ASTM E2225-23

Standard Guide for Forensic Examination of Fabrics and Cordage

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The construction, composition, and color of textiles contain useful comparative characteristics for forensic examinations. Textiles are observed in a variety of constructions: woven, knit, nonwoven, or in combination. The range of colors in which textiles are offered in the marketplace is vast and constantly changing due to styles and seasons.  
5.2 A complete characterization of the fabrics, including their construction, and other materials used in the assemblage of a textile (for example, sewing thread) is a critical component of a comprehensive forensic fabric or cordage examination.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist individuals and laboratories that conduct examinations of fabrics and cordage for the purposes of analyzing and comparing types of fabric, cordage and damage. A complete characterization of the fabrics, including their construction and other materials used in the assemblage of a textile (for example, sewing thread), is a critical component of a comprehensive forensic fabric or cordage examination.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic case work  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2023
• ICS: 07.140 - Forensic science
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: E30 - Forensic Sciences
• Drafting Committee: E30.01 - Criminalistics

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2225 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
Forensic Examination of Fabrics and Cordage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2225; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
Documentation
1.1 This guide is intended to assist individuals and labora-
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
tories that conduct examinations of fabrics and cordage for the
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
purposes of analyzing and comparing types of fabric, cordage
E2224 Guide for Forensic Analysis of Fibers by Infrared
and damage. A complete characterization of the fabrics, includ-
Spectroscopy
ing their construction and other materials used in the assem-
E2227 Guide for Forensic Examination of Non-Reactive
blage of a textile (for example, sewing thread), is a critical
Dyes in Textile Fibers by Thin-Layer Chromatography
component of a comprehensive forensic fabric or cordage
3
(Withdrawn 2022)
examination.
E2228 Guide for Microscopical Examination of Textile Fi-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
bers
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
E2917 Practice for Forensic Science Practitioner Training,
standard.
Continuing Education, and Professional Development
Programs
1.3 This standard is intended for use by competent forensic
4
science practitioners with the requisite formal education,
2.2 AATCC Standards:
discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917), and demon-
AATCC Test Method 20: Qualitative Test Method 20–2007
strated proficiency to perform forensic case work
Fiber Analysis: Qualitative
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.3 Other Documents:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5
ISO 17025 Testing and calibration laboratories
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3. Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
refer to Terminology D123.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.1 braid, n—the intertwining of strands in a braiding
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
process to produce a rope structure.
6
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
(1)
3.2.2 cord, n—a twisted or formed structure composed of
2. Referenced Documents
one or more single or plied filaments, strands, or yarns of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: organic polymer or inorganic materials.
D123
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
E620 Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Tech- 3.2.2.1 Discussion—Generally, cords have a diameter less
3
than ⁄16 in.
nical Experts
1 3
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics. www.astm.org.
4
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as E2225 – 22a. DOI: (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215, http://
10.1520/E2225-23. www.aatcc.org.
2 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
the ASTM website. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2225 − 23
3.2.3 cordage, n—a collective term for twines, cords and 3.2.16 strand, n—(1) a single fiber, filament, or monofila-
ropes made from textile fibers and yarns. ment; (2) an ordered as
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2225 − 22a23
Standard Guide for
1
Forensic Examination of Fabrics and Cordage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2225; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide is intended to assist individuals and laboratories that conduct examinations of fabrics and cordage for the purposes
of analyzing and comparing types of fabric, cordage and damage. A complete characterization of the fabrics, including their
construction and other materials used in the assemblage of a textile (for example, sewing thread), is a critical component of a
comprehensive forensic fabric or cordage examination.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education,
discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic case work
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
E620 Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
E2224 Guide for Forensic Analysis of Fibers by Infrared Spectroscopy
E2227 Guide for Forensic Examination of Non-Reactive Dyes in Textile Fibers by Thin-Layer Chromatography (Withdrawn
3
2022)
E2228 Guide for Microscopical Examination of Textile Fibers
E2917 Practice for Forensic Science Practitioner Training, Continuing Education, and Professional Development Programs
4
2.2 AATCC Standards:
AATCC Test Method 20: Qualitative Test Method 20–2007 Fiber Analysis: Qualitative
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022April 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as
E2225 – 22.E2225 – 22a. DOI: 10.1520/E2225-22A.10.1520/E2225-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215, http://www.aatcc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2225 − 23
2.3 Other Documents:
5
ISO 17025 Testing and calibration laboratories
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to Terminology D123.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 braid, n—the intertwining of strands in a braiding process to produce a rope structure.
6
(1)
3.2.2 cord, n—a twisted or formed structure composed of one or more single or plied filaments, strands, or yarns of organic
polymer or inorganic materials.
D123
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
3
Generally, cords have a diameter less than ⁄16 in.
3.2.3 cordage, n—a collective term for twines, cords and ropes made from textile fibers and yarns.
(1)
3.2.4 core, n—a textile product (yarn, strand, small diameter rope, etc.) placed in the center of a rope and serving as a support for
the strands around it.
(1)
...