ASTM A788/A788M-18b
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel forgings for general use. Materials shall be produced primarily by either electric-furnace, basic oxygen, vacuum-induction (VIM), or open-hearth melting process. The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, using electro slag (ESR) or vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Steel shall be forged by any of these three classes based on forging temperature: cold-worked forging, hot-cold-worked forging, or hot-worked forging. After forging, specimens shall be allowed to cool prior to reheating for heat treatment. Details of heat and product analyses for the evaluation of chemical composition are thoroughly discussed. Tension and hardness tests shall be conducted to evaluate mechanical properties such as percentage of elongation and reduction of area. Repair welding shall not be allowed unless permitted by the product specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:
ASTM Designation
Title
A266/A266M
Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
A288
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A289/A289M
Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for Generators
A290/A290M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction Gears
A291/A291M
Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A336/A336M
Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
A372/A372M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
A427/A427M
Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction
A469/A469M
Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator Rotors
A470/A470M
Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A471/A471M
Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A504/A504M
Wrought Carbon Steel Wheels
A508/A508M
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
A521/A521M
Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for General Industrial Use
A541/A541M
Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
A579/A579M
Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
A592/A592M
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Parts for Pressure Vessels
A646/A646M
Premium Quality Alloy Steel Blooms and Billets for Aircraft and Aerospace Forgings
A649/A649M
Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery
A668/A668M
Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use
A711/A711M
Steel Forging Stock
A723/A723M
Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component Application
A729/A729M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
A765/A765M
Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness Requirements
A768/A768M
Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A837/A837M
Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applications
A859/A859M
Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
A891/A891M
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A909/A909M
Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial Use
A940/A940M
Vacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differentially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors
A965/A965M
Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature...
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Designation:A788/A788M −18b
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Forgings, General Requirements
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA788/A788M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
A646/A646M Premium Quality Alloy Steel Blooms and Bil-
lets for Aircraft and Aerospace Forgings
2
1.1 This specification covers a group of common require-
A649/A649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Pa-
per Machinery
ments that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product
A668/A668M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General
specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the
Industrial Use
following specifications issued by ASTM:
A711/A711M Steel Forging Stock
A723/A723M Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pres-
ASTM Designation Title
sure Component Application
A729/A729M Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat Treated,
A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Ser-
Components
vice
A288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic
A765/A765M Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-
Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
Vessel-Component Forgings with Manda-
A289/A289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retain-
tory Toughness Requirements
ing Rings for Generators
A768/A768M Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Forg-
A290/A290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for
ings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
Reduction Gears
A837/A837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applica-
A291/A291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions,
tions
Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A859/A859M Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
A336/A336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-
sure Vessel Components
Temperature Parts
A891/A891M Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy
A372/A372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-
Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and
Walled Pressure Vessels
Wheels
A427/A427M Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot
A909/A909M Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Indus-
Reduction
trial Use
A469/A469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator
A940/A940M Vacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differ-
Rotors
entially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors
A470/A470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
A965/A965M Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
High Temperature Parts
A471/A471M Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Tur-
A982/A982M Steel Forgings, Stainless, for Compressor
bine Rotor Disks and Wheels
and Turbine Airfoils
A504/A504M Wrought Carbon Steel Wheels
A983/A983M Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and
A508/A508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated
Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
Diesel Engines
sure Vessels
A986/A986M Magnetic Particle Examination of Continuous
A521/A521M Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for
Grain Flow Crankshaft Forgings
General Industrial Use
A1021/A1021M Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and
A541/A541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Ser-
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Compo-
vice
nents
A1049/A1049M Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic
A579/A579M Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
(Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related
A592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-
Components
Alloy Steel Forged Parts for Pressure Ves-
sels
1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of
the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of
this specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of either this
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally
specification or of the individual product specifications. The
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A788/A788M–18a.
acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be
DOI: 10.1520/A0788_A0788M-18B.
2
dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SA–788 in Section II of that code. included in the order.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A788/A788M − 18a A788/A788M − 18b
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Forgings, General Requirements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A788/A788M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product
specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:
ASTM Designation Title
A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
Components
A288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic
Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A289/A289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retain-
ing Rings for Generators
A290/A290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for
Reduction Gears
A291/A291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions,
Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A336/A336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-
Temperature Parts
A372/A372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-
Walled Pressure Vessels
A427/A427M Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot
Reduction
A469/A469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator
Rotors
A470/A470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A471/A471M Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Tur-
bine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A504/A504M Wrought Carbon Steel Wheels
A508/A508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessels
A521/A521M Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for
General Industrial Use
A541/A541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Compo-
nents
A579/A579M Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
A592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-
Alloy Steel Forged Parts for Pressure Ves-
sels
A646/A646M Premium Quality Alloy Steel Blooms and Bil-
lets for Aircraft and Aerospace Forgings
A649/A649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Pa-
per Machinery
A668/A668M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General
Industrial Use
A711/A711M Steel Forging Stock
A723/A723M Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pres-
sure Component Application
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018Nov. 1, 2018. Published September 2018November 2018. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
A788/A788M–18.–18a. DOI: 10.1520/A0788_A0788M-18A.10.1520/A0788_A0788M-18B.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA–788 in Section II of that code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A788/A788M − 18b
A729/A729M Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat Treated,
for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Ser-
vice
A765/A765M Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-
Vessel-Component Forgings with Manda-
tory Toughness Requirements
A768/A768M Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Forg-
ings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A837/A837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applica-
tions
A859/A859M Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessel Components
A891/A891M Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy
Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and
Wheels
A909/A909M Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Indus-
trial Use
A940/A940M Vacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differ-
entially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors
A965/A965M Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and
High Temperature Parts
A982/A982M Steel Forgings, Stainless, for Compressor
and Turbine Airfoils
A983/A983M Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and
Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed
Diesel Engines
A986/A986M Magnetic Particle Examination of Continuous
Grain Flow Crankshaft Forgings
A1021/A1021M Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Ser-
vice
A1049/A1049M Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic
(Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and R
...
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