to 100-mPa·s) range also.
3.2.2 Newtonian liquid—aliquidinwhichtheshearstressis
3
6.2 Griffın Beaker, 600-cm , low-form used as the container
proportional to the rate of shearing strain.This constant ratio is
for the sample. Beaker material must not react with the grout.
Glass beakers are not acceptable for silicates. Stainless steel
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
beakers are acceptable for all materials.
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With
6.3 Calibrated Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers, accurate to
Admixtures.
61.0°F (0.5°C), or any other thermometric device of equal
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
published as D 4016 – 81. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition accuracy.
approved in 1993 as D 4016 – 93.
2
NOTE 3—Glass thermometers should not be used with silicates.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards Vol 04.08.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4016–02
6.4 Temperature-Control Bath, for work at other than am-
With Model ULAdapter
bient temperature, and large enough to hold the sample
rpm Range, cP or mPa·s
container. Any bath that will maintain its temperature within
50 to 100 0 to 10
61.0°F (0.5°C) during th
...