ASTM F3015-21

Standard Test Method for Accelerated Laboratory Roadwheel Generation of Belt Separation in Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range E

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Belt edge separation is a tire condition that can be encountered in tire use, particularly in high tire temperature environments.  
4.2 The goal of this standard is to define a scientifically valid protocol for the laboratory generation of belt edge separation in a tire that has previously completed accelerated laboratory aging as described in Practice F2838. This test method does not establish performance limits or tolerances for tire specifications.  
4.3 However, as stated in the scope, some tires may not develop belt edge separations under the specified test conditions. They may develop other EOT conditions that are not due to belt edge separation. Also, some tires may not develop any EOT conditions during the course of the test prior to a DCT.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard describes a laboratory method to evaluate tires for their tendency to develop belt edge separation, via the use of a standard roadwheel (Practice F551/F551M). This evaluation is conducted on tires that have undergone accelerated laboratory aging as described in Practice F2838.  
1.2 The End-of-Test (EOT) conditions that can be produced by this method include target (belt-edge separation), non-target (conditions other than belt-related separations that can be developed in passenger and light truck tires through on-road use), and non-representative (conditions that are typically developed only on laboratory roadwheels). There is also the possibility that no visible EOT conditions may be generated during the course of this test. In this instance the user may choose to select a designated completion time (DCT) as the EOT condition.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the data log in Appendix X1 in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2021
• ICS: 83.160.01 - Tyres in general
• Technical Committee: F09 - Tires
• Drafting Committee: F09.30 - Laboratory (Non-Vehicular) Testing

Relations

• Refers: ASTM F2838-17 - Standard Practice for Accelerated Laboratory Aging of Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range E for the Laboratory Generation of Belt Separation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM F2838-10 - Standard Practice for Accelerated Laboratory Aging of Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range E for the Laboratory Generation of Belt Separation
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Refers: ASTM F551/F551M-09a - Standard Practice for Using a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] Diameter Laboratory Test Roadwheel in Testing Tires
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009
• Refers: ASTM F538-09 - Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2009
• Refers: ASTM F538-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Refers: ASTM F538-99 - Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999

Overview

ASTM F3015-21: Standard Test Method for Accelerated Laboratory Roadwheel Generation of Belt Separation in Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range E, establishes a laboratory procedure to evaluate the propensity of radial tires to develop belt edge separation. This standard is part of ongoing efforts in tire safety, aging, and durability in response to industry and regulatory demands, including recommendations from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and transportation safety legislation.

The method applies to tires that have previously undergone accelerated laboratory aging, ensuring that the laboratory-induced conditions closely replicate material changes observed from in-service use. By utilizing a standard roadwheel, this test generates forces and thermal environments that target the development of belt edge separations, a critical form of tire degradation often associated with elevated usage temperatures.

Key Topics

• Belt Edge Separation
  This condition involves the breakdown of bonding between the tire’s belts, plies, or tread-often leading to partial or complete failure in passenger car and light truck tires. Detecting belt separation before in-service failure is paramount for safety.

• Accelerated Laboratory Aging
  Prior to roadwheel testing, tires are aged under controlled conditions as specified in ASTM Practice F2838. This simulates years of use within a condensed timeframe and enables realistic evaluation of tires near the end of their service life.

• End-of-Test (EOT) Conditions
  The method identifies various EOT conditions including:

  • Target (belt edge separation)
  • Non-target (other field-representative tire failures)
  • Non-representative (failures only seen in laboratory conditions)
  • No change, in which a designated completion time (DCT) may be used

• Roadwheel Apparatus and Test Procedure
  The procedure uses a standardized laboratory roadwheel (per Practice F551/F551M), with methods in place to monitor inflation, load, speed, and ambient temperature.

• Safety and Reporting
  Safety precautions address risks due to weakened tires after oven-aging and during high-temperature testing. Detailed data logging and final reporting requirements ensure robust records for compliance and research.

Applications

The ASTM F3015-21 standard is fundamental to several stakeholders in the tire industry:

• Tire Manufacturers:
  Assess aging durability and identify belt separation risks in product development, quality assurance, or regulatory compliance testing.

• Testing Laboratories:
  Implement standardized procedures for accelerated tire aging and durability analysis, ensuring reliable and comparable results worldwide.

• Regulatory Bodies:
  Reference for updating safety protocols, investigating tire failures, or aligning with international safety standards.

• Automotive OEMs and Fleet Operators:
  Evaluate supplier tires or monitor aging performance to support fleet safety and performance goals.

By systematically accelerating and evaluating belt separation, the standard helps ensure the safety, durability, and reliability of tires under real-world conditions.

Related Standards

The following standards and technical resources are frequently referenced with ASTM F3015-21 for comprehensive tire evaluation:

• ASTM F551/F551M
  Practice for Using a 1.707-m Diameter Laboratory Test Roadwheel in Testing Tires

• ASTM F2838
  Practice for Accelerated Laboratory Aging of Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires for Belt Separation Generation

• ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025
  General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

• ETRTO Standards Manual (European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation)

• ISO 4000
  Passenger Car Tyres and Rims

• USTMA Tire Service Manual
  U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association reference for care and service

• TRA Year Book
  Tire and Rim Association standardized dimensions and usage guidelines

Utilizing ASTM F3015-21 ensures consistency in tire durability evaluation and supports global initiatives for improved automotive safety and tire longevity.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3015 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Accelerated Laboratory Roadwheel Generation of Belt
Separation in Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires
through Load Range E
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3015; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The United States Congress passed the Transportation Recall Enhancement, Accountability and
Documentation (TREAD) Act in November 2000. Included in the Act were specific directions to the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to upgrade tire safety standards.
As tire wear life has increased over the years, interest in the in-service aging of a tire’s internal
components has increased. To quote NHTSA, “. some members of Congress expressed the view that
thereisaneedforanagingtesttobeconductedonlightvehicletires.Theagencytentativelyconcludes
that we agree there is a need for an aging test in the proposed light vehicle tire standard because most
tire failures occur at mileages well beyond 2,720 kilometers (1,700 miles) to which tires are exposed
in the current FMVSS No. 109 Endurance Test.” Until the publication of this standard, there was
neither an industry nor a government standard practice for the accelerated laboratory roadwheel
generation of belt separation in tires.
This standard represents the body of work whose goal was to develop a scientifically valid, short
duration aged tire test standard focused on the generation of belt edge separation. The scope of this
work is limited to radial passenger car and light truck tires through Load Range E. The standards
development task group conducted research in order to determine: (1) the appropriate accelerated
laboratory aging conditions which correlate material property changes at the belt edge of the tire as
produced in the laboratory with those observed in service (as described in Practice F2838), and (2) the
appropriate laboratory roadwheel durability test parameters which are capable of producing belt edge
separations while avoiding those conditions which are exclusively by-products of roadwheel testing
(as described in this standard).
1. Scope use), and non-representative (conditions that are typically
developed only on laboratory roadwheels). There is also the
1.1 This standard describes a laboratory method to evaluate
possibility that no visible EOT conditions may be generated
tires for their tendency to develop belt edge separation, via the
during the course of this test. In this instance the user may
use of a standard roadwheel (Practice F551/F551M). This
choose to select a designated completion time (DCT) as the
evaluation is conducted on tires that have undergone acceler-
EOT condition.
ated laboratory aging as described in Practice F2838.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
1.2 The End-of-Test (EOT) conditions that can be produced
standard. The values given in the data log in Appendix X1 in
by this method include target (belt-edge separation), non-target
parentheses are provided for information only.
(conditions other than belt-related separations that can be
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
developed in passenger and light truck tires through on-road
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Vehicular) Testing.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F3015 – 13. DOI:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
10.1520/F3015-21.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Federal Register Vol. 67, No. 43, Tuesday, March 5, 2002, p. 10068, Paragraph
6, “Aging Effects.” ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3015 − 21
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.1.7 cold inflation pressure, n—thegaugepressureofatire,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical measured after equilibration at ambient temperature.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.8 designated completion time (DCT), n—a time period
selected by the user of the test method as an alternative to the
2. Referenced Documents
development of a tire test condition which triggers the end of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the test.
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-
3.1.9 end-of-test (EOT) condition, n—any tire finding ob-
formance of Tires
served and reported by the user at the completion of roadwheel
F551/F551M Practice for Using a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] Di-
testing.
ameter Laboratory Test Roadwheel in Testing Tires
3.1.9.1 Discussion—The test is completed when a target
F2838 Practice for Accelerated Laboratory Aging of Radial
condition, a non-target condition, a non-representative
Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range
condition, or a DCT has been achieved.
E for the Laboratory Generation of Belt Separation
3.1.10 inflation gas, n—the specific filling medium used to
2.2 Other Standards:
pressurize the tire cavity and maintain a specified gauge
ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 General requirements for the compe-
pressure (for example, oxygen/nitrogen gas mixture, air).
tence of testing and calibration laboratories
European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO)
3.1.11 measured inflation pressure, n—gauge pressure of a
Standards Manual
tire measured at a given time under ambient temperature and
ISO 4000 Passenger Car Tyres and Rims
barometric pressure. F538
Japan Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association Inc.
3.1.12 tire, n—a load-bearing ground-contacting circumfer-
(JATMA) Year Book
ential attachment to a vehicle wheel. F538
U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association (USTMA) Chapter 2,
USTMA Manual on Care and Service of Passenger and
4. Significance and Use
Light Truck Tires
4.1 Belt edge separation is a tire condition that can be
Tire and Rim Association (TRA) Year Book
encountered in tire use, particularly in high tire temperature
environments.
3. Terminology
4.2 The goal of this standard is to define a scientifically
3.1 Definitions:
valid protocol for the laboratory generation of belt edge
3.1.1 aging, accelerated laboratory (also: aging,
separation in a tire that has previously completed accelerated
laboratory), n—increasedrateoftirematerialpropertychanges
laboratory aging as described in Practice F2838. This test
under specified conditions, including temperature, inflation
method does not establish performance limits or tolerances for
pressure, oxygen concentration in the filling gas, and time.
tire specifications.
3.1.2 aging, in-service, n—material property changes within
4.3 However, as stated in the scope, some tires may not
tires due to consumer usage.
develop belt edge separations under the specified test condi-
3.1.3 aging, oven, n—accelerated laboratory aging in an
tions.They may develop other EOTconditions that are not due
elevated temperature environment.
to belt edge separation. Also, some tires may not develop any
3.1.4 belt, n—in a tire, a breaker that substantially restricts
EOT conditions during the course of the test prior to a DCT.
the carcass in a circumferential direction. F538
5. Apparatus
3.1.5 belt separation, n—a breakdown of bonding between
the belts or plies or tread, or combination thereof. F538
5.1 A roadwheel, as specified by Practice F551/F551M,
shall be used for this testing.
3.1.6 breaker, n—in a tire, one or more plies under the tread
region of a tire that are additional to those which extend from
5.2 Roadwheel control mechanisms shall be calibrated per
bead to bead. F538
the latest requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025.
3 6. Hazards
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Potential Hazards with Use of Tires from Practice
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F2838—Tires with prior oven exposure may be more likely to
the ASTM website.
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
experience a sudden loss of air upon pressurization, heating, or
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
due to fatigue than new tires not previously oven exposed.
Available from European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO), Rue
Personal protection should be implemented during handling,
Defacqz 78-80, B - 1060 Brussels, Belgium, http://www.etrto.org.
inflation, and inspection of tires with prior oven exposure.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
6.2 Hazards During Roadwheel Tire Testing—A tire is a
Available from The Japan Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association, Inc.
pressure vessel that becomes progressively weaker during a
(JATMA), 8 Floor, No. 33 Mori Bldg., 3-8-21 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo,
105-0001 Japan, http://www.jatma.or.jp.
roadwheel test, both because of fatigue damage and by the
Available from U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association (USTMA), 1400 K. St.
lower tensile strength of the components at the high tempera-
N.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005 (www.us-tires.org).
tures developed. Therefore, a catastrophic loss of air pressure
Available fromTire and RimAssociation, Inc. (TRA), 4000 Embassy Parkway,
Suite 390, Akron, OH 44333 (www.us-tra.org). shall be anticipated at every stage of the test. Such a failure
F3015 − 21
may be accompanied by fragments having a high energy level 8.2.5 Mount the tire on the wheel using air according to
being thrown from
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3015 − 13 F3015 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Accelerated Laboratory Roadwheel Generation of Belt
Separation in Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires
through Load Range E
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3015; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The United States Congress passed the Transportation Recall Enhancement, Accountability and
Documentation (TREAD) Act in November 2000. Included in the Act were specific directions to the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to upgrade tire safety standards.
As tire wear life has increased over the years, interest in the in-service aging of a tire’s internal
components has increased. To quote NHTSA, “. some members of Congress expressed the view that
there is a need for an aging test to be conducted on light vehicle tires. The agency tentatively concludes
that we agree there is a need for an aging test in the proposed light vehicle tire standard because most
tire failures occur at mileages well beyond 2,720 kilometers (1,700 miles) to which tires are exposed
in the current FMVSS No. 109 Endurance Test.” Until the publication of this standard, there was
neither an industry nor a government standard practice for the accelerated laboratory roadwheel
generation of belt separation in tires.
This standard represents the body of work whose goal was to develop a scientifically valid, short
duration aged tire test standard focused on the generation of belt edge separation. The scope of this
work is limited to radial passenger car and light truck tires through Load Range E. The standards
development task group conducted research in order to determine: (1) the appropriate accelerated
laboratory aging conditions which correlate material property changes at the belt edge of the tire as
produced in the laboratory with those observed in service (as described in Practice F2838), and (2) the
appropriate laboratory roadwheel durability test parameters which are capable of producing belt edge
separations while avoiding those conditions which are exclusively by-products of roadwheel testing
(as described in this standard).
1. Scope
1.1 This standard describes a laboratory method to evaluate tires for their tendency to develop belt edge separation, via the use
of a standard roadwheel (Practice F551/F551M). This evaluation is conducted on tires that have undergone accelerated laboratory
aging as described in Practice F2838.
1.2 The End-of-Test (EOT) conditions that can be produced by this method include target (belt-edge separation), non-target
(conditions other than belt-related separations that can be developed in passenger and light truck tires through on-road use), and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-Vehicular)
Testing.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2013April 1, 2021. Published January 2014May 2021. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
F3015 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/F3015-13.10.1520/F3015-21.
Federal Register Vol. 67, No. 43, Tuesday, March 5, 2002, p. 10068, Paragraph 6, “Aging Effects.”
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3015 − 21
non-representative (conditions that are typically developed only on laboratory roadwheels). There is also the possibility that no
visible EOT conditions may be generated during the course of this test. In this instance the user may choose to select a designated
completion time (DCT) as the EOT condition.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the data log in Appendix X1 in parentheses
are provided for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F538 Terminology Relating to Characteristics and Performance of Tires
F551/F551M Practice for Using a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] Diameter Laboratory Test Roadwheel in Testing Tires
F2838 Practice for Accelerated Laboratory Aging of Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range E for the
Laboratory Generation of Belt Separation
2.2 Other Standards:
ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO) Standards Manual
ISO 4000 Passenger Car Tyres and Rims
Japan Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association Inc. (JATMA) Year Book
U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association (USTMA) Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA): Volume 4: Tire Service Manual-
Chapter 2, USTMA Manual on Care and Service of Passenger and Light Truck Tires
Tire and Rim Association (TRA) Year Book
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 aging, accelerated laboratory (also: aging, laboratory), n—increased rate of tire material property changes under specified
conditions, including:including temperature, inflation pressure, oxygen concentration in the filling gas, and time.
3.1.2 aging, in-service, n—material property changes within tires due to consumer usage.
3.1.3 aging, oven, n—accelerated laboratory aging in an elevated temperature environment.
3.1.4 belt, n—in a tire, a breaker that substantially restricts the carcass in a circumferential direction. F538
3.1.5 belt separation, n—a breakdown of bonding between the belts or plies or tread, or combination thereof. F538
3.1.6 breaker, n—in a tire, one or more plies under the tread region of a tire that are additional to those which extend from bead
to bead. F538
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO), Rue Defacqz 78-80, B - 1060 Brussels, Belgium, http://www.etrto.org.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Available from The Japan Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association, Inc. (JATMA), 8 Floor, No. 33 Mori Bldg., 3-8-21 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001
Japan, http://www.jatma.or.jp.
Available from Rubber Manufacturers Association, U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association (USTMA), 1400 K. St. N.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005.20005
(www.us-tires.org).
Available from Tire and Rim Association, Inc. (TRA), 175 Montrose West Ave., Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321, http://www.us-tra.org.4000 Embassy Parkway, Suite 390,
Akron, OH 44333 (www.us-tra.org).
F3015 − 21
3.1.7 cold inflation pressure, n—the gauge pressure of a tire, measured after equilibration at ambient temperature.
3.1.8 designated completion time (DCT), n—a time period selected by the user of the test method as an alternative to the
development of a tire test condition which triggers the end of the test.
3.1.9 end-of-test (EOT) condition, n—any tire finding observed and reported by the user at the completion of roadwheel testing.
3.1.9.1 Discussion—
The test is completed when a target condition, a non-target condition, a non-representative condition, or a DCT has been achieved.
3.1.10 inflation gas, n—the specific filling medium used to pressurize the tire cavity and maintain a specified gauge pressure (for
example, oxygen/nitrogen gas mixture, air).
3.1.11 measured inflation pressure, n—gauge pressure of a tire measured at a given time under ambient temperature and
barometric pressure source.pressure. F538
3.1.12 tire, n—a load-bearing ground-contacting circumferential attachment to a vehicle wheel. F538
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Belt edge separation is a tire condition that can be encountered in tire use, particularly in high tire temperature environments.
4.2 The goal of this standard is to define a scientifically valid protocol for the laboratory generation of belt edge separation in a
tire that has previously completed accelerated laboratory aging as described in Practice F2838. This test method does not establish
performance limits or tolerances for tire specifications.
4.3 However, as stated in the scope, some tires may not develop belt edge separations under the specified test conditions. They
may develop other EOT conditions that are not due to belt edge separation. Also, some tires may not develop any EOT conditions
during the course of the test prior to a DCT.
5. Apparatus
5.1 A roadwheel, as specified by Practice F551/F551M, shall be used for this testing.
5.2 Roadwheel control mechanisms shall be calibrated per the latest requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025.
6. Hazards
6.1 Potential Hazards with Use of Tires from Practice F2838—Tires with prior oven exposure may be more likely to experience
a sudden loss of air upon pressurization, heating, or due to fatigue than new tires not previously oven exposed. Personal protection
should be implemented during handling, inflation, and inspection of tires with prior oven exposure.
6.2 Hazards During Roadwheel Tire Testing—A tire is a pressure vessel that becomes progressively weaker during a roadwheel
test, both because of fatigue damage and by the lower tensile strength of the components at the high temperatures developed.
Therefore, a catastrophic loss of air pressure shall be anticipated at every stage of the test. Such a failure may be accompanied by
fragments having a high energy level being thrown from the degenerated tire. Adequ
...