ASTM C97/C97M-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone
Standard Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are useful in indicating the differences in absorption between the various dimension stones. These test methods also provide one element in comparing stones of the same type.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the tests for determining the absorption and bulk specific gravity of all types of dimension stone, except slate.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C97/C97M −09
StandardTest Methods for
1
Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C97/C97M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ofthequalitysuppliedtothemarketunderthetypedesignation
to be tested. The sample may be selected by the purchaser or
1.1 These test methods cover the tests for determining the
his authorized representative from the quarried stone or taken
absorption and bulk specific gravity of all types of dimension
from the natural ledge and shall be of adequate size to permit
stone, except slate.
the preparation of at least five test specimens. When percep-
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
tible variations occur, the purchaser may select as many
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
samples as are necessary for determining the range in proper-
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
ties.
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
6. Test Specimens
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
conformance with the standard.
6.1 The specimens may be cubes, prisms, cylinders, or any
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety regular form with least dimension not under 2 in. [50 mm] and
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility greatest dimension not over 3 in. [75 mm] but the ratio of
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and volume to surface area shall not be less than 0.3 nor greater
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory than0.5whenmeasuringininches[8and12.5whenmeasuring
limitations prior to use. in millimetres]. All surfaces shall be reasonably smooth. Saw
or core drill surfaces are considered satisfactory, but rougher
2. Referenced Documents
surfaces shall be finished with No. 80 abrasive. No chisels or
2
similar tools shall be used at any stage of preparing the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specimens.
C119Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
6.2 Prepare at least five specimens from each sample.
3. Terminology
6.3 The same specimens may be used to determine both
3.1 Definitions—All definitions are in accordance with Ter-
water absorption and bulk specific gravity. In this case, follow
minology C119.
the procedures in 7.1 – 7.3 and 10.1, and issue a single report
containing all information required in 9 and 13. Alternatively,
4. Significance and Use
separatespecimensmaybepreparedfromthesameordifferent
4.1 These test methods are useful in indicating the differ-
samples. In this case, follow the applicable procedure for
ences in absorption between the various dimension stones.
separate determination and reporting of water absorption or
These test methods also provide one element in comparing
bulk specific gravity, or both.
stones of the same type.
7. Procedure
5. Sampling
7.1 Dry the specimens for 48 h in a ventilated oven at a
5.1 The sample shall be selected to represent a true average
temperature of 140 6 4°F [60 6 2°C]. At the 46th, 47th, and
of the type or grade of stone under consideration and shall be
48th hour, weigh the specimens to ensure that the weight is the
same. If the weight continues to drop, continue to dry the
specimensuntiltherearethreesuccessivehourlyreadingswith
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
the same weight.
Dimension Stone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test
Methods.
7.2 After drying, cool the specimens in the room for 30 min
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
and weigh. When the specimens cannot be weighed immedi-
approved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C97–02(2008). DOI:
ately after cooling, store them in a desiccator. Determine the
10.1520/C0097_C0097M-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or weights to the nearest 0.0005 oz [0.01 g].
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.3 Immerse the specimens completely in filtered or dis-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tilledwaterat72 64°F[22 62°C]for48h.Attheendofthis
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C97/C97M−09
period remove them from the water bath one at a time, surface
dry with a damp cloth, and weigh to the nearest 0.0005 oz
[0.01g].
8. Calculation and Report
8.1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C97–02 (Reapproved 2008) Designation: C 97/C 97M – 09
Standard Test Methods for
1
Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 97/C 97M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the tests for determining the absorption and bulk specific gravity of all types of dimension stone,
except slate.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—All definitions are in accordance with Terminology C 119.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods are useful in indicating the differences in absorption between the various dimension stones. These test
methods also provide one element in comparing stones of the same type.
5. Sampling
5.1 The sample shall be selected to represent a true average of the type or grade of stone under consideration and shall be of
the quality supplied to the market under the type designation to be tested. The sample may be selected by the purchaser or his
authorized representative from the quarried stone or taken from the natural ledge and shall be of adequate size to permit the
preparation of at least five test specimens. When perceptible variations occur, the purchaser may select as many samples as are
necessary for determining the range in properties.
6. Test Specimens
6.1 The specimens may be cubes, prisms, cylinders, or any regular form with least dimension not under 50 mm (2 in.)2 in. [50
mm] and greatest dimension not over 75 mm (3 in.)3 in. [75 mm] but the ratio of volume to surface area shall not be less than
80.3 nor greater than 12.50.5 when measuring in millimetres (0.3inches [8 and 0.512.5 when measuring in inches).millimetres].
All surfaces shall be reasonably smooth. Saw or core drill surfaces are considered satisfactory, but rougher surfaces shall be
finished with No. 80 abrasive. No chisels or similar tools shall be used at any stage of preparing the specimens.
6.2 Prepare at least five specimens from each sample.
6.3 The same specimens may be used to determine both water absorption and bulk specific gravity. In this case, follow the
procedures in 7.1-7.3 and 10.1, and issue a single report containing all information required in 9 and 13. Alternatively, separate
specimens may be prepared from the same or different samples. In this case, follow the applicable procedure for separate
determination and reporting of water absorption or bulk specific gravity, or both.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Oct.April 1, 2008.2009. Published December 2008.April 2009. Originally approved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
C97–02.C 97–02(2008).
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 97/C 97M – 09
7. Procedure
7.1 Dry the specimens for 48 h in a ventilated oven at a temperature of 60140 6 2°C (1404°F [60 6 4°F).2°C]. At the 46th,
47th, and 48th hour, weigh the specimens to ensure that the weight is the same. If the weight continues to drop, continue to dry
the specimens until there are three successive hou
...
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