ASTM E1009-95(2006)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating an Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometer to Analyze Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel (Withdrawn 2015)
Standard Practice for Evaluating an Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometer to Analyze Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel (Withdrawn 2015)
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers evaluation of an optical emission vacuum spectrometer to analyze carbon and low-alloy steels. It covers instruments used for the analysis of solid samples taken from molten metal for production control or from products to confirm the composition. Both pre-installation and post-installation precision and accuracy are included in the evaluation.
1.2 While are specific for plain carbon and low-alloy steel, they could be supplemented by similar tables for other materials.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice covered evaluation of an optical emission vacuum spectrometer to analyze carbon and low-alloy steels.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials, this practice was withdrawn in January 2015 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E1009 − 95(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Practice for
Evaluating an Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometer to
Analyze Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1009; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E406 Practice for Using Controlled Atmospheres in Spec-
trochemical Analysis
1.1 This practice covers evaluation of an optical emission
E528 Practice for Grounding Basic Optical Emission Spec-
vacuum spectrometer to analyze carbon and low-alloy steels. It
trochemical Equipment (Withdrawn 1998)
covers instruments used for the analysis of solid samples taken
E876 Practice for Use of Statistics in the Evaluation of
from molten metal for production control or from products to
Spectrometric Data (Withdrawn 2003)
confirm the composition. Both pre-installation and post-
installation precision and accuracy are included in the evalua-
3. Terminology
tion.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
1.2 While Tables 1–3 are specific for plain carbon and
practice, refer to Terminology E135 and Practice E876.
low-alloy steel, they could be supplemented by similar tables
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
for other materials.
3.2.1 accuracy—the closeness of a spectrochemical deter-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mination to an accepted reference; it is affected by imprecision
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the and bias.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 standard error (SE)—although primarily a calculation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
thatmeasureshowwellacalibrationhasbeendefined,standard
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
error (SE) is used in this practice as an indicator of accuracy.
It is CRM-dependent and instrument-operator dependent.
2. Referenced Documents
Some expected maximum SE values are listed, but compari-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
sons between instrument calibrations can strictly be done only
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
when identical suites of calibrants are used.
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E305 Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic 4. Summary of Practice
Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
4.1 After the spectrometer is calibrated, use this practice to
evaluate the instrument and its calibration. Certified reference
materials are run as unknowns and precision is compared to
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Table 1. Before comparing standard errors to those in Table 2,
Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys.
ascertain that the calibration does not include unrealistic
Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
inflections. Values equal to or less than those in Tables 1 and 2
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E1009 – 95 (2000).
DOI: 10.1520/E1009-95R06. indicate that the instrument is acceptable.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1009 − 95 (2006)
A
TABLE 1 Recommended Precision Requirements For Steel TABLE 1(a) Revised Data
A
Using An Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometer
Approximate Standard
Element
Approximate Standard Concentration, % Deviation
Element
Concentration, % Deviation C 0.015 0.0009
C 1.03 0.012
C 0.06 ±0.002
MN 0.067 0.0006
0.15 0.004
Mn 2.00 0.023
0.50 0.010
P 0.0032 0.0007
0.90 0.015
S 0.0024 0.0001
Mn 0.35 0.007
Si 0.01 0.0002
0.60 0.015
Ni 0.021 0.0004
1.00 0.02
Ni 2.00 0.005
1.50 0.03
CR 1.48 0.009
P 0.006 0.0007
Mo 0.005 0.0004
0.04 0.0015
Mo 0.50 0.002
S 0.005 0.0015
Cu 0.015 0.0003
0.04 0.002
Cu 0.30 0.0007
0.06 0.004
Ti 0.0055 0.0004
Si 0.02 0.004
Al 0.004 0.0004
0.30 0.006
Al 0.04 0.0007
0.50 0.010
Nb 0.01 0.0005
Ni 0.03 0.002
Nb 0.1 0.002
0.10 0.003
B 0.001 0.0001
0.70 0.007
B 0.005 0.0001
1.60 0.03
Zr 0.013 0.0007
Cr 0.04 0.002
Pb 0.002 0.0004
0.30 0.007
As 0.01 0.0003
0.80 0.015
As 0.055 0.002
Sn 0.003 0.0006
A
0.02 0.0015
These precisions were generated from data that were collected on newer
0.05 0.002
instruments than the original data.
V 0.01 0.0015
TABLE 2 Elements, Concentration Ranges, and Recommended
0.03 0.002
Acceptable Standard Error (SE) for Steel
0.25 0.007
Approximate Concentration
Mo 0.03 0.003
Max Allowable Standard
Element Range, %, as Covered by the
0.30 0.008 A
Error, %
Certified Standards
Cu 0.02 0.0007
0.15 0.003
C 0.02 to 1.00 0.009
Ti 0.02 0.002
Mn 0.01 to 1.50 0.012
0.20 0.008
P 0.001 to 0.07 0.002
Al 0.006 0.002
S 0.003 to 0.06 0.002
0.02 0.003
Si 0.005 to 1.00 0.012
0.07 0.004
Ni 0.01 to 2.00 0.014
Nb 0.02 0.0015
Cr 0.01 to 1.00 0.012
0.07 0.003
Sn 0.002 to 0.10 0.002
B 0.001 0.00015
V 0.002 to 0.50 0.005
0.07 0.003
Mo 0.003 to 0.50 0.005
Zr 0.05 0.002
Cu 0.005 to 0.50 0.007
Pb 0.01 0.0015
Ti 0.003 to 0.25 0.005
Se 0.02 0.002
Al 0.005 to 0.25 0.005
B
A Nb 0.002 to 0.30
These precisions were generated from actual data in one laboratory; as such,
B 0.0001 to 0.04 0.001
they represent what has been done with proven, homogeneous materials.
B
Zr 0.01 to 1.00
B
Pb 0.001 to 0.03
B
Se 0.001 to 0.05
A
These values will depend on the standards used and the distribution of their
compositions throughout the range of calibration.
B
Accuracy will not be assessed for these elements due to lack of CRM’s.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Periodically throughout the useful life of an optical
emission spectrometer it becomes necessary to evaluate its
performance. This is especially true at manufacture and during
installation. The objective at this time is to establish whether
the instrument meets design specifications and performs to
customer specifications. A manufacturer’s objective may be to
compare production line instruments. With data on many
instruments, such an evaluation procedure would be a valuable
contribution to the manufacturer’s quality control plan.
5.2 Use of this procedure at installation can tell the manu-
facturer or user whether there has been a significant change in
performance due to faulty shipping or handling of the instru-
ment. At this time, the procedure could be the beginning of a
E1009 − 95 (2006)
quality control plan for the user. Once established, the data 8.2 Provide argon that meets the requirements for vacuum
from the procedure provide a base for comparison of future spectrometers and is in accordance with Practice E406.In
runs, enabling operators to detect changes in performance. some cases argon purity of 1 ppm is required.
5.3 Data produced by this practice make possible a com- 8.3 Provide the required electrical power regulated to65%
parisonofdifferentinstruments,forexample,X-rayandoptical and filtered to prevent radio frequency interference. See
emission or optical emission and atomic absorption. While the Practice E528.
data in the Tables 1-3 are valid for optical emission
8.4 Provide a radio-frequency ground in accordance with
spectrometers, other instruments may produce better or worse
Practice E528. Modern excitation sources may not require
performance values. In this manner, the data could be used by
special grounding.
management to determine the suitability of a given instrument
to perform a given determination with an acceptable precision
9. Purpose of Analytical Performance Tests
and accuracy.
9.1 Pre-Shipment Precision:
5.4 While this practice is directed towards optical emission
9.1.1 Perform the tests in 10.1 to verify performance before
vacuum spectrometers in the analysis of carbon and low-alloy
...
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