ASTM D4037-02(2008)
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics
Standard Performance Specification for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1.
It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced with an almost infinite number of construction variables (for example, type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finishes). Additionally, fashion or aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1.
Hence, no single performance specification can possibly apply to all the various fabrics that could be utilized for this end-use.
The uses and significance of particular properties and test emthods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
Note—Class for colorfastness and DP rating is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change, color transfer, or wrinkle to 1 for very severe color change, color transfer, or wrinkle. The numerical rating in Table 1 or a higher numerical rating is acceptable. Characteristic Requirements Section Woven Knit Breaking strength force (load)25 lbf (111 N) min. . . 5.1 Bursting strength. . .35 psi (241 kPa) min 5.2 Tear strength1.5 lbf (6.7 N) min 5.3 Dimensional change: Laundering and dry cleaning (each direction): 5.4.1–5.4.2 5.4.2 Tailored type±3.5 % max±5.0 % max Throw type±5.0 % max±5.0 % max 5.5.2.1 Fabric appearance (durable press)SA3.5 minSA 3.5 min Retention of hand, character, and appearanceNo significant changeNo significant change 5.6 Durability of back coatingNo significant changesNo significant change 5.7 Colorfastness to: Laundering: 5.8.1 Shade changeGrade 4 minAGrade 4 minA StainingGrade 3 minBGrade 3 minB Bleaching 5.8.2 Sodium hypochloriteGrade 4 minAGrade 4 minA Non-chlorineGrade 4 minAGrade 4 minA Drycleaning: 5.8.3 Shade changeGrade 4 minAGrade 4 minA Burnt gas fumes (two cycles) Shade change 5...
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for woven, knitted, or flocked fabrics to be used in the manufacturing of bedspreads.
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4037 −02(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4037; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
61 Colorfastness to Laundering, Home and Commercial:
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance
Accelerated
requirements for woven, knitted, or flocked fabrics to be used
96 Dimensional Changes in Laundering of Woven and
in the manufacturing of bedspreads.
Knitted Textiles Except Wool
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
Method
nent.
124 Appearance of Fabrics After Repeated Home Launder-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ings
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 132 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- of Woven or Knit Fabrics
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
172 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laun-
dering
2. Referenced Documents
188 Colorfastness to Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach in Home
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Laundering
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
Evaluation Procedure 2 Gray Scale for Staining
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
EvaluationProcedure 8 AATCC9–StepChromaticTransfer-
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
ence Scale
Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test
D2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated
methods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
Apparel Fabrics
D3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile
3. Terminology
Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
3.1 Definitions:
D3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—
3.1.1 bedspread—a type of bedcovering that is placed over
Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
the blankets and sheets for appearance and warmth.
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
3.2 For definitions of textile terms used in this specification,
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
3 refer to the individual ASTM andAATCC test methods and to
2.2 AATCC Methods:
Terminology D123.
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
16 Colorfastness to Light
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
requirements listed in Table 1.
Furnishings.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
4.2 It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4037 – 02. DOI:
with an almost infinite number of construction variables (for
10.1520/D4037-02R08.
example, type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical fin-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ishes). Additionally, fashion or aesthetics dictate that the
the ASTM website.
ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table
(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
www.aatcc.org. 1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4037−02 (2008)
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
NOTE 1—Class for colorfastness and DP rating is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change, color transfer, or wrinkle to 1 for
very severe color change, color transfer, or wrinkle. The numerical rating in Table 1 or a higher numerical rating is acceptable.
Requirements
Characteristic Section
Woven Knit
Breaking strength force (load) 25 lbf (111 N) min . . . 5.1
Bursting strength . . . 35 psi (241 kPa) min 5.2
Tear strength 1.5 lbf (6.7 N) min 5.3
Dimensional change:
Laundering and dry cleaning (each direction): 5.4.1–5.4.2
5.4.2
Tailored type ±3.5 % max ±5.0 % max
Throw type ±5.0 % max ±5.0 % max
5.5.2.1
Fabric appearance (durable press) SA3.5 min SA 3.5 min
Retention of hand, character, and appearance No significant change No significant change 5.6
Durability of back coating No significant changes No significant change 5.7
Colorfastness to:
Laundering: 5.8.1
A A
Shade change Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
B B
Staining Grade 3 min Grade 3 min
Bleaching 5.8.2
A A
Sodium hypochlorite Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
A A
Non-chlorine Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Drycleaning: 5.8.3
A A
Shade change Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Burnt gas fumes (two cycles)
Shade change 5.8.4
A A
Original Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
A A
After one laundering or one dry cleaning Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Crocking: 5.8.5
C C
Dry Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
C C
Wet Grade3min Grade 3 min
A A
Light (20 AATCC standard fading units) Step- 4 min Step- 4 min 5.8.6
Flammability Pass Pass 5.9
A
AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.
B
AATCC Gray Scale for Staining.
C
AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale.
NOTE 3—Care should be taken to subtract the tare diaphragm pressure
4.2.1 Hence, no single performance specification can possi-
from the gross pressure to obtain actual bursting strength of fabric when
blyapplytoallthevariousfabricsthatcouldbeutilizedforthis
using the diaphragm bursting tester. Calibrate the equipment according to
end-use.
the manufacturer’s instruction before using. Since there is no overall
4.3 The uses and significance of particular properties and
correlation between the results obtained with the CRT machine equipped
with a bursting attachment and the diaphragm bursting tester, these two
test emthods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the
burstingtesterscannotbeu
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4037–95 (Reapproved 2001) Designation: D 4037 – 02 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspread Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4037; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This performance specification covers the performance requirements for woven, knitted, or flocked fabrics to be used in the
manufacturing of bedspreads.
1.2 These requirements apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1336Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in Woven Fabrics
D 1424 Test Method for Tear ResistanceTearing Strength of Woven Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum Type (Elmendorf)Apparatus
D1682Test Methods for Breaking Load and Elongation of Textile Fabrics
D2262Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse
Tensile Testing Machine) 2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure
(Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
D 2724Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated Apparel Fabrics
D2905Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens forTextiles Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and LaminatedApparel
Fabrics
D 3786Test Method for Hydraulic Bursting Strength of Knitted Goods and Nonwoven Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength
Tester Method Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
D 3787Test Method for Bursting Strength of Knitted Goods—Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test Test Method
for Bursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
2.2 AATCC Methods:
8-19778 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
16-1977
16 Colorfastness to Light
23-1975
23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
61-1975Colorfastness to Washing, Domestic and Laundering, Commercial:Accelerated 61 Colorfastness to Laundering, Home
and Commercial: Accelerated
96-1975
96 Dimensional Changes in Laundering of Woven and Knitted Textiles Except Wool
116-1977116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter Method
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home Furnishings.
´1
Current edition approved May 15, 1995. Published July 1995. Originally published as D4037–81. Last previous edition D4037–81(1990) .
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
Furnishings .
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4037 – 02.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 07.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://www.aatcc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 4037 – 02 (2008)
124-1978Appearance of Durable Press FabricsAfter Repeated Home Launderings 124 Appearance of FabricsAfter Repeated
Home Launderings
132-1976132 Colorfastness to Drycleaning
135-1978Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering of Woven or Knit Fabrics 135 Dimensional Changes in
Automatic Home Laundering of Woven or Knit Fabrics
172 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laundering
188 Colorfastness to Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach in Home Laundering
Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
Evaluation Procedure 2 Gray Scale for Staining
Evaluation Procedure 38 AATCC 9–Step Chromatic Transference Scale
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the permanent part of the designation ofASTM,AATCC, or other test methods.The
current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definition:
3.1.1 bedspread—a type of bedcovering that is placed over the blankets and sheets for appearance and warmth.
3.2For definitions of textile terms used in this specification, refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC test methods and to
Terminology D123.
4.Specification Requirements
4.1The properties of woven, knitted, or flocked bedspread fabrics shall conform to the specification requirements in Table 1
3.2 For definitions of textile terms used in this specification, refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC test methods and to
Terminology D 123.
5.
4. Significance and Use
5.1Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the
requirements listed in
4.1 Fabrics intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1.
5.2It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find
acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in
4.2 It should be recognized that fabrics can be produced with an almost infinite number of construction variables (for example,
type of fibers, percentage of fibers, yarn twist, yarn number, warp and pick count, chemical and mechanical finishes).Additionally,
fashion or aesthetics dictate that the ultimate consumer may find acceptable articles made from fabrics that do not conform to all
of the requirements inTable 1.Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed inTable 1 may be modified by mutual agreement
between the purchaser and the seller.
5.2.1In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meetsASTM Specification D4037 except
for the following characteristic(s).”
5.3Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of controversy, the
requirements listed inTable 1 are intended to be used as a guide only.As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying
performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.
5.4The significance and uses of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified
test methods.
6.Sampling
6.1Perform tests on the fabric as it will reach the user.
6.2Unless otherwise agreed upon, as when specified in an applicable material specification, take the number of specimens
directed in each of the applicable test methods.
6.2.1If there has been no prior agreement and the test method does not specify the number of specimens, use the procedures in
PracticeD2905todeterminethenumberofspecimens,suchthattheusermayexpectatthe95%probabilitylevelthatthetestresult
is not more than 5% of the average above or below the lot average (that is, the average that would be obtained by applying this
method to the entire lot) when using a reliable estimate of variability of individual observations on similar materials in the user’s
laboratory under conditions of single-operator precision.
7.Test Methods
7.1Breaking Strength (load) (woven fabrics only)— Determine the breaking strength (load), as directed in the grab test of Test
Methods D1682 using a constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testing machine with the speed of the pulling jaw at 305 6 13 mm
(12 6 0.5 in.)/min. .
D 4037 – 02 (2008)
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
NOTE 1—Class for colorfastness and DP rating is based on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change, color transfer, or wrinkle to 1 for
very severe color change, color transfer, or wrinkle. The numerical rating in Table 1 or a higher numerical rating is acceptable.
Requirements
Characteristic Section
Woven Knit
Breaking strength (load) 25 lbf (111 N) min . 7.1
Breaking strength force (load) 25 lbf (111 N) min . 5.1
Bursting strength . 35 psi (241 kPa) min 7.2
Bursting strength . 35 psi (241 kPa) min 5.2
Tear strength 1.5 lbf (6.7 N) min 7.3
Tear strength 1.5 lbf (6.7 N) min 5.3
Dimensional change:
Laundering and dry cleaning (each direction): 7.4.1–
Laundering and dry cleaning (each direction): 5.4.1– 5.4.2
7.4.2
5.4.2
Tailored type 3.5 % max 5.0 % max
Tailored type 63.5 % max 65.0 % max
Throw type 5.0 % max 5.0 % max
Throw type 65.0 % max 65.0 % max
Durable press 7.5–
7.5.2.1
5.5.2.1
Fabric appearancerating DP3.5 min DP 3.5 min
Fabric appearance (durable press) SA3.5 min SA 3.5 min
Retention of hand, character, and appearance Pa ss Pa ss 7.6
Retention of hand, character, and appearance No significant change No significant change 5.6
Durability of back coating Pa ss Pa ss 7.7
Durability of back coating No significant changes No significant change 5.7
Colorfastness to:
Laundering: 7.8.1
Laundering: 5.8.1
A A
Shade change Class 4 min Class 4 min
A A
Shade change Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
B B
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min
B B
Staining Grade 3 min Grade 3 min
Drycleaning:5.8.2
Bleaching Drycleaning:5.8.2
Sodium hypochlorite
A A
Sodium hypochlorite Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
A A
Non-chlorine Grade 4 min Grade 4 min
Drycleaning: 7.8.2
Dry
...
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