ASTM A451/A451M-06

Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for centrifugally cast austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service. The pipe shall receive a heat treatment at the required temperature and holding time followed by quenching in water or rapid cool by other means. The pipe shall be machined on the inner and outer surfaces and shall conform to specified roughness value. Heat and product analysis shall be done to determine the chemical composition and shall conform to the required carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, and nitrogen contents. Hydrostatic and tension tests shall be performed and shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated inTable 1.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exactly equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of each other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
Note 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are covered by Specification A 297.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2006
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.18 - Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A451/A451M-02 - Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM A451/A451M-06(2010) - Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A451/A451M – 06
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA451/A451M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-
2
in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to
use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
12-in. [114 to 305-mm]) Steel Castings
1.2 Severalgradesofausteniticstainlesssteelarecoveredas
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
indicated in Table 1.
[51 mm] in Thickness
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided
2.2 ANSI Standard:
when additional testing may be required.
4
B46.1 Surface Texture
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3. Ordering Information
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
systemarenotexactlyequivalents;therefore,eachsystemmust
following, as required, to describe the desired material ad-
be used independently of each other. Combining values from
equately:
the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
specification.
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall
covered by Specification A297/A297M.
thickness in inches or millimetres),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A999/
2. Referenced Documents
3 A999M),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 End Finish of Specification A999/A999M,
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (9.4 and Supplementary Re-
ChromiumandIron-Chromium-Nickel,HeatResistant,for
quirements S1 through S7),
General Application
3.1.8 Test Report Required (Section 14), and
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
3.1.9 Special Requirements or Additions to Specification.
of Steel Products
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
4. Materials and Manufacture
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
4.1 Heat-Treatment—The pipe shall receive a heat-
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
treatment at the temperature and time specified in Table 2,
Determine Conformance with Specifications
followed by a quench in water or rapid cool by other means.
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
4.2 Machining—The pipe shall be machined on the inner
E165 PracticeforLiquidPenetrantExaminationforGeneral
and outer surfaces to a roughness value no greater than
Industry
250-µin. [6.35-µm] arithmetical average deviation (AA) from
the mean line, as defined in American National Standard
1
B46.1.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings.
5. Chemical Analysis
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originally
5.1 Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat shall be made
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A451/A451M – 02.
DOI: 10.1520/A0451_A0451M-06. by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of elements
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related specifica-
specified in Table 1. The analysis shall be made on a test
tion SA-451 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A451/A451M – 06
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Car- Man- Phos- Sul- Sili- Tan-
bon, ga- pho- fur, con, Molybde- ta-
Grade Nickel Chromium Columbium Nitrogen
max nese, rus, max max num lum,
max max max
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF3A 0.03 1.50
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A 451/A 451M – 06
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA451/A451M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.
1.4 Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exactly equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of each other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are covered by
Specification A 297.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 297/A 297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General
Application
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
E 186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings
E 280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12-in. [114 to 305-mm]) Steel Castings
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. [51 mm] in Thickness
2.2 ANSI Standard:
4
B46.1 Surface Texture
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall thickness in inches or millimetres),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A 999/A 999M),
3.1.6 End Finish of Specification A 999/A 999M,
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (9.4 and Supplementary Requirements S1 through S7),
3.1.8 Test Report Required (Section 14), and
3.1.9 Special Requirements or Additions to Specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 451/A 451M – 02.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related specification SA-451 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 451/A 451M – 06
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Car- Man- Phos- Sul- Sili- Tan-
bon, ga- pho- fur, con, Molybde- ta-
Grade Nickel Chromium Columbium Nitrogen
max nese, rus, max max num lum,
max max max
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF3A 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF8 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF8A 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF3M 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 1.50 9.0–13.0 17.0–21.0 2.0–3.0 . . .
CPF8M 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 1.50 9.0–12.0 18.0–21.0 2.0–3.0 . . .
A
CPF10MC 0.10 1.50 0.040 0.040 1.50 13.0–16.0 15.0–18.0 1.75
...