ASTM F2551-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Installing a Protective Cementitious Liner System in Sanitary Sewer Manholes
Standard Practice for Installing a Protective Cementitious Liner System in Sanitary Sewer Manholes
ABSTRACT
This practice describes the procedures involved in the structural reinforcement, sealing, protection, and rehabilitation of sanitary sewer manholes by the application of a prepackaged protective cementitious liner system to all cleaned interior surface from the bottom of the frame to the bench. The manholes to which the cementitious liner shall be applied may be made of brick, concrete, block, and various other materials. Detailed descriptions are given for all prepackaged materials necessary for this practice that include materials for substrate repairs, cementitious repair materials, infiltration water control materials, cementitious water control materials, chemical grout materials, and lining materials. Detailed descriptions are also provided for each procedure involved here which includes surface preparation, high pressure cleaning, surface repair, mixing of prepackaged cementitious repair materials, spray application of the cement liner by manual surface sealing or centrifugal cast process, and curing of the freshly applied cementitious mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes all the work required to structurally reinforce, seal, and protect sanitary sewer manholes. Applications include applying a prepackaged cementitious liner that can function as a full depth restoration or a partial depth repair. A uniform high-strength, fiber-reinforced cementitious mortar should be manually sprayed and hand troweled or centrifugally cast in a uniform, prescribed thickness to all cleaned, interior surfaces from the bottom of the frame to the bench. The cementitious liner may be applied to manholes constructed of brick, concrete, block, and various other materials.
1.2 A manufacturer’s approved applicator shall furnish the complete application of the protective, prepackaged cementitious liner material. All of the cleaning, preparation, and application procedures shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Manholes are permit required confined spaces in accordance with OSHA definition and should be treated as such, requiring confined space entry permits, appropriate monitoring equipment, and the associated personal protective equipment.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F2551 − 09
StandardPractice for
Installing a Protective Cementitious Liner System in
Sanitary Sewer Manholes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2551; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Asanitary sewer manhole may be repaired or rehabilitated by applying a prepackaged cementitious
liner to the interior surface after it has been properly prepared and cleaned. Sanitary sewer manholes
can be damaged by dynamic loading, abrasion, erosion, and corrosion.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification describes all the work required to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
structurally reinforce, seal, and protect sanitary sewer man-
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
holes. Applications include applying a prepackaged cementi-
drical Concrete Specimens
tious liner that can function as a full depth restoration or a
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
partial depth repair. A uniform high-strength, fiber-reinforced
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
cementitious mortar should be manually sprayed and hand
Specimens)
troweled or centrifugally cast in a uniform, prescribed thick-
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
ness to all cleaned, interior surfaces from the bottom of the
pounds for Curing Concrete
frame to the bench. The cementitious liner may be applied to
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
manholes constructed of brick, concrete, block, and various
Concrete
other materials.
C969 Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance
1.2 A manufacturer’s approved applicator shall furnish the
Testing of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
complete application of the protective, prepackaged cementi-
C1140 Practice for Preparing and Testing Specimens from
tious liner material. All of the cleaning, preparation, and
Shotcrete Test Panels
application procedures shall be in accordance with the manu-
C1244 Test Method for Concrete Sewer Manholes by the
facturer’s recommendations.
Negative Air Pressure (Vacuum) Test Prior to Backfill
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C1315 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical pounds Having Special Properties for Curing and Sealing
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Concrete
and are not considered standard.
F2414 Practice for Sealing Sewer Manholes Using Chemical
Grouting
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 ACI Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ACI 301-05 Specifications for Structural Concrete
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ACI 305R-99 Hot Weather Concreting
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Manholes are
ACI 306R-88 Cold Weather Concreting
permit required confined spaces in accordance with OSHA
ACI 308R Practice for Curing Concrete
definition and should be treated as such, requiring confined
ACI 506R Guide to Shotcrete
space entry permits, appropriate monitoring equipment, and
the associated personal protective equipment.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F36 on Technology contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
on Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. DOI: 10.1520/ Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
F2551-09. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2551 − 09
2.3 ICRI Technical Guidelines: 4.6 Other Materials—No other material shall be used with
Guideline No. 03732 Selecting and Specifying Concrete or added to the prepackaged cementitious liner materials
Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, and Polymer without prior written approval from the manufacturer.
Overlays
Guideline No. 03737 Guide for the Preparation of Concrete
5. Surface Preparation, Cleaning, and Repair
Surfaces for Repair Using Hydro-demolition Methods
5.1 The applicator is responsible to ensure that the manhole
is properly cleaned and prepared.
3. Ordering Information
5.2 Place wooden or plastic covers or other protective
3.1 Submittals—Orders for all prepackaged materials listed
devices over the sewer manhole invert while cleaning the
under this practice shall include the following:
manhole wall and bench sections before applying the prepack-
3.1.1 Product data, including manufacturer and brand name;
aged cementitious liner. Wire mesh and fabric filters allowing
3.1.2 Technical data stipulating physical characteristics of
water to pass are also acceptable.
applied liner material; and
3.1.3 Manufacturer’s Safety Data Sheets. 5.3 Remove all foreign materials from the manhole wall and
bench sections. Remove all loose and protruding bricks,
3.2 Delivery, Storage, and Handling:
mortar, and concrete. Remove metal, plastic, or brick stairs, if
3.2.1 The prepackaged cementitious materials should be
required, before applying the new liner. Fill any large voids
stored according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. No
with fast setting cementitious repair material.
modification should be made to the manufacturer’s recommen-
dations for handling and delivery of these products.
5.4 Surface Cleaning Procedures:
5.4.1 High Pressure Cleaning—Properly cleaning the sur-
4. Materials and Manufacture
face of the structure is critical to the success of this rehabili-
4.1 All prepackaged materials shall be designed, tation method. Use a high-pressure washer delivering a mini-
manufactured, and intended for sewer manhole rehabilitation
mum of 3500 psi (2413 MPa). A minimum of two and a half
and the specific application in which they are used. Each gallons per minute (9.46 litres per minute) should be delivered
material shall be designed for application over damp surfaces
through the spray tip. The spray tip should be kept between 6
without degradation of the final product or the bond between and 12 in. (15.24 and 30.48 cm) from the surface and be held
the product and the manhole surface.
at an angle between 45° and 90° to the surface being cleaned.
The spray tip should be directed across the surface at a speed
4.2 Materials for Substrate Repairs—All voids and irregu-
of no more than one foot per second (0.3 metres per second).
larities of the substrate should be filled or repaired with
If the surface is especially dirty or greasy, cleaning agents may
structurally sound materials before applying the cementitious
be added to the pressure washer water or the water may be
liner material.
heated. When hot water is required, it should be heated to
4.2.1 Cementitious Repair Materials—Hand mix and apply
210°F (99°C). Care should be taken to clean the frame sealing
for filling voids and reforming benches and resurfacing the
surface where the lid fits into the frame, removing any debris
brick, concrete walls, and bench surfaces of the sewer man-
or other materials that negatively impact the lids ability to seal
hole.Mixthecementrepairmaterialandapplyaccordingtothe
against the frame. Cleaning should begin with the frame
manufacturer’s instructions. The cementitious liner material
surface and progress down to and include the bench.Arotating
can be used as the repair material.
spray nozzle may be used for cleaning, if it meets pressure and
4.3 Infiltration Water Control Materials—Specifically for-
flow requirements. Care should be taken to avoid further
mulated for stopping water leaks and minor infiltration.
structural damage to the existing surface.
4.3.1 Cementitious Water Control Materials—Used to stop
5.4.2 In some situations, when removing existing coatings
flowing water leaks in concrete and masonry structures. This
or linings, pneumatic hammers, hydro-demolition, or sand
material may be applied in dry form directly to the leak area or
blasting may be required. Refer to Guideline No. 03732 or
mixed with potable water to a soft putty consistency for larger
Guideline No. 03737.
active leaks. This material is held in place until it sets and the
5.4.3 Some substrates may require more surface preparation
leak stops. Mix and use according to the manufacturer’s
including acid washing. If acid washing is performed, the acid
instructions.
cleaned surface should be neutralized.
4.3.2 No modification should be made to the products
5.4.4 Remove any loose material after all preparations and
recommendations for handling, mixing, placing, and finishing
cleaning has been completed. Do not allow soil, sand, debris,
without the manufacturers prior written approval.
or runoff to enter the sewer system. Properly dispose of any
4.4 Chemical Grout Material—To stop water leaks and
deleterious materials removed from the manhole according to
infiltration with chemical grout, refer to Practice F2414.
local, state, and federal guidelines.
4.5 Lining Material—Prepackaged cementitious lining ma-
5.5 Surface Repair:
terials are specifically designed to repair or rehabilitate sewer
5.5.1 Repair the Invert and Bench Sections—Repair any
manhole.
invert and bench section that exhibits visible damage,
degradation, or water infiltration. Remove obstructions and
loose materials from benches prior to shaping inverts. Form
Available from the International Concrete Repair Institute, Inc. (ICRI), 3166 S.
River Road, Ste 132, Des Plaines,
...
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