ASTM F942-18

Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Interlayer Materials for Aerospace Transparent Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is intended for use by material suppliers, aircraft transparent enclosure fabricators, airframe manufacturers, government agencies, and others that may become involved in the testing of transparent interlayer materials. These test methods provide data on both individual interlayer materials and material combinations commonly used in the fabrication of aerospace transparent enclosures and provide a means of evaluating the performance of one interlayer material against another.  
3.2 Primary characteristics and their long-term stability are critical to the performance of an interlayer material. Basic tests define the as-manufactured material characteristics of the interlayer material. Ageing procedures provide for representative exposure to environments that induce changes in material characteristics. Tests performed before and after ageing exposure provide a means of estimating the potential useable life-span of an interlayer material or to compare the durability of one interlayer material with another.  
3.3 When employing these test methods for the comparison of interlayer materials after exposure to selected environmental conditions, the user shall be aware that many factors influencing degradation due to weathering vary from one location and exposure period to another location and exposure period. For direct weathering comparisons, the interlayer materials to be compared shall be subjected to the exposure and have the tests performed at the same time. It is emphasized that the test values obtained under these simultaneously applied conditions are for comparative use and their use as design characteristics shall be made with caution.  
3.4 The test methods listed include those considered critical to the performance of aircraft transparent enclosures. The user is advised to use the latest revision of any test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide summarizes the standard test methods available for determining physical and mechanical characteristics of interlayer materials used in multi-ply aerospace transparent enclosures.  
1.2 Interlayer materials are used to laminate glass-to-glass, glass-to-plastic, and plastic-to-plastic. Interlayer materials are basically transparent adhesives with high-quality optical properties. They can also serve as an energy absorbing medium, a fail-safe membrane to contain cockpit pressure and to prevent entry of impact debris; a strain insulator to accommodate different thermal expansion rates of members being laminated and as an adherent to prevent spalling of inner surface ply material fragments. The relative importance of an interlayer characteristic will be a function of the prime use it serves in its particular application.  
1.3 This guide, as a summary of various methods in Section 2, is intended to facilitate the selection of tests that can be applied to interlayer materials.  
1.4 The test methods listed are for use in determining basic design characteristics and in assuring lot-to-lot uniformity of the materials being tested except as noted in 3.3.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2018
• ICS: 49.025.50 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: F07 - Aerospace and Aircraft
• Drafting Committee: F07.08 - Transparent Enclosures and Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F942 − 18
Standard Guide for
Selection of Test Methods for Interlayer Materials for
1
Aerospace Transparent Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F942; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide summarizes the standard test methods avail-
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
able for determining physical and mechanical characteristics of
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
interlayer materials used in multi-ply aerospace transparent
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
enclosures.
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
1.2 Interlayer materials are used to laminate glass-to-glass,
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
glass-to-plastic, and plastic-to-plastic. Interlayer materials are
at Commercial Power Frequencies
basically transparent adhesives with high-quality optical prop-
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-
erties. They can also serve as an energy absorbing medium, a
tic Elastomers—Tension
fail-safe membrane to contain cockpit pressure and to prevent
D542 Test Method for Index of Refraction of Transparent
entry of impact debris; a strain insulator to accommodate
Organic Plastics
different thermal expansion rates of members being laminated
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
and as an adherent to prevent spalling of inner surface ply
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-
material fragments. The relative importance of an interlayer
sion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous
characteristic will be a function of the prime use it serves in its
Silica Dilatometer
particular application.
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
1.3 This guide, as a summary of various methods in Section
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
2, is intended to facilitate the selection of tests that can be
of Transparent Plastics
applied to interlayer materials.
D1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of
1.4 The test methods listed are for use in determining basic
Plastic Film and Sheeting
design characteristics and in assuring lot-to-lot uniformity of
D1045 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Plasticizers
the materials being tested except as noted in 3.3.
Used in Plastics
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Temperature
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D1824 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Organosols at Low Shear Rates
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
ness
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
(Withdrawn 2018)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Adhesives
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on Transparent contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Enclosures and Materials. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F942 – 08(2013). DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/F0942-18. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F942 − 18
D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En- interlayer materials and material combinations commonly used
thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by in the fabricati
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F942 − 02 (Reapproved 2013) F942 − 18
Standard Guide for
Selection of Test Methods for Interlayer Materials for
1
Aerospace Transparent Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F942; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide summarizes the standard test methods available for determining physical and mechanical characteristics of
interlayer materials used in multi-ply aerospace transparent enclosures.
1.2 Interlayer materials are used to laminate glass-to-glass, glass-to-plastic, and plastic-to-plastic. Interlayer materials are
basically transparent adhesives with high-quality optical properties. They can also serve as an energy absorbing medium, a fail-safe
membrane to contain cockpit pressure and to prevent entry of impact debris; a strain insulator to accommodate different thermal
expansion rates of members being laminated and as an adherent to prevent spalling of inner surface ply material fragments. The
relative importance of an interlayer characteristic will be a function of the prime use it serves in its particular application.
1.3 This guide, as a summary of various methods in Section 2, is intended to facilitate the selection of tests that can be applied
to interlayer materials.
1.4 The test methods listed are for use in determining basic design characteristics and in assuring lot-to-lot uniformity of the
materials being tested except as noted in 3.3.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D542 Test Method for Index of Refraction of Transparent Organic Plastics
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica
Dilatometer
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics
D1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D1045 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Plasticizers Used in Plastics
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
D1824 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on Transparent
Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013June 1, 2018. Published December 2013June 2018. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
F942 – 08.F942 – 08(2013). DOI: 10.1520/F0942-02R13.10.1520/F0942-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F942 − 18
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
3
D2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids (Withdrawn 2018)
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity o
...