ASTM F551/F551M-16(2022)

Standard Practice for Using a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] Diameter Laboratory Test Roadwheel in Testing Tires

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The 1.707-m [67.23-in.] diameter laboratory test roadwheel is one of the most extensively employed testing devices for tire durability and endurance testing.  
5.2 This test apparatus operating in the laboratory at controlled surface speeds, loads, and ambient temperatures simulates, to a degree, tire-operating conditions resembling actual service. Because of the roadwheel curvature, the test tire is fatigued more rapidly than a tire operating on a road.  
5.3 The laboratory roadwheel described in this practice is suitable for comparative evaluation of tires under controlled operating and environmental conditions.  
5.4 While the laboratory roadwheel may not reproduce structural fatigue exactly as it occurs in service, the laboratory wheel can be used to produce fatigue under controlled conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] diameter laboratory roadwheel for durability and endurance testing of tires under controlled operating and environmental conditions.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7 and Note 1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2022
• ICS: 83.160.01 - Tyres in general
• Technical Committee: F09 - Tires
• Drafting Committee: F09.10 - Equipment, Facilities and Calibration

Relations

• Refers: ASTM F538-09 - Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2009
• Refers: ASTM F538-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Refers: ASTM F538-99 - Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F551/F551M − 16 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Practice for
Using a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] Diameter Laboratory Test
Roadwheel in Testing Tires
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F551/F551M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for a 1.707-m 4.1 This practice describes the specifications and dimen-
[67.23-in.] diameter laboratory roadwheel for durability and sions of a 1.707-m [67.23-in.] diameter laboratory roadwheel
endurance testing of tires under controlled operating and system for testing of one or more tire assemblies under
environmental conditions. controlled conditions. It also describes the calibration proce-
dures for the standard operation of the wheel.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
5. Significance and Use
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
5.1 The 1.707-m [67.23-in.] diameter laboratory test road-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
wheel is one of the most extensively employed testing devices
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
for tire durability and endurance testing.
with the standard.
5.2 This test apparatus operating in the laboratory at con-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
trolled surface speeds, loads, and ambient temperatures
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
simulates, to a degree, tire-operating conditions resembling
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
actual service. Because of the roadwheel curvature, the test tire
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
is fatigued more rapidly than a tire operating on a road.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.3 The laboratory roadwheel described in this practice is
For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7 and Note
suitable for comparative evaluation of tires under controlled
1.
operating and environmental conditions.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.4 While the laboratory roadwheel may not reproduce
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
structural fatigue exactly as it occurs in service, the laboratory
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
wheel can be used to produce fatigue under controlled condi-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
tions.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Laboratory Test Roadwheel—A laboratory test road-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
wheel consists of a large steel wheel against which one or more
F538 Terminology Relating to Characteristics and Perfor-
tire-wheel assemblies are pressed at specific loads (see Fig. 1).
mance of Tires
6.1.1 The roadwheel shall have an outside diameter of 1.707
m [67.23 in.] 6 0.5 %. This dimension originated from the
3. Terminology
choice of the circumference of the roadwheel as being ⁄300
3.1 Definitions—Definitions given in Terminology F538 are
mile.
regarded as standard.
6.1.2 The width of the roadwheel shall be such that the
edges are not in contact with the tire under test.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F09 on Tires and is
6.1.3 The surface roughness of the roadwheel that is in
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.10 on Equipment, Facilities and
contactwiththetireshallnotbeinexcessof3.18µm[125µin.]
Calibration.
and must be continuous and without holes or projections.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
Where it is necessary to provide for the affixing of special test
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F551/F551M – 16.
DOI: 10.1520/F0551_F0551M-16R22.
accessories such as cleats, the empty bolt holes in the path of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the tire contact width should be plugged, so as to match the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
wheel curvature and be within the maximum specified surface
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. roughness.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F551/F551M − 16 (2022)
FIG. 1 Laboratory Tire Test Roadwheel
6.1.4 The total indicated radial runout of the wheel shall not 6.5.2 Optional equipment may be provided to indicate or
exceed 0.25 mm [0.01 in.]. record, or both, the load, ambient temperature, and inflation
pressure, and to record the roadwheel speed.
6.2 Loading System:
6.2.1 The loading system shall be capable of applying and 6.6 Control Tolerances on Speed, Load, and Distance:
controlling the tire loading force to the desired level.
6.2.2 Thetireloadingforceshallpassthroughtheaxisofthe
tire under test and the axis of the roadwheel at all times.
6.2.3 The axis of rotation of the roadwheel and the axis of
rotation of the tire undergoing test shall be parallel within 10
min of arc for camber and slip angle.
6.2.4 Each tire-loading system should be equipped with a
device that causes the tire to be retracted from the roadwheel
immediately upon its reaching a preset deflection indicative of
tire failure or air loss.
6.3 Drive—The drive shall be capable of rotating the road-
wheel and maintaining the desired surface speed under all load
conditions.
6.4 Ambient Temperature Conditions—Please refer to the
test method used for specifics regarding ambient temperature
and measuring distance requirements. If there is no referenced
test method, ambient temperature surrounding the tires shall be
controlled at 38 6 3ºC [100 6 5ºF] measured at a point located
305 6 37 mm [12 6 1.5 in.] from any point of the edge of the
rim flange for all operating conditions.
6.5 Instrumentation:
6.5.1 Equipment shall be provided to indicate roadwheel
surface speed and to provide a measure of the linear equivalent
distance traveled.
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