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ASTM E3227-20

(Practice)

Standard Test Practice for Qualitative Assessment of Antifungal Activity on Textiles

Standard Test Practice for Qualitative Assessment of Antifungal Activity on Textiles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Textiles are often treated with antimicrobial agents to reduce the growth of odor-causing organisms during use, in storage, or while waiting to be laundered, or both . Additionally, antimicrobial agents are used to reduce or control microbial growth on the textile that may affect the material’s visual, chemical or physical integrity, or both.  
3.2 Anti-fungal test methods that measure antimicrobial behavior on treated textiles or other porous or non-porous substrates do exist (Guide E3152, Test Method E2722, AATCC TM30), but they were developed for either specific types of antimicrobial agents or put under unrealistic conditions such that other agents are disadvantaged or end-use conditions exaggerated.  
3.3 This test practice is designed to measure relative antimicrobial activity of all common antimicrobial agents used to treat porous materials such as textiles without positive or negative bias for one type of chemistry or product over another. The practice is designed to more closely simulate conditions that might be experienced in the actual end-use of the porous treated materials (for example, low initial fungal spore exposure and limited available nutrients but with ideal conditions to grow). This practice is designed to demonstrate a significant reduction in visible surface fungal growth on a porous treated material (such as textiles) relative to an identical untreated control.
SCOPE
1.1 This test practice determines the relative fungal growth inhibition properties of materials treated with an active biocidal agent. Samples of porous treated materials, such as textiles, are inoculated with a defined suspension of fungal conidia or spores and then incubated. The inhibition of growth or visible growth present on treated compared with identical untreated materials is used to measure relative antifungal properties of the treated identical materials.  
1.2 This test practice must be performed by individuals experienced and adept in microbiological procedures and in facilities suitable for the handling of the species under test.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2020
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents
Drafting Committee
E35.15 - Antimicrobial Agents
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM E3227-20 - Standard Test Practice for Qualitative Assessment of Antifungal Activity on TextilesASTM E3227-20 - Standard Test Practice for Qualitative Assessment of Antifungal Activity on Textiles
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ASTM E3227-20 - Standard Test Practice for Qualitative Assessment of Antifungal Activity on Textiles
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3227 − 20
Standard Test Practice for
1
Qualitative Assessment of Antifungal Activity on Textiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 AATCC Standard:
AATCC Test Method 30– Antifungal Activity, Assessment
1.1 This test practice determines the relative fungal growth
on Textile Materials: Mildew and Rot Resistance of
inhibitionpropertiesofmaterialstreatedwithanactivebiocidal
Textile Materials
agent.Samplesofporoustreatedmaterials,suchastextiles,are
inoculated with a defined suspension of fungal conidia or
3. Significance and Use
spores and then incubated. The inhibition of growth or visible
3.1 Textiles are often treated with antimicrobial agents to
growth present on treated compared with identical untreated
reduce the growth of odor-causing organisms during use, in
materials is used to measure relative antifungal properties of
storage, or while waiting to be laundered, or both .
the treated identical materials.
Additionally,antimicrobialagentsareusedtoreduceorcontrol
1.2 This test practice must be performed by individuals microbial growth on the textile that may affect the material’s
visual, chemical or physical integrity, or both.
experienced and adept in microbiological procedures and in
facilities suitable for the handling of the species under test.
3.2 Anti-fungal test methods that measure antimicrobial
behavior on treated textiles or other porous or non-porous
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
substratesdoexist(GuideE3152,TestMethodE2722,AATCC
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
TM30), but they were developed for either specific types of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
antimicrobial agents or put under unrealistic conditions such
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
that other agents are disadvantaged or end-use conditions
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
exaggerated.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.3 This test practice is designed to measure relative anti-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
microbial activity of all common antimicrobial agents used to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
treat porous materials such as textiles without positive or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
negativebiasforonetypeofchemistryorproductoveranother.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
The practice is designed to more closely simulate conditions
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
that might be experienced in the actual end-use of the porous
treated materials (for example, low initial fungal spore expo-
2. Referenced Documents
sureandlimitedavailablenutrientsbutwithidealconditionsto
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
grow). This practice is designed to demonstrate a significant
E2722Test Method for Using Seeded-Agar for the Screen-
reduction in visible surface fungal growth on a porous treated
ing Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity in Fabric and
material (such as textiles) relative to an identical untreated
Air Filter Media
control.
E3152GuideforStandardTestMethodsandPracticesAvail-
able for Determining Antifungal Activity on Natural or 4. Summary of Practice
Synthetic Substrates Treated with Antimicrobial Agents
4.1 This test practice outlines a procedure for (1) preparing
a suitable specimen for testing, (2) inoculating the specimen
with the proper fungal species, (3) exposing the inoculated
1
This test practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on samples under the appropriate conditions for growth, and (4)
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct
providing a schedule and guideline for visually rating growth.
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents.
This test practice is not designed to include all the procedures
CurrenteditionapprovedDec.1,2020.PublishedFebruary2021.DOI:10.1520/
E3227–20
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215, http://
...

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion also is affected greatly by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension on the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
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5.3 Pills vary appreciably in size and appearance and de...
SCOPE
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