ASTM D5178-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
Standard Test Method for Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In some situations, marring of coatings applied to substrates under typical use conditions is unacceptable. This test method has been found useful in differentiating the degree of marring of coatings on substrates. It is most useful in providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in marring.
5.2 In a limited laboratory study, meaningful mar results were impossible when powder coatings were tested. The mar marking, that is, scratches, became less perceptible with time. Therefore, powder coatings may not be applicable coatings for this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mar resistance on smooth, flat surfaces. Results are expressed in terms of force-to-mar films of organic coatings such as paint, varnish, and lacquer when applied to smooth, flat planar panel surfaces.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Designation: D5178 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2691 Method for Microscopical Measurement of Dry Film
Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products (Withdrawn
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mar
3
1992)
resistance on smooth, flat surfaces. Results are expressed in
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
terms of force-to-mar films of organic coatings such as paint,
ASTM Test Methods
varnish, and lacquer when applied to smooth, flat planar panel
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
surfaces.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3. Terminology
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1 Definitions:
and are not considered standard.
3.1.1 mar resistance, n—the ability of a coating to resist
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
damage caused by light abrasion. As just defined, it is a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
resistance of the surface of the coating to permanent
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
deformation, resulting from the application of a dynamic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mechanical force.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Thematerialsundertestareappliedatuniformthickness
2
to flat panels of uniform surface texture. After drying/curing,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the mar resistance is determined by pushing the panels beneath
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
a rounded stylus or loop that is loaded in increasing amounts
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
until the coating is marred.
Related Coating Products
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
5. Significance and Use
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
5.1 In some situations, marring of coatings applied to
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
substrates under typical use conditions is unacceptable. This
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
test method has been found useful in differentiating the degree
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
of marring of coatings on substrates. It is most useful in
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
3
providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhib-
a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
iting significant differences in marring.
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
5.2 In a limited laboratory study, meaningful mar results
3
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
were impossible when powder coatings were tested. The mar
marking, that is, scratches, became less perceptible with time.
Therefore, powder coatings may not be applicable coatings for
1
this test method.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films. 6. Apparatus
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally
6.1 Application Equipment, as described in Practices D823.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5178 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/D5178-16.
6.2 Film-Thickness Measuring Apparatus, as described in
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Test Methods D1005, D1186, D1400,or D2691.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
6.3 Balanced Beam Scrape Adhesion and Mar Tester (Fig. 1
the ASTM website.
3
and Fig. 2), consisting of a balanced beam to which is secured
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. a platform for supporting weights, and a rod at an angle of 45°
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5178 − 16
FIG. 1 Balanced Beam Scrape Adhesion and Mar Tester
FIG. 2 Balanced Beam Scrape Adhesion and Mar Tester
that holds the scraping loop. The rod shall be set so that the 7.1.1 The sur
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5178 − 13 D5178 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Mar Resistance of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mar resistance on smooth, flat surfaces. Results are expressed in terms of
force-to-mar films of organic coatings such as paint, varnish, and lacquer when applied to smooth, flat planar panel surfaces.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous
3
Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
3
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
3
D2691 Method for Microscopical Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products (Withdrawn 1992)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 mar resistance, n—the ability of a coating to resist damage caused by light abrasion. As just defined, it is a resistance of
the surface of the coating to permanent deformation, resulting from the application of a dynamic mechanical force.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The materials under test are applied at uniform thickness to flat panels of uniform surface texture. After drying/curing, the
mar resistance is determined by pushing the panels beneath a rounded stylus or loop that is loaded in increasing amounts until the
coating is marred.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 In some situations, marring of coatings applied to substrates under typical use conditions is unacceptable. This test method
has been found useful in differentiating the degree of marring of coatings on substrates. It is most useful in providing relative
ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in marring.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved May 15, 2013Dec. 1, 2016. Published May 2013January 2017. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2008 2013 as
D5178 – 98 (2008).D5178 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D5178-13.10.1520/D5178-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5178 − 16
5.2 In a limited laboratory study, meaningful mar results were impossible when powder coatings were tested. The mar marking,
that is, scratches, became less perceptible with time. Therefore, powder coatings may not be applicable coatings for this test
method.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Application Equipment, as described in Practices D823.
6.2 Film-Thickness Measuring Apparatus, as described in Test Methods D1005, D1186, D1400, or D2691.
6.
...
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