ASTM A391/A391M-98
(Specification)Standard Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain
Standard Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers Grade 80 heat-treated alloy steel chain for such applications as slings, lifting assemblies, and load binding.
Note 1—This specification does not cover alloy steel chain for pocket wheel applications.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
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Designation: A 391/A 391M – 98 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
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Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 391/A 391M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope to break when a constantly increasing force was applied in
direct tension to a straight length of chain on a standard testing
1.1 This specification covers Grade 80 heat-treated alloy
machine. Breaking force values are a statistical attribute test
steel chain for such applications as slings, lifting assemblies,
and are not a guarantee that all chain segments per lot will
and load binding.
endure these loads. Breaking force loads shall not be used as
NOTE 1—This specification does not cover alloy steel chain for pocket
criteria for service or design purposes.
wheel applications.
3.1.2 lot—for the purpose of acceptance testing, a lot shall
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or in other units shall
consist of 3000 ft [1000 m], or fraction thereof, of the same
be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
grade and size chain. If a continuous length of chain exceeds
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
3000 ft [1000 m], it shall also be considered a lot.
must be used independently of the other, without combining
3.1.3 proof test—a quality control tensile test applied to
values in any way.
chain for the purpose of verifying weld and material quality. It
is the minimum force in pounds or newtons which the chain
2. Referenced Documents
has withstood at the time it left the producer, under a test in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
which a constantly increasing force has been applied in direct
A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and
tension to a straight length of chain. Proof test loads are a
Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished, General Require-
manufacturing integrity test and shall not be used as criteria for
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ments for
service or design purposes.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
3.1.4 working load limit (WLL)—the maximum combined
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of Steel Products
static and dynamic load in pounds or kilograms that shall be
E 30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
applied in direct tension to an undamaged straight length of
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Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
chain.
E 44 Definitions of Terms Relating to Heat Treatment of
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4. Ordering Information
Metals
E 350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under
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Wrought Iron
this specification. Such requirements to be considered include,
E 415 Test Method for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectro-
but are not limited to, the following:
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metric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
4.1.1 Product to conform to Specification A 391 or A 391M
and year of issue,
3. Terminology
4.1.2 Nominal size of chain in in. [mm],
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.1.3 Quantity of chain in ft [m],
3.1.1 breaking force, minimum—the minimum force in
4.1.4 Length of each piece, if required,
pounds or newtons at which the chain, in the condition it leaves
4.1.5 Finish, if required,
the producer’s plant, has been found by representative testing
4.1.6 Certification of test(s), if required, and
4.1.7 Acceptance of inspection by purchaser, if required.
5. Manufacturing
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1 Melting Process—The alloy steel shall be made to a
A01.27 on Steel Chain.
fully-killed fine austenitic grain process.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
5.2 Welding Process—Alloy steel chain may be made by the
published as A 391 – 55T. Last previous edition A 391 – 96.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
electric welding or gas welding process.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
5.3 Heat Treatment—After welding, alloy steel chain shall
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
5 be heat treated before applying the proof test. Heat treatment
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
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A 391/A 391M
TABLE 1 Grade 80 Alloy Chain Mechanical and Dimensional Requirements
A
Nominal Material Working Load Limit, Pr
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