ASTM C241/C241M-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful in indicating the differences in abrasion resistance between various building stones. This test method also provides one element in comparing stones of the same type.
Note 1: Test Method C1353/C1353M is an alternative method to evaluate abrasion resistance for stone subjected to foot traffic, but is not applicable for hard and coarse-grained stones such as granite. Preliminary assessments by Subcommittee C18.03 indicate it results in similar Ha values as established by this method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of abrasion resistance of all types of stones for floors, steps, and similar uses where the wear is caused by foot traffic.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The formula for calculation of the result of this test method relies on the use of SI units; all measurements of weight in this test method shall be recorded in SI units. See 10.1 and 11.1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C241/C241M − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C241/C241M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Dimension Stone Subjected to FootTraffic Using a Rotary
Platform Abraser
1.1 This test method covers the determination of abrasion
C1799/C1799M Guide to Dimension Stone Test Specimen
resistance of all types of stones for floors, steps, and similar
Sampling and Preparation
uses where the wear is caused by foot traffic.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3. Terminology
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1 Definitions—All definitions are in accordance with Ter-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
minology C119.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
4. Summary of Test Method
with the standard.
4.1 Three stone specimens are mounted in rotating speci-
1.2.1 Exception—The formula for calculation of the result
men holders. While the grinding lap and the specimen rotate, a
of this test method relies on the use of SI units; all measure-
loose abrasive grit flows onto the grinding lap to abrade the
ments of weight in this test method shall be recorded in SI
bottom of the specimens. Each specimen supports a load of 4.4
units. See 10.1 and 11.1.
lb [2000 g], which includes the weight of the specimen holder,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
but not the specimen itself. The abrasion resistance index,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
which is proportional to the volume abraded, is calculated for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
each specimen using the average weight (before and after
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
abrading), the weight loss, and the apparent density.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Thistestmethodisusefulinindicatingthedifferencesin
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
abrasion resistance between various building stones. This test
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
method also provides one element in comparing stones of the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
same type.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
NOTE 1—Test Method C1353/C1353M is an alternative method to
evaluate abrasion resistance for stone subjected to foot traffic, but is not
2. Referenced Documents
applicable for hard and coarse-grained stones such as granite. Preliminary
2
assessments by Subcommittee C18.03 indicate it results in similar H
2.1 ASTM Standards:
a
values as established by this method.
C97/C97M Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific
Gravity of Dimension Stone
6. Apparatus
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
6.1 The abrasion testing apparatus shall consist of the
C1353/C1353M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of
elements described in 6.1.1 to 6.1.6 (see Fig. 1).
6.1.1 A power-driven grinding lap, A, which is 10 in. [250
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
mm] in diameter and revolves at a speed of 45 r/min.
Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test
Connected to the grinding lap shall be a vertical center drive
Methods.
shaft that includes a gear to drive three shafts with specimen
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2021. Published December 2021. Originally
ɛ1
holders;
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C241–15 . DOI:
10.1520/C0241_C0241M-21.
6.1.2 Three shafts, that are located 3 in. [76 mm] rad at 120°
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
from the center drive shaft; can move vertically and include:
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1.2.1 A detachable specimen holder, B, to secure test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. specimens as specified in 8.1;
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C241/C241M − 20 C241/C241M − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C241/C241M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of abrasion resistance of all types of stones for floors, steps, and similar uses where
the wear is caused by foot traffic.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The formula for calculation of the result of this test method relies on the use of SI units; all measurements of
weight in this test method shall be recorded in SI units. See 10.1 and 11.1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C97/C97M Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone
C119 Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
C1353/C1353M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform
Abraser
C1799/C1799M Guide to Dimension Stone Test Specimen Sampling and Preparation
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—All definitions are in accordance with Terminology C119.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Three stone specimens are mounted in a holder that rotates in the same direction as the grinding lap, but at a different speed.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020Nov. 15, 2021. Published December 2020December 2021. Originally approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
ɛ1
C241–15 . DOI: 10.1520/C0241_C0241M-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C241/C241M − 21
rotating specimen holders. While the grinding lap and the specimen rotate, a loose abrasive grit flows onto the grinding lap to
abrade the bottom of the specimens. Each specimen supports a load of 4.4 lb [2000 g], which includes the weight of the specimen
holder, but not the specimen itself. The abrasion resistance index, which is proportional to the volume abraded, is calculated for
each specimen using the average weight (before and after abrading), the weight loss, and the apparent density.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is useful in indicating the differences in abrasion resistance between various building stones. This test method
also provides one element in comparing stones of the same type.
NOTE 1—Test Method C1353/C1353M is an alternative method to evaluate abrasion resistance for stone subjected to foot traffic, but is not applicable for
hard and coarse-grained stones such as granite. Preliminary assessments by Subcommittee C18.03 indicate it results in similar H values as established
a
by this method.
6. Apparatus
6.1 The abrasion testing apparatus shall consist of the elements described in 6.1.1 to 6.1.6 (see Fig. 1).
6.1.1
...
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