ASTM D3453-96

Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials-Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible cellular urethane materials intended for such uses as inserts for furniture cushions, mattresses, and similar applications.  
1.2 This specification provides material and dimensional requirements and methods of tests for specific properties of load bearing, compression set, humid age resistance, and dynamic fatigue resistance.  
1.3 This specification includes references to government regulations for burning characteristics of flexible cellular material used in specified applications.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note--There is no equivalent ISO standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2001
• ICS: 83.100 - Cellular materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.22 - Cellular Materials - Plastics and Elastomers

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3453-01 - Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials-Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1968-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3453 – 96
Standard Specification for
Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and
Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3453; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope DOT Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25.853, Para-
graph (b), and Appendix F
1.1 This specification covers flexible cellular urethane ma-
Simplified Practice Recommendations R2-62 Bedding
terials intended for such uses as inserts for furniture cushions,
Products and Components (Mattresses, Springs, Bed-
mattresses, and similar applications.
steads, and Cots)
1.2 This specification provides material and dimensional
requirements and methods of tests for specific properties of
3. Classification
load bearing, compression set, humid age resistance, and
3.1 This specification covers six grades of flexible cellular
dynamic fatigue resistance.
material that may be selected for use according to load bearing
1.3 This specification includes references to government
and general physical properties, Table 1; four grades based on
regulations for burning characteristics of flexible cellular
dynamic fatigue properties, Table 2; three grades based on
material used in specified applications.
static fatigue properties, Table 3.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Basis of Purchase
only.
4.1 Any product represented as complying with this speci-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fication shall meet all the requirements listed herein for its
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
particular classification.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Burning Characteristics
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Table 4 lists applicable government regulations on
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.
burning characteristics of material used in specified applica-
tions.
2. Referenced Documents
6. Dimensions
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab,
6.1 For Use as Mattress Inserts:
Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams
6.1.1 Sizes—The standard thickness and tolerance are speci-
D 3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible
fied in Table 5. These sizes have been adopted for mattress
Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
inserts to coordinate the insert with mattress ticking and other
2.2 Other Documents:
bed constructions. The other dimensions are specified in Table
CFR Title 16, Part 1632, (Previously DoC FF4-72), Stan-
7A of Simplified Practice Recommendations R2-62.
dard for the Flammability of Mattresses
6.1.2 For Use as Furniture Cushion Inserts—The allowable
DOT MVSS 302 DoT Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
tolerances on dimensions of furniture cushion inserts shall be
as shown in Table 6.
7. Test Methods
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Plastics
7.1 The physical tests shall be in accordance with Test
and Elastomers.
Methods D 3574.
Current edition approved July 10, 1996. Published September 1996. Originally
published as D 3453 – 76. Last previous edition D 3453 – 91.
8. Physical Requirements
Modifications to the current edition include the following: addition of a safety
caveat and ISO equivalency statement to the scope, correction of title changes in
8.1 The material shall conform to the requirements for
referenced documents, additions to keywords, and better test method references in
the tables.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.
3 4
Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Available from the Clearing House for Federal Scientific and Technical
Office, Washington, DC 20402. Information, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22151.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3453
TABLE 1 Specific Physical Properties of Flexible Cellular Material
Grade Number Moisture Resistance
25 % Indentation Force Compression (comp)
Indentation Force Ratio
A B
B
Deflection (IFD) Values, Set After 90 %
Compression Force Compression Set After
65 %/25 %, min
SI, N Inch-Pound, lbf
N (lbf) Deflection, % max
Deflection Loss, % max Deflection, % max
196 44 196 6 18 (44 6 4) 1.9 15 20 20
151 34 151 6 14 (34 6 3) 1.9 15 20 20
120 27 120 6 14 (27 6 3) 1.9 15 20 20
93 21 93 6 14 (21 6 3) 1.9 15 20 20
67 15 67 6 14 (15 6 3) 1.8 20 20 25
40 9 40 6 14 (9 6 3) 1.8 25 — 30
C
Test method sections B1 B1 D J1,C J1,D
D
Specimen size, mm (in.) 380 3 380 3 100 380 3 380 3 100 50 3 50 3 25 50 3 50 3 25 50 3 50 3 25
(15 3 15 3 4) (15 3 15 3 4) (2 3 2 3 1) (2 3 2 3 1) (2 3 2 3 1)
A
Tolerances have been established to provide for grade designations. Closer tolerances, when desirable for specific applications, may be agreed upon between the
purchaser and the seller.
B
To be expressed as a percent of the original thickness.
C
See Section 7 for an explanation of the test methods referenced.
D
See 9.3 when indicated specimen sizes are not available.
TABLE 2 Dynamic Fatigue Performance Grades TABLE 5 Thickness and Tolerance for Mattress Inserts
A
Grade Description TLN Nominal Thickness Plus Minus
mm in. mm in. mm in.
AD Heavy-duty use 30, max
3 1
100 4 4.8 ⁄16 1.6 ⁄16
BD Normal-duty use 31 to 50
3 1
125 5 4.8 ⁄16 1.6 ⁄16
CD Light-duty
...