ASTM D2171/D2171M-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The viscosity at 60 °C [140 °F] characterizes flow behavior and may be used for specification requirements for cutback asphalt and asphalt binders.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of the apparent viscosity of asphalt binder by vacuum capillary viscometers at 60 °C [140 °F]. It is applicable to materials having viscosities in the range from 0.0036 to over 20 000 Pa·s [0.036 to over 200 000 P].
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures, but the precision is based on determinations on asphalt binders at 60 °C [140 °F].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The apparent viscosity for non-Newtonian asphalt binders varies with shear rate. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined using this test method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions of this test can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes or with different pressure heads. The defined precision limits in Section 11 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders. Test Method D4957 may be a more applicable method for testing non-Newtonian asphalts.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Designation: D2171/D2171M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2171/D2171M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with
established procedures.
1. Scope that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in
your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determina-
tion of the apparent viscosity of asphalt binder by vacuum 1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
capillary viscometers at 60 °C [140 °F]. It is applicable to that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
materials having viscosities in the range from 0.0036 to over (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
20 000 Pa·s [0.036 to over 200 000 P]. as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures, but
the precision is based on determinations on asphalt binders at 60 °C safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
[140 °F].
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 2—Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the condi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions of this test. The apparent viscosity for non-Newtonian asphalt
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
binders varies with shear rate. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a
capillary tube, the shear rate determined using this test method may be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
invalid.Thepresenceofnon-Newtonianbehaviorforthetestconditionsof
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
this test can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
having different-sized capillary tubes or with different pressure heads.The
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
defined precision limits in Section 11 may not be applicable to non-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Newtonian asphalt binders.Test Method D4957 may be a more applicable
method for testing non-Newtonian asphalts.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ments
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
with the standard.
D4957 TestMethodforApparentViscosityofAsphaltEmul-
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United
sion Residues and Non-Newtonian Asphalts by Vacuum
States Environmental ProtectionAgency (EPA) and many state
Capillary Viscometer
agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
Sieves
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
containing products. See the applicable product Material
mometers
Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for
E879 Specification for Thermistor Sensors for General Pur-
details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/
pose and Laboratory Temperature Measurements
faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-
tance Thermometers
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on
2
Rheological Tests. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2171/D2171M − 10 D2171/D2171M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2171/D2171M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with
established procedures.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of the apparent viscosity of asphalt binder (bitumen) by vacuum
capillary viscometers at 60°C [140°F].60 °C [140 °F]. It is applicable to materials having viscosities in the range from 0.0036 to
over 20 000 Pa·s [0.036 to over 200 000 P].
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures, but the precision is based on determinations on asphalt binders at 60°C [140°F].
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures, but the precision is based on determinations on asphalt binders at 60 °C [140 °F].
NOTE 2—Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this
test. The apparent viscosity for non-Newtonian asphalt binders varies with shear rate. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate
determined using this test method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions of this test can be verified by measuring
the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes or with different pressure heads. The defined precision limits in Section 11 may not
be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders. Test Method D4957 may be a more applicable method for testing non-Newtonian asphalts.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state
agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing
mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for
details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that
selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, intoin your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4957 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Asphalt Emulsion Residues and Non-Newtonian Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary
Viscometer
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on Rheological
Tests.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010Dec. 15, 2018. Published Augus
...
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