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ASTM D3748-14

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics

Standard Practice for Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics

ABSTRACT
This practice covers the basic test procedures for the determination of the physical properties and the reporting of data for high-density rigid cellular plastics. Samples shall be prepared by either processing samples directly into proper size specimens, or by preparing samples from larger sections as specified in each individual test. Since cellular plastics are often nonuniform in density distribution, a minimum of five specimens shall, therefore, be tested per testing method to obtain representative values. The test methods covered here are to examine the following material properties: apparent density; compressive strength; tensile properties; coefficient of linear thermal expansion; apparent flexural properties; deflection temperature; dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength; thermal conductivity; and water absorption rate.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the basic test procedures for determination of the physical properties and reporting of data for high-density rigid cellular plastics.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—This standard and ISO 9054 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2014
ICS
83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.22 - Cellular Materials - Plastics and Elastomers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3748-09 - Standard Practice for Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics
Effective Date
01-Mar-2014
Replaced By
ASTM D3748-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3748 − 14
Standard Practice for
1
Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D790Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.1 This practice covers the basic test procedures for deter-
als
mination of the physical properties and reporting of data for
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
high-density rigid cellular plastics.
D1622Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Plastics
standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions:
3 3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 high density—greater than 320 kg/m (0.32 g/cm)or
3
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
20 lb/ft apparent density.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in this practice,
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO9054 address the same subject matter,
refer to Terminology D883.
but differ in technical content.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 This practice provides appropriate testing methods, and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
a specific data reporting procedure for high-density rigid
C177Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
cellular plastics.
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
5. Sample Preparation
C518Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
5.1 Prepare samples in one of two ways:
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
(a)process samples directly into proper size specimens, or
D149Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
(b)prepare samples from larger sections as specified in
DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
each individual test.
at Commercial Power Frequencies
5.2 Report the precise manner of sample preparation.
D570Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
6. Conditioning
D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics 6.1 Condition specimens prior to testing in accordance with
Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position Procedure A of Practice D618.
D695Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
7. Number of Test Specimens
Plastics
D696TestMethodforCoefficientofLinearThermalExpan-
7.1 Cellular plastics are often nonuniform in density distri-
sion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous
bution; therefore, a minimum of five specimens needs to be
Silica Dilatometer
tested per testing method to obtain representative values.
8. Test Methods
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsand
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials - Plastics
8.1 Wheretechnicallysuitable,referenceismadetoexisting
and Elastomers.
ASTM test methods. Otherwise, comments or changes are
Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally
outlined in accordance with this practice.
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3748 − 09 D3748 − 14
Standard Practice for
1
Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the basic test procedures for determination of the physical properties and reporting of data for
high-density rigid cellular plastics.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 9054 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
D695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica
Dilatometer
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 cellular plastics—plastics containing numerous small cavities (cells), interconnecting or not, distributed throughout the
mass. These cells cannot be mechanically assembled, but are produced through the “in situ” plastics processing methods.
3 3 3
3.1.1 high density—greater than 320 kg/m (0.32 g/cm ) or 20 lb/ft apparent density.
3.1.3 skin—a relatively dense layer at the surface of a cellular polymeric material.
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D883.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice provides appropriate testing methods, and a specific data reporting procedure for high-density rigid cellular
plastics.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials - Plastics and
Elastomers.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009March 1, 2014. Published February 2009March 2014. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20032009
as D3748 – 03.D3748 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/D3748-09.10.1520/D3748-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM Web Site, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM web site.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3748 − 14
5. Sample Preparation
5.1 Prepare samples in one of two ways:
(a) process samples directly into proper size specimens, or
(b) prepare samples from larger sections as specified in each individual test.
5.2 Report the precise manner of sample preparation.
6. Conditioning
6.1 Condition specimens prior to testing in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618.
7. Number of Test Specimens
7.1 Cellular plastics are often nonuniform in density distribution; therefore, a minimum of five specimens needs to be tested per
testing method to obtain representative values.
8. Test Methods
8.1 Where technically suitable, reference is made to existing ASTM test methods. Otherwise, comments or changes are outlined
in accordance with this practice.
8.2 Apparent De
...

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1.2 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10, are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11 of this classification system. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Although this classification system and ISO 20568-1 and ISO 20568-2 differ in approach or detail, data obtained using either are technically equivalent.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4878-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Viscosity of Polyols

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are suitable for research or as quality control or specification tests.  
4.2 Viscosity measures the resistance of a fluid to uniformly continuous flow without turbulence or other forces.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods (A and B) determine the viscosity of polyols in the range from 10 to 100 000 mPa·s(cP) at 25°C. Test Method A is a rotational procedure for determining dynamic viscosity. Test Method B is a general procedure for kinematic viscosity of transparent polyols. (See Note 1.)  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Other equivalent units are provided because of current common usage.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Test Method A is equivalent to ISO 3219. Test Method B is equivalent to ISO 3104.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off