ASTM A891/A891M-16(2021)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
ABSTRACT
This specification covers precipitation hardened iron base superalloy forgings which are primarily intended for use as turbine rotor disks and wheels. Two heat treatments are covered and selection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and elevated temperature characteristics. The material shall be made by vacuum melting followed by consumable electrode vacuum arc or electroslag remelting. The forgings shall undergo the following tests: tension test, hardness test, stress rupture test, and creep test. Also, the forgings shall be subjected to non-destructive examinations like ultrasonic examination and liquid penetrant examination. The forgings shall be uniform in quality and condition, clean, sound, and free of cracks, seams, laps, shrinkage, and other injurious imperfections.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers precipitation hardening iron base superalloy forgings which are primarily intended for use as turbine rotor disks and wheels.
1.2 Two heat treatments are covered. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and elevated temperature characteristics.
1.3 All of the provisions of Specification A788/A788M, apply, except as amended herein.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A891/A891M −16 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for
Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA891/A891M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch
Tension Tests of Materials
1.1 This specification covers precipitation hardening iron
base superalloy forgings which are primarily intended for use
3. Ordering Information
as turbine rotor disks and wheels.
1.2 Two heat treatments are covered. Selection will depend 3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and the following:
elevated temperature characteristics.
3.1.1 Condition—See Section 4.
1.3 All of the provisions of Specification A788/A788M,
3.1.2 Stress Rupture Test—Parameters for material fur-
apply, except as amended herein.
nished in condition 2 of 7.3.3.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 3.1.3 Forging Drawing—Each forging shall be manufac-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in tured in accordance with a drawing furnished by the purchaser
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
showing the dimensions of the forging and the location of
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be mechanical test specimens.
used independently of the other, and values from the two
3.1.4 Include the information specified in Specification
systems shall not be combined.
A788/A788M.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Condition and Heat Treatment
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 The forgings covered in this specification may be
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ordered in two different solution treated and aged conditions:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1.1 Type 1:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1.1.1 Solution anneal at 1650 °F 6 25 °F [900 °C 6
2. Referenced Documents
14°C]for2hto5hat temperature liquid quench.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.1.1.2 Precipitation harden at 1420 °F 6 15 °F [770 °C 6
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
8 °C]for16hattemperatureaircool;1200 °F 615 °F[650 °C
quirements
6 8 °C] for 16 h at temperature air cool.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
4.1.2 Type 2:
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
4.1.2.1 Solution anneal at 1800 °F 6 25 °F [980 °C 6
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
14°C]for2hto5hat temperature liquid quench.
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
4.1.2.2 Precipitation harden at 1420 °F 6 15 °F [770 °C 6
eral Industry
8 °C]for16hattemperatureaircool;1200 °F 615 °F[650 °C
6 8 °C] for 16 h at temperature air cool.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5. Manufacture
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved March 1, 2021. Published March 2021. Originally
5.1 The material shall be made by vacuum melting followed
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A891/A891M – 16.
by consumable electrode vacuum arc or electroslag remelting
DOI: 10.1520/A0891_A0891M-16R21.
2 as agreed upon between producer and user.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 The forgings shall be upset forged so that the axis of the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. disk corresponds with that of the ingot.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A891/A891M−16 (2021)
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
6. Chemical Requirements
Type 1 Type 2
6.1 Heat Analysis—Each heat shall be analyzed by the
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [MPa] 140 [965] 130 [895]
manufacturer in accordance with Specification A788/A788M.
0.2 % Offset Yield Strength, min, 95 [655] 85 [585]
The chemical composition shall conform to the requirements
ksi [MPa]
Elongation in 2 in. or 4D, min, % 12 15
specified in Table 1.
Reduction of Area, min, % 15 20
6.2 Product Analysis—The purchaser may obtain a product Hardness, HB 277–363 248–341
analysis, representing each heat or multiple heat, in accordance
with the provisions of Specification A788/A788M.
TABLE 3 Stress Rupture Requirements
7. Mechanical Properties
Min,
Test Temp, Stress,
Min, h Elongation in
7.1 The forgings shall conform to the mechanical property °F [°C] ksi [MPa]
4D, %
requirements specified in Table 2 after heat treatment as
Type 1 1200 [650] 56 [385] 100 15
prescribed in 4.1.
Type 2
Test A 1200 [650] 56 [385] 100 8
7.2 Tension and Hardness—Tension and hardness testing
Test B 1200 [650] 65 [450] 30 10
shall be conducted in accordance with Specification A788/
A788M.
TABLE 4 Creep Requirements
7.3 Stress Rupture:
Temperature, Stress,
7.3.1 Combinationsmoothandnotchedbarspecimensusing
Time, h Creep Strain, %
°F [°C] ksi [MPa]
0.252 in. [6.4 mm] diameter bars shall be tested to rupture in
1000 [538] 85 [585] 100 0.1–2.0
accordancewithTestMethodsE292.Rupturemustoccurinthe
smooth section of each specimen.After 100 h, samples may be
uploaded in 5 ksi [35 MPa] increments in 8 h to 16 h intervals.
7.3.2 Material supplied as Type 1 shall meet the stress
7.5.1 For forgings weighing less than 500 lb [225 kg] each,
rupture requirements specified in Table 3.
one tension, stress rupture, and creep test shall be made on one
7.3.3 Material supplied as Type 2 shall meet the stress
forging per lot. In addition, two hardness tests shall be made on
rupture requirements of either Test A or Test B of Table 3 as
each piece in the lot.
specified by the purchaser.
7.5.2 For forgings weighing 500 lb to 2000 lb [225 kg to
7.4 Creep:
900 kg] one tension, str
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