ASTM F3021-13
(Specification)Standard Specification for Universal Design of Fitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by Persons with Functional Limitations and Impairments
Standard Specification for Universal Design of Fitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by Persons with Functional Limitations and Impairments
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for the design and manufacturing of fitness equipment intended for use by persons with functional limitations and impairments. It aims to assist designers and manufacturers in reducing the possibility of injury when these products are used in accordance with the manufacturer's operational instructions. It covers assistive technologies such as wheelchairs, walkers, crutches, canes, prosthetics, alternative communication devices, and cell phones, as well as requirements for color contrast.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 established additional requirements not set forth in the referenced ASTM standards for the design of commercial fitness equipment to increase access and user independence by people with functional limitations or impairments.
1.2 The intent of this specification is to assure that the fitness product being designed for inclusive use by individuals with and without functional limitations or impairments remains functional and safe when the equipment is operated according to the manufacturer’s operational instructions.
1.3 It is the intent of this specification to specify products for indoor use in a commercial environment by individuals age 13 and above.
1.4 Products designed to meet this specification must not be automatically classified as fit for medical or rehabilitation fitness purposes. Products intended for medical use should comply with any applicable international or national standards.
1.5 Where users are exercising from a wheelchair, it is the intent of this specification to specify products for use by individuals using manual or powered wheelchairs (including scooters).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address the needs of every possible user and recognizes that access will not be possible for all individuals or all types of assistive technologies.
1.7 Designers shall use this specification in conjunction with other ASTM fitness equipment standards and its accompanying test method.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—Additional specifications applicable to specific pieces of equipment, such as treadmills, bicycles, ellipticals, and strength equipment are currently under development.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F3021 −13
StandardSpecification for
Universal Design of Fitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by
Persons with Functional Limitations and Impairments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3021; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The goal of this specification is to promote proper design and manufacturing practices for fitness
equipment intended for use by persons with functional limitations and impairments. Through these
specifications, this standard aims to assist designers and manufacturers in reducing the possibility of
injury when these products are used in accordance with the operational instructions.
The equipment user must recognize, however, that the standard alone will not necessarily prevent
injuries.Likeotherphysicalactivities,exerciseinvolvingfitnessequipmentinvolvestheriskofinjury,
particularly if the equipment is used improperly or not properly maintained. In addition, users with
physical limitations should seek medical advice and instruction from the fitness facility prior to using
this equipment. Certain physical conditions or limitations may preclude some persons from using the
equipment properly and without increasing the risk of serious injury.
1. Scope fitness purposes. Products intended for medical use should
2 comply with any applicable international or national standards.
1.1 This specification established additional requirements
not set forth in the referenced ASTM standards for the design 1.5 Where users are exercising from a wheelchair, it is the
of commercial fitness equipment to increase access and user intent of this specification to specify products for use by
independence by people with functional limitations or impair- individuals using manual or powered wheelchairs (including
ments. scooters).
1.2 The intent of this specification is to assure that the 1.6 This standard does not purport to address the needs of
fitness product being designed for inclusive use by individuals every possible user and recognizes that access will not be
withandwithoutfunctionallimitationsorimpairmentsremains possible for all individuals or all types of assistive technolo-
functional and safe when the equipment is operated according gies.
to the manufacturer’s operational instructions.
1.7 Designers shall use this specification in conjunction
with other ASTM fitness equipment standards and its accom-
1.3 It is the intent of this specification to specify products
for indoor use in a commercial environment by individuals age panying test method.
13 and above.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
1.4 Products designed to meet this specification must not be standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
automatically classified as fit for medical or rehabilitation only.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F08 on Sports
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Subcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published July 2013. DOI: 10.1520/
F3021-13.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This work was funded, in part, by the Rehabilitation Engineering Research
NOTE 1—Additional specifications applicable to specific pieces of
Center on RecTech through the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation
equipment, such as treadmills, bicycles, ellipticals, and strength equip-
Research under the US Department of Education grant #H133E070029 and
H133120005. ment are currently under development.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3021−13
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.6 gripping surface, n—theareaofthehandgripsorhand
3 grip bars/rails intended to be grasped by the hands for balance
2.1 ASTM Standards:
or stability during access, egress, or exercise, or combinations
F1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Fa-
thereof.
cility Safety Signage and Labels
F2115 Specification for Motorized Treadmills 3.1.7 hand grips, fixed, n—non-movable piece designed to
be grasped by the hand(s) for support during access, egress, or
F2276 Specification for Fitness Equipment
exercise, or combinations thereof.
F3022 Test Method for Evaluating the Universal Design of
Fitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by Persons with
3.1.8 hand grips, movable—movable piece designed to be
Functional Limitations and Impairments
grasped by the hand(s) for support and use during exercise.
3.1.8.1 Discussion—This includes both applied and integral
2.2 ADAAG:
Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines hand grips as defined in Specification F2276.
(ADAAG)
3.1.9 iconography, n—graphic or pictorial symbols used on
2.3 ISO Standards: consolesorotherpartsoftheequipmenttodisplayinformation.
ISO 845 Cellular plastics and rubbers -- Determination of
3.1.10 impairment, n—any deficit in psychological,
apparent density
physiological, or anatomical structure or function that has an
ISO 2439 Flexible cellular polymeric materials -- Determi-
adverse effect on a person’s ability to carry out day to day
nation of hardness (indentation technique)
activities, including health and leisure activities.
3.1.10.1 Discussion—An impairment is not a disability if it
3. Terminology
does not interfere with task performance.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.11 inclusive, adj—including people with and without
3.1.1 access, v—getting at or on fitness equipment or at
disabilities or impairments, or both.
fitness equipment controls or adjustments.
3.1.12 incremental weights, n—additional fractional
3.1.2 assistive technologies, n—adaptive or rehabilitative
weights that can be applied in between the main weight plate
devices, or both, for people with disabilities that promote
selections.
greater independence by enabling people to perform tasks that
3.1.13 instructions for use, n—user facing instructions that
they were formerly unable to accomplish, or had great diffi-
are affixed to the equipment relating to the use of a piece of
culty accomplishing.
equipment, not including core branding or logo artwork,
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Assistive technologies include, but are
manufacturer’s labels, model number labels, or standards or
not limited to, wheelchairs, walkers, canes, crutches,
certification marks, or owner’s/training manual(s).
prosthetics, alternative communication devices, cell phones,
3.1.13.1 Discussion—For example: Placard, decal panel, or
etc.
other means.
3.1.3 color contrast, n—the difference in luminance be-
3.1.14 labels, n—information directed at the user to support
tween two or more surfaces seen simultaneously or succes-
the use of a specific element of a piece of equipment, not
sively.
includingcorebrandingorlogoartwork,manufacturer’slabels,
3.1.3.1 Discussion—In this standard, significant color con-
model number labels or standards, or certification marks.
trast is defined as 70 % or more, which is the current best
3.1.15 luminance (L), n—value or lightness on a scale
practice.
3.1.3.2 Discussion—In this standard, contrast is measured ranging from black to white of light reflected off a surface
measured in candela per meter squared (cd/m ).
by measuring the luminance (L) of color, as opposed to color
hue or saturation.
3.1.16 main controls, n—quick start, start, stop, enter, clear,
3.1.4 control panel/console, n—equipment/user interface numeric digits 0 to 9, increase resistance/level, decrease
device for controlling the operation of, or displaying informa- resistance/level, increase speed, decrease speed, increase
tion about the operational state of the equipment. gradient/incline, decrease gradient/incline, audio on/off, and
any other functions, for example, emergency or safety stops,
3.1.5 core branding and logo artwork/graphics,
considered essential for the use of the equipment.
n—equipment supplier logo, artwork, or graphics, or combina-
tions thereof, that promote and market their brand.
3.1.17 movable seat, n—a seat which can be moved away
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Core branding is not to be used within from the primary exercise position where the entire seat
the body of instructional text. structure remains attached to the main structure of the equip-
ment.
3.1.18 postural supports, n—integral element to the equip-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ment which assists in holding the user in position during
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
exercise.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3.1.19 quick start, n—one push mechanism that starts the
AvailablefromtheUSAccessBoard,www.access-board.gov,orcontacttheUS
equipment in manual mode at the minimal speed or resistance
Access Board Customer Service at ta@access-board.gov.
that is specified in the standard for the specific piece of
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org. equipment.
F3021−13
3.1.20 removable seat, n—a seat that can be moved away characters contrast with their background by at least 70
from the primary exercise position where the entire seat percent” (A1.4). The calculation of contrast is determined by:
structure can be removed or separated from the remaining
Contrast 5 @ L1 2 L2 ⁄L1# 3100 (1)
~ !
structure of the equipment.
where
3.1.21 sans serif, n—without any short lines stemming from
L1 = luminance (L) of the lighter area
or at an angle to the upper and lower ends of the strokes of a
L2 = luminance (L) of the darker area
letter.
3.1.21.1 Discussion—For example: Times New Roman is a 4.2 Color Definitions:
4.2.1 There are three basic properties of color: Hue (the
serif font where as Arial, Helvetica, and Calibri are sans serif
fonts. color), Saturation (or intensity), and Lightness (or value). See
Fig. 1.
3.1.22 skids, n—a mechanism for moving equipment by
4.2.1.1 Hue refers to what is commonly called color, for
sliding across the floor without wheels.
example, red, green, blue-green, orange, etc.
3.1.23 tactile, adj—of, or relating to, or proceeding from,
4.2.1.2 Saturation refers to the richness of a hue as com-
the sense of touch.
pared to a gray of the same lightness or value; in some color
3.1.24 transfer, v—the action of getting onto (access) or off
notation systems, saturation is also known as chroma.
of (egress) a piece of fitness equipment, particularly from a
4.2.1.3 Lightness (or Value), of a light source or the light-
wheelchair or other mobility aid.
ness of an opaque object is measured on a scale ranging from
dim to bright for a light source or from black to white for an
3.1.25 transfer surface, n—area of the static or moving
opaque object (or from black to colorless for a transparent
surface, or both, that is clear of any obstruction that would
object). In some systems, lightness is called value.
impede normal foot placements or motion, or both, and
4.2.2 Color contrast in this standard is defined as the light to
therefore is accessible for normal use.
dark (or value) contrast since this is the characteristic that can
3.1.26 wheelchair, n—device to provide wheeled mobility
be seen by most of the population, including people that are
with seating support system for a person with mobility
completely color blind.
impairment, including manual wheelchairs which are powered
4.2.2.1 Luminance—The measurement of reflected light is
by the user and electrically powered wheelchairs which are
called luminance. Luminance is “the amount of visible light
powered by a motor.
leaving a point on a surface in a given direction.due to
3.1.26.1 Discussion—A walking aid with wheels is not a
reflection,” or the perceived or apparent brightness of a surface
wheelchair.
(A1.4.2). The standard unit of luminance is candela per square
3.1.26.2 Discussion—A scooter is an electrically powered
meter (cd/m ), also called nits. Luminance is measured using a
wheelchair.
reflective light meter, a technology that measures light within
the visible spectrum.
4. Color Contrast
4.2.2.2 Illuminance—The measurement of incident light is
4.1 Color Contrast Criteria Background: called illuminance. Illuminance is the total luminous flux
incidentonasurface,orthe“quantityoflight.fallingonaunit
4.1.1 For the purpose of this standard, significant color
area of a surface” (A1.4.3). The standard unit of luminance is
contrast is defined to be a value greater than or equal to 70 %.
lux (lx). Illuminance is measured using an incident light
4.1.2 The following applies to these sections within the
meter—a technology that measures light within the visible
document:
spectrum.
4.1.2.1 Integral surfaces and separate steps/frame (see
5.1.1.7).
4.3 Spot Luminance Meter Technology—The ADAAG
4.1.2.2 Element of the equipment where the user is required
Guidelines do not specify the technology or methodology to
to step over/adjacent surface (see 5.1.1.12).
4.1.2.3 Seats/primary adjacent surface (see 5.1.2.10).
4.1.2.4 Adjustment mechanisms/adjacent surface (see
5.1.3.8).
4.1.2.5 Markings/adjacent surface (see 5.1.3.12).
4.1.2.6 Intended gripping surfaces of all hand grips/adjacent
surface (see 5.1.4.4).
4.1.2.7 Test, iconography, and a minimum of the border of
the main instruction panel/adjacent surface (see 5.1.6.7).
4.1.2.8 Text, iconography, and a minimum of the border of
the main control buttons/adjacent surface (see 5.2.4.3).
4.1.2.9 Numeric readouts relating to the main controls/
adjacent surface (see 5.2.6.2).
4.1.3 The US Access Board’s Americans with Disabilities
Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) for signage specifies
that signage is “more legible for persons with low vision when FIG. 1Hue, Saturation, Value
F3021−13
measuretheluminancevaluesinEq1.Atthetimethisstandard 5.1.1.6 Integral surfaces and separate steps shall have a
was written, at least one simple, low-cost technology solution minimum length of 500 mm (19.7 in.), a minimum width of
had been identified: a spot meter designed for the photography
300 mm (11.8 in.), and a maximum height of 170 mm (6.7 in.).
and cinematography industrie
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.