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ASTM B418-06

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes

Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zin anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments. The anodes shall undergo chemical analysis and spectrochemical analysis and shall conform to the required chemical compositions of aluminum, cadmium, iron, lead, copper, and zinc.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments.
1.2 Type I anodes are most commonly used for such applications. The Type I anode composition in this specification meets the chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-18001J.
1.3 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where experience has shown that the specified composition is efficient and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such applications.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2006
ICS
25.220.01 - Surface treatment and coating in general
Technical Committee
B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B02.04 - Zinc and Cadmium
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B418-01 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
Effective Date
01-Dec-2006
Replaced By
ASTM B418-08 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Referred By
ASTM B949-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
Effective Date
01-Dec-2006

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ASTM B418-06 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc AnodesASTM B418-06 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
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ASTM B418-06 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 418 – 06
Standard Specification for
1
Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E 536 TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofZincandZinc
Alloys
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc
2.2 Military Standard:
anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals
MIL-A-18001J Military Specification Anodes, Corrosion
and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electro-
2
Preventative, Zinc, Slab Disc, and Rod Shaped
lytes, or other corrosive environments.
1.2 Type I anodes are most commonly used for such
3. Terminology
applications. The Type I anode composition in this specifica-
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
tion meets the chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-
B 899.
18001J.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be
3.2.1 cathodic protection, n—reduction of corrosion by
used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where
making the protected metal the cathode in a conducting
experiencehasshownthatthespecifiedcompositionisefficient
medium by applying direct current.
and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such
3.2.2 galvanic anode, n—a metal electrode that sacrificially
applications.
corrodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conducting
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
medium, and thereby supplies a protective electric current to
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
the noble electrode.
information only.
3.2.3 ribbon anode, n—a long, continuous sacrificial anode
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
shape, with a diamond, square, rectangular, oval, or other
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cross-section, most commonly made of zinc, magnesium or
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
aluminum, having a core wire normally made of steel, that is
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
usually supplied in coils or reels of 100 to 3600 ft depending
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
upon size and cross-section.
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
3.2.4 saline electrolyte, n—a solution consisting of mainly
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
the chlorides of the alkali metals.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Ordering Information
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Orders for anodes under this specification shall include
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the following information:
B6 Specification for Zinc
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
B 899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and
4.1.2 Type of anode material (see Table 1),
Alloys
4.1.3 Quantity in pounds,
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.1.4 Number of anodes,
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.5 Size of anode and whether contains rod insert and if
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
so, type of insert and whether contains bolt hole and if so,
whether threaded.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B 418 – 01. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B418–06
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Iron, Lead, Copper, Others,
C
Zinc ,
B
Type (UNS) Aluminum, % Cadmium, % max, max, max, Total,
%
% % % %
Type I (Z32120) 0.1–0.5 0.025–0.07 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.1 remainder
Type II (Z13000) 0.005 max 0.003 max 0.0014 0.003 0.002 . remainder
A
The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, the observed value or calculated value
obtained from analysis shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right hand place of figures used in expressing the spec
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zin anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments. The anodes shall undergo chemical analysis and spectrochemical analysis and shall conform to the required chemical compositions of aluminum, cadmium, iron, lead, copper, and zinc.
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1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments.  
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4.1 The present trend in environmental testing of materials with electrically conductive surfaces is to produce, under accelerated laboratory conditions, corrosion and film-forming reactions that are similar to those that cause failures in service environments. In many of these procedures the parts under test are exposed for days or weeks to controlled quantities of both water vapor and pollutant gases, which may be present in extremely dilute concentrations.
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4.1 An important aspect of the appearance of glossy coating surfaces is the distinctness (clarity) of images reflected by them. The values obtained in this measuring procedure correlate well with visual ratings for DOI (image clarity).  
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SCOPE
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5.1 Knowledge of the critical surface tension of substrates, primers and other coatings is useful for explaining or predicting wettability by paints and other coatings applied to those surfaces. Surfaces with low critical surface tensions usually are prone to suffer defects such as crawling, picture framing, cratering and loss of adhesion when painted. Low or irregular values, or both, often are indicative of contamination that could reduce adhesion. Surfaces with high critical surface tensions are easy to wet and usually provide an excellent platform for painting.  
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SCOPE
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4.2 Sensors and Sensor Arrays—Depending on the application, either a single-sensing element sensor or a sensor array can be used for coating characterization. A sensor array provides a better capability to map spatial variations in coating thickness or conductivity, or both (reflecting, for example, porosity variations), and provides better throughput for scanning large areas. The size of the sensor footprint and the size and number of sensing elements within an array depend on the application requirements and constraints, and the nonconductive (for example, ceramic) coating thickness.  
4.3 Coating Thickness Range—The conductive coating thickness range over which a sensor performs best depends on the difference between the electrical conductivity of the substrate and conductive coating and available frequency range. For example, a specific sensor geometry with a specific frequency range for impedance measurements may provide acceptable performance for an MCrAlY coating over a nickel-alloy substrate for a relatively wide range of conductive coating thickness, for example, from 75 to 400 μm (0.003 to 0.016 in.). Yet, for another conductive coating-substrate combination, this range may be 10 to 100 μm (0.0004 to 0.004 in.). The coating characterization performance may also depend on the thick...
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SCOPE
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Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Exterior Pipeline Coatings at Elevated Temperatures Using Interior Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Damage to a pipe coating is almost unavoidable during transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Spontaneous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. Usually exterior pipeline coatings applied over pipes carrying hot media (oil, gas) are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and low temperature outside and subjected to temperature gradient. Heat flux is directed from metal (substrate) to the coating. This test method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbondment to occur under simulated heating and provides a measure of resistance of coatings to this type of action.  
4.2 The effects of the test are to be evaluated by physical examinations and monitoring the current drawn by the test specimens. Usually there is no correlation between the two methods of evaluation, but both methods are significant. Physical examination consists of assessing the effective contact of the coating with the metal surface in terms of observed differences in the relative adhesive bond. It is usually found that the cathodically disbonded area propagates from an area where adhesion is zero to an area where adhesion reaches the original level. An intermediate zone of decreased adhesion may also be present.  
4.3 Assumptions associated with test results include:  
4.3.1 Maximum adhesion, or bond, is found in the coating that was not immersed in the test liquid, and  
4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the result of cathodic disbondment.  
4.4 Ability to resist disbondment is a desired quality on a comparative basis, but disbondment in this test method is not necessarily an adverse indication of coating performance. The virtue of this...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes an accelerated procedure for determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to the exterior of steel pipe for the purpose of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in underground or immersion where the pipe is carrying heated media and is under cathodic protection. This test method is intended for use with samples of coated pipe, or with a specimen cut from the section of coated pipe or flat plates and is applicable to such samples when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical barrier.  
1.2 This test method is intended to simulate conditions when external coatings are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and to an ambient temperature outside, and thus are subjected to temperature gradient. If elevated temperatures are required but without temperature gradient, see Test Method G42.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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    English language
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off