ASTM E161-00(2010)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Precision Electroformed Sieves
Standard Specification for Precision Electroformed Sieves
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for design and construction of electroformed sieves. The sieves are used in particle-size distribution analysis and in various manufacturing applications to produce narrowly designated particle-size distributions. They may also be used as reference standards when suitably calibrated. The material used in the manufacture of the sieve sheet shall be nickel or a metal suitable for electrodeposition in a firm crystalline structure. The sheet shall have square or round openings with straight uniform sides and smooth, flat surfaces except for a slight bevel along the edges of the openings. Frames for precision electroformed sieves shall be made from non-corrosive material such as stainless steel and constructed in such a manner as to be rigid
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for design and construction of electroformed sieves. These sieves are used to perform particle-size distribution analysis and in preparing narrowly designated particle-size fractions. They may also be used as reference standards when suitably calibrated. A method of calibrating these sieves is included in Annex A1.
Note 1—Complete instructions and procedures on the use and calibration of testing sieves are contained in ASTM Manual 32. This publication also contains a list of all published ASTM Standards on sieve analysis procedures for specific materials or industries.
1.2 The sieve analysis results from two testing sieves of the same sieve designation may not be the same because of the variances in sieve opening permitted by this specification. To minimize the differences in sieve analysis results, the use of testing sieves matched on a performance basis is suggested.
Note 2—For other types of sieves, see Specifications E11 and E323.
1.3 The values stated in SI units shall be considered standard for the dimensions of the electroformed mesh openings and the size of the wires in the electroformed mesh. The values stated in inch units shall be considered standard with regard to the sieve frames.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E161 – 00 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
Precision Electroformed Sieves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 45-µm (No. 325) Sieve
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for design
Sieves
andconstructionofelectroformedsieves.Thesesievesareused
E323 Specification for Perforated-Plate Sieves for Testing
to perform particle-size distribution analysis and in preparing
Purposes
narrowly designated particle-size fractions. They may also be
2.2 ISO Standard:
usedasreferencestandardswhensuitablycalibrated.Amethod
ISO 565 Test sieves—Metal Wire Cloth, Perforated Plate
of calibrating these sieves is included in Annex A1.
and Electroformed Sheet-Nominal Aperture Sizes
NOTE 1—Complete instructions and procedures on the use and calibra-
tionoftestingsievesarecontainedinASTMManual32. Thispublication
3. Ordering Information
also contains a list of all published ASTM Standards on sieve analysis
3.1 Orders for items under this specification include the
procedures for specific materials or industries.
following information as necessary:
1.2 The sieve analysis results from two testing sieves of the
3.1.1 Name of material (Electroformed Sieve),
same sieve designation may not be the same because of the
3.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue (Specification
variances in sieve opening permitted by this specification. To
E161 – XX),
minimize the differences in sieve analysis results, the use of
3.1.3 Quantity of each item, and
testing sieves matched on a performance basis is suggested.
3.1.4 Standard sieve designation (Table 1, Column 1).
3.1.5 For testing sieves in standard circular frames:
NOTE 2—For other types of sieves, see Specifications E11 and E323.
3.1.5.1 Nominal sieve frame diameter, and
1.3 The values stated in SI units shall be considered
3.1.5.2 Nominal sieve frame height.
standard for the dimensions of the electroformed mesh open-
3.1.6 For sieve cloth not in frames or in non-standard
ings and the size of the wires in the electroformed mesh. The
frames:
values stated in inch units shall be considered standard with
3.1.6.1 Lateral dimension of sieve mesh, and
regard to the sieve frames.
3.1.6.2 Description of non-standard frame.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.7 For sieves requiring supporting grid:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.7.1 Support grid desired,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.7.2 Support grid mounted up or down, and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.8 Compatible sieve pans and covers.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Sieve Sheet Requirements
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The material used in the manufacture of the sieve sheet
2.1 ASTM Standards:
shall be nickel or a metal suitable for electrodeposition in a
C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the
firm crystalline structure. The sheet shall have square or round
openings with straight uniform sides and smooth, flat surfaces
except for a slight bevel along the edges of the openings. The
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE29onParticle
thickness of the sheet (exclusive of the supporting grid, see
and Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.01
4.2), is governed by the method of manufacture, the size of the
Sieves, Sieving Methods, and Screening Media on Sieves, Sieving Methods, and
Screening Media.
openingsandthewidthofmaterialbetweenopenings,butinno
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2010.PublishedJuly2010.Originallyapproved
case shall the thickness of material between the openings be
in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E161 – 00 (2004). DOI:
less than 10 µm (0.0004 in.).
10.1520/E0161-00R10.
ASTM Manual 32, Manual on Test Sieving Methods, available from ASTM,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
the ASTM website. www.iso.ch.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E161 – 00 (2010)
TABLE 1 Nominal Dimensions, Permissible Variations and Limits
dimension of these openings as defined in Table 1 establishes
for Precision Electroformed Sieves
the designated size of the sieve.
Limits, Limits,
Tolerance
Nominal NOTE 3—In instances where a support grid is required for durability,
Openings per Openings per
on Sieve
Opening Size, B
Linear cm Linear in. opening sizes smaller than the allowable tolerances will be observed.This
Openings,
A
µm
occurs where the support grid overlaps the sieve openings in such a way
6µm
Min Max Min Max
as to either block a portion of the opening or to create several smaller
500 2.0 15.35 16.14 39 41
openings. This is an unavoidable situation and has been determined to
425 2.0 17.32 18.11 44 46
have little measurable effect on the sieving open area or sieve perfor-
355 2.0 19.29 20.87 49 53
mance.
300 2.0 22.83 24.41 58 62
250 2.0 25.20 26.77 64 68
4.3.1 There shall be no punctures, missing or deformed
212 2.0 31.89 33.46 81 85
180 2.0 35.04 36.61 89 93
areas, or other obvious defects in the sieve sheet.
150 2.0 41.34 46.06 105 117
125 2.0 46.06 51.18 117 130
5. Test Sieve Frames
106 2.0 47.24 59.06 120 150
90 2.0 55.12 78.74 140 200
5.1 General Requirements—Frames for precision electro-
75 2.0 59.06 78.74 150 200
formed sieves shall be made from non-corrosive material such
63 2.0 66.93 98.43 170 250
53 2.0 78.74 110.24 200 280
as brass or stainless steel, and constructed in such a manner as
45 2.0 90.55 118.11 230 300
to be rigid.
38 2.0 98.43 137.80 250 350
5.1.1 Thesievesheet shall bemountedontheframewithout
32 2.0 110.24 157.48 280 400
C C C C
25 2.0 118.11 196.85 300 500
distortion, looseness, or waviness.
C C C C
20 2.0 157.48 295.28 400 750
5.1.2 To prevent the material being sieved from catching in
C C C C
15 2.0 157.48 295.28 400 750
C C C C
the joint between the sieve sheet and the frame, the joint shall
10 2.0 196.85 393.70 500 1000
C C C C
5 2.0 196.85 590.55 500 1500
be filled smoothly or constructed so that the material will not
A
These nominal size openings are from the preferred number series R40/3 and
be trapped.
R10. (Openings on apertures 32 µm and less are series R10.) These standard
5.2 Standard Circular Frames—Sieve frames shall be cir-
designations correspond to the values for test sieve apertures recommended by
cular, of seamless construction, with nominal diameters of 3,
the International Standards Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, in ISO 565. Other
opening sizes are not precluded.
3.94, 7.87, 8, and 12 in. (76.2, 100, 200, 203.2, and 304.8 mm)
B
These limits permit at least two adjacent sieves to be formed with the same
as may be specified. The dimensions shall conform to the
number of openings per cm. The percent open area must in no case be so great
requirements in Table 2.
that the width of metal between openings is less than 13 µm.
C
Because of their greater durability in routine testing, sieves made close to the
5.2.1 The bottom of the frames shall be constructed so as to
minimum limit are normally supplied. Sieves made close to the maximum limit may
provide an easy sliding fit with any sieve frames of the same
be obtained only on special order but are preferable from the standpoint of logical
progression and better test completion time. nominal diameter conforming to the specified dimensions.
5.2.2 The joint or fillet at the connection of the sieve sheet
to the frames will provide a minimum clear sieving surface
4.2 If a supporting grid is required for durability, the sieve
with a diameter equal to the nominal diameter less 0.5 in. (13
sheet shall be mounted to the supporting metal grid in such a
mm).
manner that the sheet is firmly bonded to the grid. The
5.3 Non-Standard Frames—Other sieve frames may be
supporting grid shall be of suitable thickness and stran
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