ASTM D3605-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
Standard Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Knowledge of the presence of trace metals in gas turbine fuels enables the user to predict performance and, when necessary, to take appropriate action to prevent corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium, lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade Nos. 0-GT through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg/kg level for each of the elements. This test method is intended for the determination of oil-soluble metals and not waterborne contaminants in oil-water mixtures.
1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test method for the determination of these elements in Specification D2880.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D3605 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption
1
and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3605; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D6728 Test Method for Determination of Contaminants in
Gas Turbine and Diesel Engine Fuel by Rotating Disc
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium,
Electrode Atomic Emission Spectrometry
lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade
Nos. 0-GT through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg⁄kg level for each of
3. Summary of Test Method
the elements. This test method is intended for the determina-
tion of oil-soluble metals and not waterborne contaminants in
3.1 The samples are prepared to conform with the require-
oil-water mixtures.
ments of the method of standard additions, which is selected to
1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test
obviate problems encountered with the direct analysis of
methodforthedeterminationoftheseelementsinSpecification
typical gas turbine fuels that exhibit significant variations in
D2880.
physical properties. Different, but known, amounts of analyte
are added to two portions of sample. These, together with the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this unaltered sample, are burned in the flame of an atomic
absorption instrument that measures light absorption by the
standard.
atomized metals. The analysis of the sample portions with
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
addedanalyteprovidesthecalibrationinformationnecessaryto
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
calculate the analyte content of the unaltered sample.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Lead is determined by atomic absorption in a premixed
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
air-acetylene flame, and sodium is determined by atomic
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
absorption or atomic emission in a premixed air-acetylene
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
flame. Calcium and vanadium are determined by atomic
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
absorption or atomic emission in a premixed nitrous oxide-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
acetylene flame.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.3 Most experience with this test method has been in the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
atomic absorption mode, although flame emission has been
used successfully. Details in the subsequent sections are
2. Referenced Documents
2 written for the atomic absorption mode. If the flame emission
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mode is used, minor details in the subsequent sections must be
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
altered to conform to standard practice for flame emission
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
spectroscopy. The precision statement applies only to the
Petroleum Products
atomic absorption mode.
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
NOTE 1—Some GT fuel users may wish to determine potassium in
addition to other metals included in this method. Potassium can be
determined in a manner similar to that for sodium using a potassium
1
hollow cathode lamp, (unless flame emission mode is used) a wavelength
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of of 766.4 mm, and an appropriate organo-potassium standard. Precision
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. data for potassium have not been determined.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3605 – 16. DOI:
4. Significance and Use
10.1520/D3605-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 Knowledgeofthepresenceoftracemetalsingasturbine
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
fuels enables the user to predict performance and, when
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. necessary, to take appropriate action to prevent corrosion.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. Unit
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3605 − 16 D3605 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption
1
and Flame Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3605; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium, lead, calcium, and vanadium in Specification D2880 Grade Nos. 0-GT
through 4-GT fuels at 0.5 mg ⁄kg level for each of the elements. This test method is intended for the determination of oil-soluble
metals and not waterborne contaminants in oil-water mixtures.
1.1.1 Test Method D6728 is suggested as an alternative test method for the determination of these elements in Specification
D2880.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6728 Test Method for Determination of Contaminants in Gas Turbine and Diesel Engine Fuel by Rotating Disc Electrode
Atomic Emission Spectrometry
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The samples are prepared to conform with the requirements of the method of standard additions, which is selected to obviate
problems encountered with the direct analysis of typical gas turbine fuels that exhibit significant variations in physical properties.
Different, but known, amounts of analyte are added to two portions of sample. These, together with the unaltered sample, are
burned in the flame of an atomic absorption instrument that measures light absorption by the atomized metals. The analysis of the
sample portions with added analyte provides the calibration information necessary to calculate the analyte content of the unaltered
sample.
3.2 Lead is determined by atomic absorption in a premixed air-acetylene flame, and sodium is determined by atomic absorption
or atomic emission in a premixed air-acetylene flame. Calcium and vanadium are determined by atomic absorption or atomic
emission in a premixed nitrous oxide-acetylene flame.
3.3 Most experience with this test method has been in the atomic absorption mode, although flame emission has been used
successfully. Details in the subsequent sections are written for the atomic absorption mode. If the flame emission mode is used,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016June 1, 2017. Published July 2016June 2017. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D3605 – 00 (2011).D3605 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D3605-16.10.1520/D3605-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3605 − 17
minor details in the subsequent sections must be altered to conform to standard practice for flame emission spectroscopy. The
precision statement applies only to the atomic absorption mode.
NOTE 1—Some GT fuel users may wish to determine potassium in addition to other metals included in this method. Potassium can be determine
...
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