ASTM C1753/C1753M-15e1

Standard Practice for Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a means of assessing the relative early hydration performance of various test mixtures compared with control mixtures that are prepared in a similar manner.  
5.2 Thermal profiles are used to evaluate the hydration behavior of hydraulic cementitious mixtures after the addition of water. They may provide indications concerning setting characteristics, compatibility of different materials, sulfate balance, relative heat of hydration, and early strength development. They can be used to evaluate the effects of compositions, proportions, and time of addition of materials as well as the initial mixture and test temperatures. Thermal profile testing is an effective tool for identifying performance sensitivities or trends, and may help to reduce the number of concrete test mixtures required to develop and qualify mixtures, especially those to be subject to variable ambient environments. It may be used by concrete producers, materials suppliers, and other practitioners to support mixture development, selection of material types or sources, optimization of proportions, or troubleshooting of field problems.  
5.3 This practice can be used to understand concrete problems related to slump loss, setting, and early strength, but results may not predict field concrete performance. Performance verification with concrete is needed to quantify the trends identified using thermal testing.  
5.4 This practice can be used to evaluate the effects of chemical admixtures on the thermal profiles of cementitious mixtures. This can be especially useful in selecting dosages appropriate for different ambient conditions.  
5.5 Thermal measurement testing as described in this practice may have similar significance and use as isothermal calorimetry described by Practice C1679 or some types of near-adiabatic calorimetry. The selection of which practice or methods to use may depend on specific applications and circumstances. The thermal profiles obtained by this practic...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the apparatus and procedure for evaluating relative differences in early hydration of hydraulic cementitious mixtures such as paste, mortar, or concrete, including those containing chemical admixtures, various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and other finely divided materials, by measuring the temperature history of a specimen.  
1.2 Calorimetry is the measurement of heat lost or gained during a chemical reaction such as cement hydration; calorimetric measurements as a function of time can be used to describe and evaluate hydration and related early-age property development. Calorimetry may be performed under isothermal conditions (as described in Practice C1679) or under adiabatic or semi-adiabatic conditions. This practice cannot be described as calorimetry because no attempt is made to measure or compute the heat evolved from test specimens due to hydration, but it can in many cases be used for similar evaluations. Variables that should be considered in the application of this practice are discussed in the Appendix.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2015
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.48 - Performance of Cementitious Materials and Admixture Combinations

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:C1753/C1753M −15
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious
1
Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1753/C1753M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The designation was corrected editorially in June 2016 to conform with the units statement (1.3).
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged
1. Scope
2
exposure.
1.1 This practice describes the apparatus and procedure for
evaluating relative differences in early hydration of hydraulic
2. Referenced Documents
cementitious mixtures such as paste, mortar, or concrete,
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
including those containing chemical admixtures, various
C39/C39MTest Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
supplementarycementitiousmaterials(SCMs),andotherfinely
drical Concrete Specimens
divided materials, by measuring the temperature history of a
C125Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
specimen.
gregates
1.2 Calorimetry is the measurement of heat lost or gained
C172/C172MPractice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-
during a chemical reaction such as cement hydration; calori-
crete
metric measurements as a function of time can be used to
C192/C192MPracticeforMakingandCuringConcreteTest
describe and evaluate hydration and related early-age property
Specimens in the Laboratory
development. Calorimetry may be performed under isothermal
C219Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
conditions (as described in Practice C1679) or under adiabatic
C305Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
orsemi-adiabaticconditions.Thispracticecannotbedescribed
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
as calorimetry because no attempt is made to measure or
C403/C403MTest Method for Time of Setting of Concrete
compute the heat evolved from test specimens due to
Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
hydration, but it can in many cases be used for similar
C494/C494MSpecification for Chemical Admixtures for
evaluations. Variables that should be considered in the appli-
Concrete
cation of this practice are discussed in the Appendix.
C1005Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The
C1679Practice for Measuring Hydration Kinetics of Hy-
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
draulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Isothermal Calorim-
therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
etry
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
conformancewiththestandard.SomevalueshaveonlySIunits
3. Terminology
because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
practice, refer to Terminology C125, Terminology C219, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Practice C1679.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 adiabatic, adj—occurring without exchange of heat
with the environment.
NOTE 1—Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.48on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Performance of Cementitious Materials and Admixture Combinations. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1753_C1753M-15E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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C1753/C1753M−15
3.2.2 exotherm, n—heat evolution during hydration as evi- 3.2.8 test specimen, n—a hydraulic cementitious mixture
denced by an increase in measured specimen temperature being evaluated for its thermal response.
shown in the thermal profile.
3.2.9 test temperature, n—the temperature of the air or
3.2.3 inert
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C1753 − 15 C1753/C1753M − 15
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious
1
Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1753;C1753/C1753M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The designation was corrected editorially in June 2016 to conform with the units statement (1.3).
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes the apparatus and procedure for evaluating relative differences in early hydration of hydraulic
cementitious mixtures such as paste, mortar, or concrete, including those containing chemical admixtures, various supplementary
cementitious materials (SCMs), and other finely divided materials, by measuring the temperature history of a specimen.
1.2 Calorimetry is the measurement of heat lost or gained during a chemical reaction such as cement hydration; calorimetric
measurements as a function of time can be used to describe and evaluate hydration and related early-age property development.
Calorimetry may be performed under isothermal conditions (as described in Practice C1679) or under adiabatic or semi-adiabatic
conditions. This practice cannot be described as calorimetry because no attempt is made to measure or compute the heat evolved
from test specimens due to hydration, but it can in many cases be used for similar evaluations. Variables that should be considered
in the application of this practice are discussed in the Appendix.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound
equivalents are not used in practice.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2
NOTE 1—Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing of
Hydraulic Cements
C1679 Practice for Measuring Hydration Kinetics of Hydraulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Isothermal Calorimetry
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.48 on
Performance of Cementitious Materials and Admixture Combinations.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. DOI: 10.1520/C1753-1510.1520/C1753_C1753M-15E01.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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C1753/C1753M − 15
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology C125, Terminology C219, and Practice
C1679.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 adiabatic, adj—occurring
...