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ASTM E1610-02

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison

Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The guide is designed to assist the forensic paint examiner in selecting and organizing an analytical scheme for identifying and comparing paints and coatings. The size and condition of the sample(s) will influence the selected analytical scheme.
SCOPE
1.1 Forensic paint analyses and comparisons are typically distinguished by sample size that precludes the application of many standard industrial paint analysis procedures or protocols. The forensic paint examiner must address concerns such as the issues of a case or investigation, sample size, complexity and condition, environmental effects, and collection methods. These factors require that the forensic paint examiner choose test methods, sample preparation schemes, test sequence, and degree of sample alteration and consumption that are suitable to each specific case.
1.2 This guide is intended as an introduction to standard guides for forensic examination of paints and coatings. It is intended to assist individuals who conduct forensic paint analyses in their evaluation, selection, and application of tests that may be of value to their investigations. This guide describes methods to develop discriminatory information using an efficient and reasonable order of testing. The need for validated methods and quality assurance guidelines is also addressed. This document is not intended as a detailed methods description or rigid scheme for the analysis and comparison of paints, but as a guide to the strengths and limitations of each analytical method. The goal is to provide a consistent approach to forensic paint analysis.
1.3 Some of the methods discussed in this guide involve the use of dangerous chemicals, temperatures, and radiation sources. This guide does not purport to address the possible safety hazards or precautions associated with its application. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Nov-2002
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
E30 - Forensic Sciences
Drafting Committee
E30.01 - Criminalistics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1610-95(2001) - Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Replaced By
ASTM E1610-02(2008) - Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison
Effective Date
01-Apr-2008
Referred By
ASTM E3234-20 - Standard Practice for Forensic Paint Analysis Training Program
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM E3295-23 - Standard Guide for Using Micro X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-XRF) in Forensic Polymer Examinations
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM E2808-21a - Standard Guide for Microspectrophotometry in Forensic Paint Analysis
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM E1732-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM E2937-18 - Standard Guide for Using Infrared Spectroscopy in Forensic Paint Examinations
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM E3296-22 - Standard Guide for Using Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography and Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Polymer Examinations
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM E2809-22 - Standard Guide for Using Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) in Forensic Polymer Examinations
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002

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ASTM E1610-02 - Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and ComparisonASTM E1610-02 - Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison
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ASTM E1610-02 - Standard Guide for Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E1610–02
Standard Guide for
1
Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
2
1. Scope D 1535 Method for Specifying Color by Munsell System
E 308 Test Method for Computing the Colors of Objects by
1.1 Forensic paint analyses and comparisons are typically
2
Using the CIE System
distinguished by sample size that precludes the application of
E 1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
many standard industrial paint analysis procedures or proto-
3
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
cols. The forensic paint examiner must address concerns such
astheissuesofacaseorinvestigation,samplesize,complexity
3. Terminology
and condition, environmental effects, and collection methods.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide
These factors require that the forensic paint examiner choose
other than those listed in 3.2, see Terminology D 16.
test methods, sample preparation schemes, test sequence, and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
degree of sample alteration and consumption that are suitable
3.2.1 additive (modifier)—any substance added in a small
to each specific case.
quantity to improve properties. Additives may include sub-
1.2 This guide is intended as an introduction to standard
stances such as dryers, corrosion inhibitors, catalysts, ultravio-
guides for forensic examination of paints and coatings. It is
let absorbers, plasticizers, etc.
intended to assist individuals who conduct forensic paint
3.2.2 binder—a non-volatile portion of a paint which serves
analyses in their evaluation, selection, and application of tests
to bind or cement the pigment particles together.
that may be of value to their investigations. This guide
3.2.3 coating—a generic term for paint, lacquer, enamel, or
describesmethodstodevelopdiscriminatoryinformationusing
other liquid or liquifiable material which is converted to a
an efficient and reasonable order of testing. The need for
solid, protective and/or decorative film after application.
validated methods and quality assurance guidelines is also
3.2.4 discriminate—to distinguish between two samples
addressed.Thisdocumentisnotintendedasadetailedmethods
based on significant differences; to differentiate.
description or rigid scheme for the analysis and comparison of
3.2.5 discriminating power—the ability of an analytical
paints, but as a guide to the strengths and limitations of each
procedure to distinguish between two items of different origin.
analytical method.The goal is to provide a consistent approach
3.2.6 known sample—a coating sample of established ori-
to forensic paint analysis.
gin.
1.3 Some of the methods discussed in this guide involve the
3.2.7 paint—commonly known as a pigmented coating (see
use of dangerous chemicals, temperatures, and radiation
3.2.3).
sources. This guide does not purport to address the possible
3.2.8 pigment—a finely ground, inorganic or organic, in-
safety hazards or precautions associated with its application.
soluble, dispersed particle. Besides color, a pigment may
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
provide many of the essential properties of paint, such as
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
opacity,hardness,durabilityandcorrosionresistance.Theterm
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
pigment includes extenders.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
3.2.9 questioned sample—a coating sample whose original
requirements prior to use.
source is unknown.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.10 significant difference—a difference between two
samples that indicates that the two samples do not have a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
common origin.
D 16 Terminology Relating to Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and
2
Related Products
4. Quality Assurance Considerations
4.1 Aquality assurance program must be used to ensure that
1
analytical testing procedures and reporting of results are
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.
monitored by means of proficiency tests and technical audits.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
published as E 1610 – 94. Last previous edition E 1610 – 95 (2001).
2 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke
...

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5.1 This guide is designed to assist an analyst in the selection of appropriate sample preparation methods and instrumental parameters for the analysis and comparison of paint pigments and colors. When used for comparison purposes, the goal is to determine whether any exclusionary differences exist between the samples.  
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