ASTM D5431-08
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and Household Use
Standard Performance Specification for Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and Household Use
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, woven and knitted products intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics, the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable products that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This product meets ASTM Specification ____ except for the following characteristic(s).”
Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 4.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular product.
The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods. For additional information see Test Methods D 629, Practice D 1776, and Guide D 3938. 98 Top
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific performance characteristics of importance in woven and knit flat, fitted, and waterbed sheet products for use in institutional and household environments.
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing specification requirements.
1.3 The requirements in Table 1 apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 This specification is not applicable to woven and knit products used for sheet blankets or to woven and knitted sheet products used for apparel.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements CharacteristicsRequirements Woven Non-flannelFlannelKnittedSection Polyester/Cotton100 % CottonFlannel/Non-flannel Breaking Force 7.1 CRT Method Each DirectionA222 N (50 lbf) min178 N (40 lbf) min156 N (35 lbf) min Bursting ForceA 222 N (50 lbf) min7.1.2 Tear Resistance, ElmendorfA 7.1.3 Each Direction7 N (1.5 lbf) min7 N (1.5 lbf) min7 N (1.5 lbf) min Pilling4.0NANA4.07.1.4 Dimensional Change: 7.1.5 Durable Press (In Each Direction)5 % max5 % max3.5 % max4 % max Nondurable Press (Nonpreshrunk) Length8 % max8 % max8 % max Width6 % max6 % max6 % max Preshrunk (In Each Direction)2 % max3 % max3.5 % max Laundered AppearanceAcceptableAcceptableAcceptableAcceptable7.2.1 Fabric AppearanceSA 3.0 minSA 2.2 minBNASA 3.0 min7.1.6 Bow and Skewness3 % max3 % max3 % max3 % max7.1.7 Colorfastness To:C Laundering: 7.1.8.1 Alteration in ShadeClass 4 minDClass 4 minDClass 4 minDClass 4 minD StainingClass 3 minEClass 3 minEClass 3 minEClass 3 minE Crocking: 7.1.8.2 DryClass 4 minFClass 4 minFClass 4 minFClass 4 minF WetClass 3 minFClass 3 minFClass 3 minFClass 3 minF Light (20 AATCC FU), 7.1.8.3 Xenon-ArcEStep 4 minDStep 4 minDStep 4 minDStep 4 minD Perspiration 7.1.8.4 Alteration In ShadeClass 4 minDClass 4 minDClass 4 minDClass 4 minD StainingClass 3 minEClass 3 minEClass 3 minEClass 3 minE FlammabilityClass IClass IClass IClass I7.1.9
A There is more than one standard method that can be used to measure breaking force, bursting force, tear resistance, and lightfastness. These methods cannot be used interchangeably since there may be no overall correlation between them. See Notes 2-5 and Note 8.
B Recommended requirement for Easy Care Products which must be ironed.
C Class...
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Designation:D5431 −08
StandardPerformance Specification for
Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and
1
Household Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5431; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific
3
Traverse Tensile Testing Machine) (Withdrawn 1995)
performance characteristics of importance in woven and knit
D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for
flat, fitted, and waterbed sheet products for use in institutional
3
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
and household environments.
D3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement
Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather Products
between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing
D3512 TestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelated
specification requirements.
Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble
Pilling Tester
1.3 The requirements in Table 1 apply to the length and
width directions for those properties where fabric direction is D3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile
Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
pertinent.
D3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textiles—
1.4 This specification is not applicable to woven and knit
Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
products used for sheet blankets or to woven and knitted sheet
D3882 Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and
products used for apparel.
Knitted Fabrics
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
4
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.2 AATCC Methods:
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
2. Referenced Documents
15 Colorfastness to Perspiration
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 16A Colorfastness to Light: Carbon-Arc Lamp, Continuous
Light
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles 16E Colorfastness to Light: Water-Cooled Xenon-Arc
Lamp, Continuous Light
D1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
3
(Withdrawn 2010) 61 Colorfastness to Laundering, Home, and Commercial:
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Accelerated
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus 88B Appearance of Seams in Durable Press Items After
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles Repeated Home Launderings
96 Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of
Woven and Knitted Fabrics Except Wool
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
1
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
Method
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
Furnishings.
124 Appearance of Fabrics After Repeated Home Launder-
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
ing
ε1
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D413–93(2001) .
135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering
DOI: 10.1520/D5431-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or of Woven and Knit Fabrics
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
the ASTM website. Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://
www.astm.org. www.aatcc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5431−08
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
Requirements
Woven
Characteristics
Non-flannel Knitted
Flannel Section
Polyester/Cotton 100 % Cotton Flannel/Non-flannel
Breaking Force 7.1
A
CRT Method Each Direction 222 N (50 lbf) min 178 N (40 lbf) min 156 N (35 lbf) min
A
Bursting Force 222 N (50 lbf) min 7.1.2
A
Tear Resistance, Elmendorf 7.1.3
Each Direction 7 N (1.5 lbf) min 7 N (1.5 lbf) min 7 N (1.5 lbf) min
Pilling 4.0 NA NA 4.0 7.1.4
Dimensio
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D5431–93 (Reapproved 2001) Designation: D 5431 – 08
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and
1
Household Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5431; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in February 2001.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific performance characteristics of importance in woven and knit flat, fitted,
and waterbed sheet products for use in institutional and household environments.
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing
specification requirements.
1.3 The requirements inTable 1 apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 This specification is not applicable to woven and knit products used for sheet blankets or to woven and knitted sheet
products used for apparel.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D 629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
D 1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
2
D 1424Test Method for Tear Resistance of Woven Fabrics by Falling Pendulum (Elmendorf) Apparatus
2
D1776Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum Type
(Elmendorf) Apparatus
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D 2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse
Tensile Testing Machine)
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for Textiles
D 3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel, Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather Products
D 3512 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble Pilling
Tester Method
D 3786Test Method for Hydraulic Bursting Strength of Knitted Goods and Nonwoven Fabrics—Diaphragm Bursting Strength
3
Tester Method Test Method for Bursting Strength of Textile FabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester Method
D 3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Knitted Goods: TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
D 3882 Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and Knitted Fabrics
D 3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instructions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength anndand Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
3
2.2 AATCC Methods:
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home Furnishings.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1993. Published October 1993.
1
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
Furnishings .
´1
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 413–93(2001) .
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 07.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http://www.aatcc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5431–08
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
Requirements
Woven
Characteristics
Non-flannel Knitted
Flannel Section
Polyester/Cotton 100 % Cotton Flannel/Non-flannel
Breaking Force 7.1
A
CRT Method Each Direction 222 N (50 lbf) min 178 N (40 lbf) min 156 N (35 lbf) min
A
Bursting Forc
...
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