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ASTM D4124-09(2018)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions

Standard Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method separates asphalts into four well-defined fractions. Analysis of these fractions can be used to evaluate asphalt composition (1, 2).4 For example, one can compare the ratios of the fractions with other asphalt systems to evaluate processing and aging parameters that relate to performance properties of the asphalt.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the separation of four defined fractions from petroleum asphalts. The four fractions are defined as saturates, naphthene aromatics, polar aromatics, and iso-octane insoluble asphaltenes. This method can also be used to isolate saturates, naphthene aromatics, and polar aromatics from distillate products such as vacuum gas oils, lubricating oils, and cycle stocks. These distillate products usually do not contain asphaltenes.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 Since a precision estimate for this standard has not been developed, this test method is to be used for research or informational purposes only. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2017
ICS
91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
93.080.20 - Road construction materials
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.47 - Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM D8-22a - Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
Effective Date
01-Jan-2018
Referred By
ASTM D6703-19 - Standard Test Method for Automated Heithaus Titrimetry
Effective Date
01-Jan-2018
Referred By
ASTM D5505-14(2020) - Standard Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents
Effective Date
01-Jan-2018

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ASTM D4124-09(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four FractionsASTM D4124-09(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions
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ASTM D4124-09(2018) - Standard Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4124 − 09 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
1
Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4124; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Documents:
3
Manual on Hydrocarbon Analysis
1.1 This test method covers the separation of four defined
fractions from petroleum asphalts. The four fractions are
3. Terminology
defined as saturates, naphthene aromatics, polar aromatics, and
iso-octane insoluble asphaltenes.This method can also be used 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 asphaltenes or alkane insolubles—insoluble matter
to isolate saturates, naphthene aromatics, and polar aromatics
from distillate products such as vacuum gas oils, lubricating that can be separated from asphalt following digestion of the
asphalt in n-alkane (and in some cases, branched alkanes)
oils, and cycle stocks. These distillate products usually do not
contain asphaltenes. under the specified conditions in this test method.
3.1.2 naphthene—any of a group of hydrocarbon ring com-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
pounds of the general formula, C H , derivatives of cyclopen-
standard.
n 2n
tane and cyclohexane, found in certain petroleum stocks.
1.3 Since a precision estimate for this standard has not been
3.1.3 naphthene aromatics—material that is adsorbed on
developed, this test method is to be used for research or
calcined CG-20 alumina in the presence of n-heptane, and
informational purposes only. Therefore, this standard should
desorbed by toluene, after removal of saturates under the
not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for
conditions specified.
purchasing purposes.
3.1.4 petrolenes (also referred to as maltenes)—(1) any of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the constituents of a bitumen, as asphalt, that are soluble in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
n-alkanes (and in some cases, branched alkanes), which
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
generally range in carbon number between n-C to n-C
5 10
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
alkanes, n-heptane being the most common solvent used; (2)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the low molecular weight alkane-soluble matter recovered
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.
following separation of asphaltenes from the digested mixture
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
under the specified conditions described in this and similar test
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
methods.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.5 polar aromatics (resins)—material desorbed from cal-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
cinedCG-20aluminaabsorbent,afterthesaturatesfractionand
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
naphthenic aromatics fraction have been removed, using tolu-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ene:methanol (50:50, vol:vol) and trichloroethylene eluate
under the conditions specified.
2. Referenced Documents
2
3.1.6 saturates—material that, on percolation in an alkane
2.1 ASTM Standards:
eluate, is not absorbed on calcined CG-20 alumina absorbent
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
under the conditions specified.
4. Summary of Test Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 in 4.1 The sample containing the four defined fractions is first
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
separated into alkane-insoluble asphaltenes and alkane-soluble
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published January 2018. Originally
petrolenes. Petrolenes are then adsorbed onto calcined CG-20
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4124 – 09. DOI:
alumina and further fractionated into saturate, naphthene
10.1520/D4124-09R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
the ASTM website. Available from ASTM as MNL3-6TH-EB.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United
...

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5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
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SCOPE
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5.1 The viscosity at 60 °C [140 °F] characterizes flow behavior and may be used for specification requirements for cutback asphalt and asphalt binders.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of the apparent viscosity of asphalt binder by vacuum capillary viscometers at 60 °C [140 °F]. It is applicable to materials having viscosities in the range from 0.0036 to over 20 000 Pa·s [0.036 to over 200 000 P].  
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4.1 This practice can be used to obtain residues of emulsified asphalts. The residue may be used for further testing.  
4.2 As approximately 5 g of residue is typically obtained, limited testing is possible.
Note 1: Rheological characterization as described in Test Methods D7175 and D7405 are suitable test methods. Additional test methods are being developed suited to the small amounts of residue obtained.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is suitable for recovery of the residue of emulsified asphalts composed principally of a semisolid or liquid asphaltic base, water, and an emulsifying agent. Asphalt base may be pre-modified with polymeric modifiers or latex polymer modifiers may be incorporated into the emulsified asphalt through co-milling or post emulsified asphalt production blending.  
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3.1 This test method is useful in calculating percent air voids as given in Test Method D3203/D3203M. Since specific gravity has no units, it must be converted to density when this type of measurement is required. This conversion is made by multiplying the specific gravity at a given temperature by the density of water at the same temperature.
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SCOPE
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