ASTM D3810-97(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Minimum Application Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures
Standard Test Method for Minimum Application Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant Closures
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of or the recommendation for minimum application torque that results in a fully degraded removal torque that is at a level greater than the maximum expected reverse-ratchet torque for a Type IA child-resistant closure. (See Classification D 3475).
1.2 This test method provides a procedure that will assure the maintenance of the respective child-resistant properties of Type IA child-resistant closures.
1.3 A major limitation to the determination of minimum application torque of Type IA child-resistant closures is because many cappers lack the capability for measuring closure application torques; therefore, minimal recommendations derived from this method are, of necessity, defined in terms of the immediate removal torques.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D3810–97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Minimum Application Torque of Type IA Child-Resistant
Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3810; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Standards:
16 CFR 1700 Title 16—Commercial Practices, Chapter
1.1 This test method covers the determination of or the
II—CPSC, Subchapter E, Poison Prevention Packaging
recommendationforminimumapplicationtorquethatresultsin
Act of 1970 Regulations, Part 1700—Poison Prevention
a fully degraded removal torque that is at a level greater than
Packaging
the maximum expected reverse-ratchet torque for a Type IA
ISO Bulletin 2233 Packaging—Complete, Filled, Transport
child-resistant closure. (See Classification D 3475).
Packages—Part 2: Conditioning for Testing
1.2 This test method provides a procedure that will assure
the maintenance of the respective child-resistant properties of
3. Terminology
Type IA child-resistant closures.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 A major limitation to the determination of minimum
3.1.1 Type IA child-resistant closure—a reclosable continu-
application torque of Type IA child-resistant closures is be-
ous thread closure requiring a random push-down force while
cause many cappers lack the capability for measuring closure
turning to remove from the container. No orientation of the
application torques; therefore, minimal recommendations de-
push-down force is necessary.
rivedfromthismethodare,ofnecessity,definedintermsofthe
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
immediate removal torques.
3.2.1 application torque—the moment of a force or the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
system of forces tending to cause rotation of an appropriate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
closure over the neck finish of an appropriate container,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
causing the closure to be applied and secured to the container.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 removal torque—the moment of a force or the system
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of forces tending to cause rotation of an appropriate closure in
2. Referenced Documents adirectionoppositetothatofapplicationcausingtheclosureto
be unsecured from its position on the neck finish of an
2.1 ASTM Standards:
appropriate container.
D 3198 Test Method for Application and Removal Torque
3.2.3 reverse-ratchet torque—the moment of a force or the
of Threaded or Lug-Style Closures
system of forces tending to cause rotation of the outer shell
D 3472 Test Method for Reverse-Ratchet Torque of Type
over the inner shell of a Type IA child-resistant closure. The
IA Child-Resistant Closures
rotationisinadirectionoppositetothatforclosureapplication.
D 3474 Practice for The Calibration and Use of Torque
3.2.4 degraded removal torque—that removal torque found,
Meters Used in Packaging Applications
after a suitable period of storage of the package under
D 3475 Classification of Child-Resistant Packages
controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity,
when the liner (or cap, if there is no liner) is at a completely
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
relaxed state and when no significant change occurs in the
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.31 on Child
removal torque after this period of storage.
Resistant Packaging.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Originally
published as D 3810 – 79. Last previous edition D 3810 – 91.
2 3
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contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM DC 20402.
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the ASTM website. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
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D3810–97 (2002)
NOTE 2—While the greater portion of the torque change may be
4. Summary of Test Method
expectedtooccurwithintheinitialthreedaysafterclosureapplication,the
4.1 Representative samples of Type IA child-resistant clo-
torque may continue to change for some additional time.
sures and appropriate containers are preconditioned in a
7.1.2 Datapointsshouldincludeimmediatetesting,oneday,
controlled environment of temperature and relative humidity.
one week, two weeks, three weeks, and four weeks.
4.2 Representative samples of Type IA child-resistant clo-
7.1.3 Select unused closures, complete with liners if appro-
sures are then applied to appropriate containers using a
priate, and unused containers, with the correct corresponding
torque-measuring device.
size finish, that are within specifications.
4.3 Reverse-ratchet torque ranges are determined by using
Test Method D 3472.
8. Calibration
4.4 Application torque level ranges are evaluated by using
8.1 Calculate the torque meter in accordance with Practice
Test Method D 3198.
D 3474.
4.5 Tests are continued over an appropriate period of time
sufficient to demonstrate no significant change in closure
9. Conditioning
removal torque levels.
9.1 Control the relative humidity and temperature condi-
5. Significance and Use
tionsinsuchawaythatthedatamaybereasonablycomparable
5.1 This test method may be used to: when repetitive testing of closure-container combinations for
5.2 Compare the functioning of two or more kinds of Type
removal torque is intended. The atmosphere conditions in
IA closures. Table 1 may be used when special conditioning is applicable.
5.3 Determine or aid in the recommendations for minimum
Other atmosphere conditions may also be used as appropriate.
immediate removal torque or minimum application torque for
NOTE 3—Closure application and removal torque levels may be influ-
the proper securing of Type IA child-resistant closures after
enced by such variables as time, temperature, relative humidity, and
evaluation of the torque degradation characteristics of the
conditioning of the closures and containers prior to testing and by
closure-container system.
temperature and relative humidity during storage and at the time of
testing.
5.4 Compare immediate removal torque to fully degraded,
with long-term storage, removal torque for a given closure-
9.2 Precondition the components separately in a controlled
container system.
environment of temperature and relative humidity a minimum
5.5 Provide for the evaluation of one aspect of child-
of 48 h prior to their being combined into closure-container
resistant closure continuous functioning by projected reverse-
systemstobeevaluated.Donotstackthecomponentstoassure
ratchet abuse.
an adequate circulation of air around them.
5.6 Compare application torque retentions of given Type IA
9.2.1 For temperatures that are considered to be extreme, a
closures following a change in lining material, closure mate-
tolerance of 63°C is recommended. For temperatures that are
rial, container type, or any other change from the closure-
not considered to be extreme, a tolerance of 62°C is recom-
container system initially evaluated.
mended. For relative humidi
...
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