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ASTM A148/A148M-20e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes

Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for carbon steel, alloy steel, and martensitic stainless steel castings that are to be subjected to higher mechanical stresses. All castings shall undergo heat treatment either by full annealing, normalizing, normalizing and tempering, or quenching and tempering and shall be regulated under pyrometers. Several grades of steel castings are covered and shall conform to the required chemical composition for sulfur and phosphorus. A tension test shall be performed and shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield point, and elongation. The notch bar impact properties shall also be determined by testing one set of three Charpy V-notch impact specimens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel, alloy steel, and martensitic stainless steel castings that are to be subjected to higher mechanical stresses than those covered in Specification A27/A27M.  
1.2 Several grades of steel castings are covered, having the chemical composition and mechanical properties prescribed in Tables 1 and 2.    
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2020
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A148/A148M-20 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Refers
ASTM A27/A27M-20 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM F765-93(2022) - Standard Specification for Wildcats, Ship Anchor Chain
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM A957/A957M-21 - Standard Specification for Investment Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM F1106-87(2023) - Standard Specification for Warping Heads, Rope Handling (Gypsy Head, Capstan Head)
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM A781/A781M-21 - Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
01-May-2020

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ASTM A148/A148M-20e1 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural PurposesASTM A148/A148M-20e1 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
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ASTM A148/A148M-20e1 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation:A148/A148M −20
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA148/A148M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—“Yield point” was editorially changed to “yield strength” in 8.4 in May 2020.
1. Scope* A957/A957MSpecification for Investment Castings, Steel
andAlloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel, alloy steel, and
Use
martensitic stainless steel castings that are to be subjected to
A1067/A1067MSpecification for Test Coupons for Steel
higher mechanical stresses than those covered in Specification
Castings
A27/A27M.
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.2 Several grades of steel castings are covered, having the
Determine Conformance with Specifications
chemical composition and mechanical properties prescribed in
Tables 1 and 2.
3. General Conditions for Delivery
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1 Except for castings produced by the investment casting
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
process, material furnished to this specification shall conform
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
to the requirements of Specification A781/A781M, including
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-
with the standard.
ments of Specification A781/A781M constitutes nonconfor-
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
mance with this specification. In case of conflict between the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
requirements of this specification and Specification A781/
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
A781M, this specification shall prevail.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Investment castings furnished to this specification shall
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
conform to the requirements of Specification A957/A957M,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
includinganysupplementaryrequirementsthatareindicatedin
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-
ments of Specification A957/A957M constitutes nonconfor-
2. Referenced Documents
mance with this specification. In case of conflict between the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements of this specification and Specification A957/
A27/A27MSpecification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
A957M, Specification A957/A957M shall prevail.
General Application
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
4. Ordering Information
of Steel Products
A781/A781MSpecification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, 4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the
following:
Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
casting drawing),
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings. 4.1.2 Grade of steel,
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
4.1.3 Options in the specification, and
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A148/A148M–19.
DOI: 10.1520/A0148_A0148M-20E01. 4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired, including
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the standards of acceptance.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1.5 Inthecaseofquenchandtemperedcastingstheruling
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. section, T.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
A148/A148M−20
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements
Element, %
Grade (UNS Number)
Phosphorus Sulfur
80-40 [550-275] (D50400)
...

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This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper corrosion resistance steel castings capable of being strengthened by precipitation hardening heat treatment. The steel shall be made by electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. The steel materials shall also undergo homogenization heat treatment, solution annealing heat treatment, precipitation hardening and shall conform to the required values of temperature and time and cooling treatment. The materials shall conform to the required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, copper, columbium, and nitrogen.
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1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper corrosion-resistant steel castings, capable of being strengthened by precipitation hardening heat treatment.  
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This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure-containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures. Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process or other primary processes. Heat and product analyses shall be performed on the material and the chemical composition shall conform to the prescribed values for carbon, manganese, nickel, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, also for residual elements like vanadium, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten. Tensile test shall be made and the mechanical properties thus determined shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Charpy V-notch testing shall be done to determine the impact properties on each heat by specimen type like coupons representing the weld deposits and coupons representing the heat-affected zone. Impact properties shall also be determined on both the heat-affected zone of the base metal and the weld metal of the welding procedure qualification test. After machining, each pressure-containing casting shall undergo hydrostatic pressure testing and shall not leak.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure-containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures. Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. All classes are weldable under proper conditions. Hardenability of some grades may limit usable section size.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
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Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers steel castings, martensitic stainless steel and alloys steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service. The grades of steels covered here are: Grade WC1, Grade WC4, Grade WC5, Grade WC6, Grade WC9, Grade WC11, Grade C5, Grade C12, Grade C12A, and Grade CA15. Heat treatment shall consist of normalizing and tempering for Grade C12A and tempering for all other grades. Heat treatments shall be performed after castings have been allowed to cool. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, molybdenum, chromium, nickel, vanadium, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, columbium, nitrogen, aluminum, copper, titanium, tungsten, and zirconium. The surface of the casting shall be examined visually and shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks and hot tears. Steels shall undergo tension test, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers martensitic stainless steel and alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1) intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service (Note 2).  
1.2 One grade of martensitic stainless steel and nine grades of ferritic alloy steel are covered. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the high-temperature and corrosion-resistant characteristics (Note 3).
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers standard requirements for iron-chromium-nickel alloy, stainless steel castings intended for particularly severe corrosive applications. Alloys shall be melted by the electric furnace process with or without refining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization. Castings shall be heat treated and shall conform to the required heat treatment conditions. The materials shall conform with the prescribed chemical requirements for carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, columbium, copper, selenium, tungsten, vanadium, iron, and nitrogen.
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This specification covers standards for iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings of general purpose grades (Grades HF, HH, HI, HK, HE, HT, HU, HW, HX, HC, HD, HL, HN, and HN) applicable in heat-resistant services. Alloys shall be produced through electric arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes. Heat-treatment shall be conducted when agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The material shall conform to carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum contents. Tensile requirements including tensile strength, yield point, and elongation shall apply when specified in the purchase order. Guidelines for repair by welding are also given.
SCOPE
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Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service

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This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications. The alloys shall be electric-furnace processed and heat treated. The castings shall conform to the required chemical compositions of nickel, chromium, carbon, nitrogen, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron. The specimens shall undergo tension test after aging and short-time high-temperature tension test and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength and elongation. A stress-rupture test shall also be performed wherein the specimens shall conform to the required values of tensile stress. The specimen shall also conform to the required values of magnetic permeability.
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1.1 This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings of the 25 % chromium, 12 % nickel class, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications up to 2000 °F [1095 °C].  
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ASTM A356/A356M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines

ABSTRACT
This specification covers one grade of martensitic stainless steel and several grades of ferritic steel castings for cylindrical (shells), valve chests, throttle valves, and other heavy-walled castings for steam turbine applications. The steel shall be made by the open-hearth or electric-furnace process. Deoxidation of the carbon and low-alloy steel grades shall be by manganese and silicon. The castings shall be heat treated in either the normalized, tempered, or stress-relieved conditions. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation shall be determined by subjecting the specimens to a tension test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers one grade of martensitic stainless steel and several grades of ferritic steel castings for cylinders (shells), valve chests, throttle valves, and other heavy-walled castings for steam turbine applications.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM A487/A487M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-alloy steel and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered conditions, suitable for pressure-containing parts. All castings shall receive the specified heat treatment requirement: austenitizing temperature, medium, quenching cool, and tempering temperature. Preliminary heat treatment and multiple tempering are permitted. Recording-type pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperature. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Residual elements include: copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. Tensile properties of the steel shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness, and maximum thickness. Product analysis tolerance is specified. Repair by welding may be done.
SCOPE
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ASTM A781/A781M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel and alloy castings for use in general industrial applications. Materials shall be produced by open-hearth or electric furnace process with or without separate refining, such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), and then consequently heat treated in the working zone. Castings shall receive heat and product analysis to evaluate their conformance to chemical composition requirements. Mechanical requirements shall also be assessed. The surfaces of castings shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, hot tears, and other surface discontinuities. Repair welding may be performed as required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting specifications issued by ASTM. If the product specification specifies different requirements, the product specification shall prevail.    
ASTM
Designation  
Title of Specification  
A27/A27M  
Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application  
A128/A128M  
Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese  
A148/A148M  
Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes  
A297/A297M  
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application  
A447/A447M  
Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service  
A494/A494M  
Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy  
A560/A560M  
Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy  
A743/A743M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application  
A744/A744M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service  
A747/A747M  
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening  
A890/A890M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application    
A915/A915M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A958/A958M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A1002  
Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy  
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.  
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specification and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off