ASTM A503/A503M-01(2006)

Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Examination of Forged Crankshafts

ABSTRACT
This test specification deals with the acceptance specifications for the ultrasonic examination of forged steel crankshafts. This practice is applicable to both solid (slab) forged and continuous grain flow crankshafts. Specimens shall be divided into three volumetric zones, namely: the major critical sections (Zone 1), which includes the heavily loaded areas of the crankpins, webs, and main bearings; the minor critical sections (Zone 2), which includes the balance of the surface areas of the main bearing and crankpin journals and adjacent fillets, flanges, and gear fit areas; and Zone 3, which includes the balance of the crankshaft, and the remaining sections of the webs. The crankshafts shall be examined after heat treatment, but before machining geometric features such as chamfers and oil holes. Acceptance zones and criteria for both types of crankshafts are discussed briefly.
SCOPE
1.1 This is an acceptance specification for the ultrasonic inspection of forged steel crankshafts having main bearing journals or crankpins 4 in. [100 mm] or larger in diameter.
1.2 This specification covers the testing equipment required and the test procedure to be followed, and it defines the critical and noncritical areas and limits of acceptance.
1.3 This specification is intended to cover both continuous grain flow (CGF) crankshafts for medium and high speed diesel engines as well as solid (slab) forged crankshafts for other applications.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation, the inch-pound units shall be used.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2006
• ICS: 21.120.10 - Shafts
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.06 - Steel Forgings and Billets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A503/A503M-01(2001)e1 - Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Examination of Forged Crankshafts
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM A503/A503M-01(2011) - Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Examination of Forged Crankshafts
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A983/A983M-06(2021) - Standard Specification for Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed Diesel Engines
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: A503/A503M – 01 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
Ultrasonic Examination of Forged Crankshafts
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA503/A503M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other
than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic
1.1 This is an acceptance specification for the ultrasonic
Testing
inspection of forged steel crankshafts having main bearing
2.2 American National Standard:
journals or crankpins 4 in. [100 mm] or larger in diameter.
ANSI B46.1, Surface Texture
1.2 This specification covers the testing equipment required
and the test procedure to be followed, and it defines the critical
3. Terminology
and noncritical areas and limits of acceptance.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This specification is intended to cover both continuous
3.1.1 continuous grain flow crankshafts—produced by a
grain flow (CGF) crankshafts for medium and high speed
process in which the solidification centerline of the original
diesel engines as well as solid (slab) forged crankshafts for
ingotorstartingstockismaintainedthroughthemainbearings,
other applications.
webs, crankpins, and flanges of the finished crankshaft, usually
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
by means of closed die forging.
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard.
3.1.2 solid (slab) forged crankshafts—made from open die
Within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets.
forgings such that the grain flow in the webs is essentially
Thevaluesstatedineachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyof
parallel to the major axis of the forging and the crankpins are
the other. Combining values from the two systems may result
offset from the forging centerline by machining. They may be
in nonconformance with the specification.
set in the correct orientation by a hot twisting operation.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
tion designation, the inch-pound units shall be used.
4. Ordering Information
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 It is necessary that the crankshaft be identified as being
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
either continuous grain flow or solid (slab) forged.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Unless otherwise specified by means of supplementary
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ordering information, the test methods and acceptance criteria
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for the appropriate crankshaft type shall be used.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus and Personnel Requirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 The apparatus and personnel requirements shall be in
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
accordance with Practice A388/A388M. For standardization
Forgings
purposes, it is recommended that final acceptance be based on
the use of 2–5 MHz transducers.
6. Critical Sections
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.1 Thedivisionofacrankshaftintothreevolumetriczones,
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, for the purpose of ultrasonic
Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originally
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A503/A503M – 01 examination evaluation is applicable to both solid (slab) forged
´1
(2001) . DOI: 10.1520/A0503_A0503M-01R06.
and continuous grain flow crankshafts.
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A503/A503M – 01 (2006)
FIG. 1 Crankshaft UT Acceptance Zones
FIG. 3 Distance to Indication as Percentage of Cross-section
8. Procedure
FIG. 2 Scanning Directions
8.1 The crankshaft should be examined after heat treatment,
but before machining geometric features such as chamfers and
oil holes that could interfere with ultrasonic examination.
6.2 The major critical sections shown as Zone 1 in Fig. 1
8.2 Unless otherwise specified by the purchase order, the
include the heavily loaded areas of the crankpins, webs, and
scanned surfaces shall have a maximum surface roughness of
main bearings.
250 µin. [6
...