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ASTM D2534-88(2007)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The coefficient of friction is related to the slip properties of many commercial articles that have been coated with petroleum wax (for example, butter cartons and wax-impregnated or hot melt coated corrugated board).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the coefficient of kinetic friction for a petroleum wax coating or wax-based hot melt coating when sliding over itself.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2007
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.10.0A - Physical/Chemical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2534-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D2534-88(2012) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Referred By
ASTM G115-10(2018) - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007

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ASTM D2534-88(2007) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax CoatingsASTM D2534-88(2007) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
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ASTM D2534-88(2007) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2534 − 88(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the coef- 4.1 A coated surface under load is pulled at a uniform rate
ficient of kinetic friction for a petroleum wax coating or over a second coated surface. The force required to move the
wax-based hot melt coating when sliding over itself. load is measured, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is
calculated.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 The coefficient of friction is related to the slip properties
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of many commercial articles that have been coated with
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
petroleum wax (for example, butter cartons and wax-
2. Referenced Documents
impregnated or hot melt coated corrugated board).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of
6.1 Sled Assembly, as shown in Fig. 1, weighing 180 61g,
Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product
and consisting of the following parts:
(Withdrawn 2010)
6.1.1 Brass Block, 25 mm (1 in.) wide by 13 mm ( ⁄2 in.)
D1465 Test Method for Blocking and Picking Points of
thick by 75 mm (3 in.) long,
Petroleum Wax
6.1.2 Microscope Slide, cemented to one surface, 25 mm (1
3. Terminology
in.) by 75 mm (3 in.), and
6.1.3 Detachable Handle, using 1.5 mm ( ⁄16 in.) weld rod.
3.1 Definitions:
3.2 friction—the resistance to sliding exhibited by two
6.2 Horizontal Plane Assembly and Pulling Device, consist-
surfaces in contact with each other. Basically there are two
ing of a metal or wood sheet covered by a smooth, flat piece of
frictional properties exhibited by any surface; static friction
glass approximately 150 by 300 mm (6 by 12 in.). The plane
and kinetic friction.
shall be supported by two 250 by 300-mm (10 by 12 in.)
diagonal shelf-brackets. A board attached across the brackets
3.3 kinetic friction—the force that resists motion when a
shall be clamped in the jaws of the lower crosshead of an
surface is moving with a uniform velocity; it is, therefore,
electronic load cell-type tension tester. Adjust the assembly so
equal and opposite to the force required to maintain sliding of
thattheglasssurfaceislevel.Attachalow-frictionpulleyatthe
the surface with a uniform velocity.
edge of the plane with the outer side centered directly beneath
the load cell of the testing machine and the bottom side level
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
with the sled handle. Connect the sled handle to the load cell of
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
the tester by a light, flexible metal cable or polyester cord
D02.10.0A on Physical/Chemical Properties.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
passing around the pulley.
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2534–88(2004).
6.3 Low-Friction Pulley, consisting of a pulley mounted in
DOI: 10.1520/D2534-88R07.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
hardened steel cone bearings on a metal fork. The pulley
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
should be constructed from materials having hardness and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
durability equivalent to phenolic-type materials.
the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. 7. Materials
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2534 − 88 (2007)
FIG. 1 Coefficient of Kinetic Friction Sled Assembly
7.1 Scissors or Cutter, suitable for cutting waxed specimen 10. Procedure
to the desired dimensions.
10.1 Lay down two strips of double-faced adhesive tape
7.2 Adhesive Tapes, single-faced and double-faced, 13 to 20 alongthelengthoftheplanesothattheyareapproximately100
1 3
mm ( ⁄2 to ⁄4 in.) in width.
mm (4 in.) between centers.
10.2 Attach the 250 by 130-mm specimen to the double-
8. Sampling and Test Specimens
faced tape on the horizontal plane.
8.1 Test specimens may be flexible, such as wax-coated
NOTE 2—For wax-coated paper, make the attachment so that the
paper, or rigid, such as wax-coated paperboard or corrugated
specimen is free of wrinkles.
(Note 1). From each test unit obtained in accordance with
10.2.1 For
...

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