ASTM D7398-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 to 615°C by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 to 615<span class='unicode'>°</span>C by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The boiling range distribution of FAMES provides an insight into the composition of product related to the transesterification process. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.
Biodiesel (FAMES) exhibits a boiling point rather than a distillation curve. The fatty acid chains in the raw oils and fats from which biodiesel is produced are mainly comprised of straight chain hydrocarbons with 16 to 18 carbons that have similar boiling temperatures. The atmospheric boiling point of biodiesel generally ranges from 330 to 357°C. The Specification D6751 value of 360°C max at 90 % off by Test Method D1160 was incorporated as an precaution to ensure the fuel has not been adulterated with high boiling contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). This test method is applicable to FAMES (biodiesel, B100) having an initial boiling point greater than 100°C and a final boiling point less than 615°C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method.
1.2 The test method can also be applicable to blends of diesel and biodiesel (B1 through B100), however precision for these samples types has not been evaluated.
1.3 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils).
1.4 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillation such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160, especially the initial and final boiling points.
1.5 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. See Test Methods D2887, D6352, and D7213.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7398 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
(FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 to 615°C by Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7398; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheboiling 2.1 ASTM Standards:
rangedistributionoffattyacidmethylesters(FAME).Thistest D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
method is applicable to FAMES (biodiesel, B100) having an Atmospheric Pressure
initialboilingpointgreaterthan100°Candafinalboilingpoint D1160TestMethodforDistillationofPetroleumProductsat
less than 615°C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this Reduced Pressure
test method. D2887Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
1.2 The test method can also be applicable to blends of
D2892Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
diesel and biodiesel (B1 through B100), however precision for
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
these samples types has not been evaluated.
D4626Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
1.3 The test method is not applicable for analysis of
Response Factors
petroleum containing low molecular weight components (for
D6352Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils).
troleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 °C to 700
1.4 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method °C by Gas Chromatography
D6751Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillation
such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160, for Middle Distillate Fuels
especially the initial and final boiling points. D7213Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
troleum Distillates in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to
1.5 This test method uses the principles of simulated distil-
615 °C by Gas Chromatography
lation methodology. See Test Methods D2887, D6352, and
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
D7213.
ships
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E594Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
only.
E1510Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 This test method makes reference to many common
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
gas chromatographic procedures, terms, and relationships.
Detailed definitions of these can be found in Practices E355,
E594, and E1510.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7398-07. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7398-11. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7398 − 11
3.1.2 biodiesel, n—fuel composed of mono-alkyl esters of 4. Summary of Test Method
long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
4.1 The boiling range distribution by distillation is simu-
fats, designated B100.
lated by the use of gas chromatography. A non-polar open
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: tubular(capillary)gaschromatographiccolumnisusedtoelute
thehydrocarbonandFAMEcomponentsofthesampleinorder
3.2.1 areaslice,n—arearesultingfromtheintegrationofthe
of increasing boiling point.
chromatographic detector signal within a specified retention
time interval. In area slice mode (6.4.2), peak detection
4.2 A sample aliquot is diluted with a viscosity reducing
parameters are bypassed and the detector signal
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7398–07 Designation: D7398 – 11
Standard Test Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
(FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 to 615°C by Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7398; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). This test
method is applicable to FAMES (biodiesel, B100) having an initial boiling point greater than 100°C and a final boiling point less
than 615°C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method.
1.2 The test method can also be applicable to blends of diesel and biodiesel (B1 through B100), however precision for these
samples types has not been evaluated.
1.3 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum containing low molecular weight components (for example
naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils).
1.4 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillation such
as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160, especially the initial and final boiling points.
1.5 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. See Test Methods D2887, D6352, and D7213.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D6352 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 to 700C by Gas
Chromatography
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
D7213 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in the Boiling Range from 100 to 615C by Gas
Chromatography
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 This test method makes reference to many common gas chromatographic procedures, terms, and relationships. Detailed
definitions of these can be found in Practices E355, E594, and E1510.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04.0H
on Chromatographic Distribution Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. DOI: 10.1520/D7398-07.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7398-07. DOI:
10.1520/D7398-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7398 – 11
3.1.2 biodiesel, n—fuel composed of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated B100.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 area slice, n—area resulting from the integration of the chromatographic detector signal within a specified retention time
interval. In area slice mode
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.