ASTM D7419-18

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Aromatics and Total Saturates in Lube Basestocks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Refractive Index Detection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1Â The composition of a lubricating oil has a large effect on the characteristicsand uses of the oil. The determination of saturates, aromatics, and polars is a key analysis of this composition. The characterization of the composition of lubricating oils is important in determining their interchangeability for use in blending etcetera.
SCOPE
1.1Â This test method covers the determination of total aromatics and total saturats in additive-free lube basestocks using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with refractive index (RI) detection. This test method is applicable to samples containing total saturates in the concentration range of 74.9 % to 100.0 % by mass and aromatics in the concentration range of 0.0 % to 25.1 % by mass. The precision is expressed in terms of the total saturates.  
1.1.1Â Polar comounds, if present, are combined with the total aromatics. Precision was determined for basestocks with polars content  
1.2Â This test method includes a relative bias section for total saturates in basestocks based n a Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D7419 and Test Method D2007. The derived correlation equation is only applicable for basestocks in the total saturates concentration range from 75.0 % to 100.0 % by mass as measured by Test Method D7419.  
1.2.1Â The applicable range for total saturates by Test Method D2007D2007.  
1.3Â The vlues stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4Â This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5Â This international standard was developed in accordnce with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2018
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0C - Liquid Chromatography

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D6299-17 - Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2017
• Refers: ASTM D6300-15 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM D6708-15 - Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Refers: ASTM D6708-16 - Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM D6300-16 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM D6708-16a - Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM D6299-17a - Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM D6299-17b - Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2017
• Refers: ASTM D6708-18 - Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2018
• Refers: ASTM D6708-19 - Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM D2007-19 - Standard Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D6300-19a - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D2007-11(2016) - Standard Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D6074-15(2022) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7419 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Total Aromatics and Total Saturates in
Lube Basestocks by High Performance Liquid
1
Chromatography (HPLC) with Refractive Index Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
aromatics and total saturates in additive-free lube basestocks
using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with
2. Referenced Documents
refractive index (RI) detection. This test method is applicable
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tosamplescontainingtotalsaturatesintheconcentrationrange
D2007Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber
of 74.9% to 100.0% by mass and aromatics in the concentra-
Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-
tion range of 0.0% to 25.1% by mass. The precision is
Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromato-
expressed in terms of the total saturates.
graphic Method
1.1.1 Polar compounds, if present, are combined with the
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
total aromatics. Precision was determined for basestocks with
Petroleum Products
polars content <1.0% by mass.
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.2 Thistestmethodincludesarelativebiassectionfortotal
Petroleum Products
saturates in basestocks based on a Practice D6708 accuracy
D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
assessment between Test Method D7419 and Test Method
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
D2007.The derived correlation equation is only applicable for
Measurement System Performance
basestocks in the total saturates concentration range from
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
75.0% to 100.0% by mass as measured by Test Method
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
D7419.
Lubricants
1.2.1 The applicable range for total saturates by Test
D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
Method D2007 is from 71.0% to 99.0% by mass as reported
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
by Test Method D2007.
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.1 aromatics, n—in high performance liquid
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the chromatography, aromatic hydrocarbon components, minus
polar material, that have a longer retention time than saturates
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- on the specified polar columns, but can be removed as a single
peak by backflushing the columns with heptane.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.1.1.1 Discussion—Generally, aromatic hydrocarbons con-
tain one to four rings.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.2 backflush, v—elutionoftheHPLCmobilephaseinthe
backward or reverse direction from the silica gel column
towards the cyano column.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0C on Liquid Chromatography. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7419–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7419-18. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7419 − 18
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In this test method, it is used to elute meetstheresolutionandcapacityrequir
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7419 − 13 D7419 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Total Aromatics and Total Saturates in
Lube Basestocks by High Performance Liquid
1
Chromatography (HPLC) with Refractive Index Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total aromatics and total saturates in additive-free lube basestocks using high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with refractive index (RI) detection. This test method is applicable to samples
containing total saturates in the concentration range of 74.9 % to 100.0 % by mass and aromatics in the concentration range of 0.2
to 46 mass %.0.0 % to 25.1 % by mass. The precision is expressed in terms of the total saturates.
1.1.1 Polar compounds, if present, are combined with the total aromatics. Precision was determined for basestocks with polars
content < 1.0 mass %.<1.0 % by mass.
1.2 This test method includes a relative bias section for total saturates in basestocks based on a Practice D6708 accuracy
assessment between Test Method D7419 and Test Method D2007. The derived correlation equation is only applicable for
basestocks in the total saturates concentration range from 75.0 % to 100.0 % by mass as measured by Test Method D7419.
1.2.1 The applicable range for total saturates by Test Method D2007 is from 71.0 % to 99.0 % by mass as reported by Test
Method D2007.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2007 Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the
Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0C on Liquid Chromatography.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013July 1, 2018. Published June 2013November 2018. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
D7419 – 07.D7419 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7419-13.10.1520/D7419-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7419 − 18
3.1.1 aromatics, n—in high performance liquid chromatography, aromatic hydrocarbon components, minus polar material, that
hashave a longer retention time than saturates on the specified polar columns, but can be removed as a single peak by backflushing
the columns with heptane.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Generally, aromatic hydrocarbons
...