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ASTM D4114-02

(Specification)

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' Apparel

Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' Apparel

SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers woven flat fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used as linings for women's and girls' apparel.
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile, and sheepskin lining fabrics.
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jan-2002
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.61 - Apparel
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4114-95a - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' Apparel
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D4114-02(2008) - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' Apparel
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008

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ASTM D4114-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' ApparelASTM D4114-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' Apparel
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ASTM D4114-02 - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women's and Girls' Apparel
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4114 – 02
Standard Performance Specification for
1
Woven Flat Lining Fabrics for Women’s and Girls’ Apparel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
1.1 Thisperformancespecificationcoverswovenflatfabrics
3
2.2 AATCC Test Methods:
comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used as
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
linings for women’s and girls’ apparel.
15 Colorfastness to Perspiration
1.2 This performance specification is not applicable to
16 Colorfastness to Light
woven pile, woven fusible, fire-bonded fusible, sliver-knit pile,
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
and sheepskin lining fabrics.
61 Colorfastness to Washing, Domestic, and Laundering,
1.3 These requirements apply to the length and width
Commercial: Accelerated
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
nent.
Method
1.4 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
124 Appearance of Durable Press Fabrics After Repeated
the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This
Home Launderings
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
132 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
of Woven or Knit Fabrics
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
172 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laun-
tions prior to use.
dering
2. Referenced Documents
188 Colorfastness to Chlorine Bleach in Home Laundering
2
Evaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Evaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for Staining
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
Evaluation Procedure No. 3 AATCC Chromatic Transfer-
D 434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns in
ence Scale
Woven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam
4
2.3 Federal Standard:
D 1336 Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in Woven
16 CFR, Chapter II–Consumer Product Safety Commission
Fabrics
Subchapter D–Flammable Fabrics Act Regulations
D 1424 Test Method for Tear Resistance of Woven Fabrics
5
2.4 Military Standard:
by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf) Apparatus
MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
D 2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
spection by Attributes
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
D 2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of- methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
Traverse Tensile Testing Machine)
3. Terminology
D 2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated
3.1 Definitions:
Apparel Fabrics
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.61 on Apparel.
3
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2002. Published April 2002. Originally Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O.
published as D 4114 – 82. Last previous edition D 4114 – 95. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Washington, DC 20402.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
the ASTM website. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4114–02
3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this specifica- controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to
tion, refer to the individualASTM andAATCC methods and to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer
Terminology D 123. demands dictate varying performance parameters for any
3.2 Definitions found in a dictionary of common terms are particular style of fabric.
suitable for this specificat
...

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5.1 In general, these procedures are more suitable for testing woven fabrics than knit fabrics.  
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5.2.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. Test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.  
5.3 The stiffness of a fabric may change with storage.  
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1.1.1 Option A—Cantilever Test, employing the principle of cantilever bending of the fabric under its own mass.  
1.1.2 Option B—Heart Loop Test, employing the principle of a loop formed in a fabric strip and hung vertically.  
1.2 This test method applies to most fabrics including woven fabrics, air bag fabrics, blankets, napped fabrics, knitted fabrics, layered fabrics, pile fabrics. The fabrics may be untreated, heavily sized, coated, resin-treated, or otherwise treated.  
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the air permeability of textile fabrics.  
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of end (warp) and pick (filling) count and is applicable to all types of woven fabrics.  
Note 1: Historically, the term fabric count has been used to describe the end and pick count of woven fabrics. The terms end count and pick count are replacing the term fabric count, to provide clarity.  
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1.2.1 Throughout this document, there will be some instances in which the units do not convert 1:1. This is to acknowledge that this is a global document and that different parts of the world use different units of measurement. Organizations using the metric system wil report the count per 1 cm. Organizations using the English system will report the count per 1 in.  
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4.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, woven high stretch fabrics used in apparel should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification. (A) See Note 3.  
4.2 It is recognized that, for purposes of fashion or aesthetics, the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable products that do not conform to all of the requirements listed in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements in Table 1 may be modified by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.  
4.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specifications should specify that: “This product meets ASTM specifications XXXX except for the following characteristic(s).”  
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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)

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5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex. The resistance to abrasion is affected by many factors, such as the inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion is also greatly affected by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must accordingly be changed at frequent intervals or checked periodically against a standard. With disposable abradants, the abradant is used only once or changed after limited use. With permanent abradants that use hardened metal or equivalent surfaces, it is assumed that the abradant will not change appreciably in a specific series of tests, but obviously similar abradants used in different laboratories will not likely change at the same rate due to differences in usage. Permanent abradants may also change due to pick up of finishing or other material from test fabrics and must accordingly be cleaned at frequent intervals. The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion may also be affected by the method of evaluation and may be influenced by the judgment of the operator.  
5.4 The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of cycles on a specified machine, using a specified technique to produce a spe...
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of woven textile fabrics using the oscillatory cylinder tester. This test method may not be usable for some fabric constructions.
Note 1: Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics are given in: Guides D3884 and D4158, and Test Methods D3885, D3886, and AATCC 93.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D3884, D3885, D3886, D4157, D4158, and AATCC TM93.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4970/D4970M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser or supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely outside the United States.  
5.2 If there is a disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with comparison being based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. A minimum of two parties should take a group of test specimens, which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average test results from the two laboratories should be compared using an acceptable statistical protocol and probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is started. Appropriate statistical disciplines for comparing data must be used when the purchaser and supplier cannot agree. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future results with consideration for the known bias.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to the formation of pills and other related surface changes on textile fabrics using the Martindale tester.
Note 1: For other methods, if testing the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3512/D3512M, and D3514.  
1.2 This test method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.3 The fabric may be laundered or dry cleaned before testing as agreed upon among interested parties.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off