ASTM D1666-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Panel Materials
Standard Test Methods for Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Panel Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Machining tests are made to determine the working qualities and characteristics of different species of wood and of different wood-based panel materials under a variety of machine operations such as are encountered in commercial manufacturing practice. The tests provide a systematic basis for comparing the behavior of different products with respect to woodworking machine operations and of evaluating their potential suitability for certain uses where these properties are of prime importance.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for planing, routing/shaping, turning, mortising, boring, and sanding, all of which are common wood-working operations used in the manufacture of wood products. These tests apply, in different degrees, to two general classes of materials:
1.1.1 Wood in the form of lumber, and
1.1.2 Wood-base panel materials such as plywood and wood-base fiber and particle panels.
1.2 Because of the importance of planing, some of the variables that affect the results of this operation are explored with a view to determining optimum conditions. In most of the other tests, however, it is necessary to limit the work to one set of fairly typical commercial conditions in which all the different woods are treated alike.
1.3 Several factors enter into any complete appraisal of the machining properties of a given wood or wood-base panel. Quality of finished surface is recommended as the basis for evaluation of machining properties. Rate of dulling of cutting tools and power consumed in cutting are also important considerations but are beyond the scope of these test methods.
1.4 Although the methods presented include the results of progressive developments in the evaluation of machining properties, further improvements may be anticipated. For example, by present procedures, quality of the finished surface is evaluated by visual inspection, but as new mechanical or physical techniques become available that will afford improved precision of evaluation, they should be employed.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D1666 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Panel
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1666; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
One of the significant characteristics of wood and wood-base panels is the facility with which they
can be machined and fabricated. Different species and products, however, vary greatly in their
behavior under cutting tools, so that some systematic method is needed for determining their
suitability for uses where the character of the machined surface is of prime importance. Such uses
include cabinetwork, millwork, and other applications where favorable machining properties are
essential to good finish. For such products as common boards, on the other hand, good machining
properties are secondary, although still an asset.
The machining test procedures presented in these test methods cover such common operations as
planing, routing/shaping, turning, boring, mortising, and sanding. They are the result of many years
of extensive research and development and include practical methods for qualitatively evaluating and
interpreting the results. Because of their satisfactory use with a wide range of materials, it is believed
thatthemethodsareequallyapplicabletospecies,hardwoodsandsoftwoods,andtowood-basepanel
materials, such as plywood, particleboard, fiberboard, and hardboard.
1. Scope tools and power consumed in cutting are also important
considerations but are beyond the scope of these test methods.
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for planing,
routing/shaping, turning, mortising, boring, and sanding, all of 1.4 Although the methods presented include the results of
which are common wood-working operations used in the progressive developments in the evaluation of machining
manufacture of wood products. These tests apply, in different properties, further improvements may be anticipated. For
degrees, to two general classes of materials: example, by present procedures, quality of the finished surface
1.1.1 Wood in the form of lumber, and is evaluated by visual inspection, but as new mechanical or
1.1.2 Wood-base panel materials such as plywood and physicaltechniquesbecomeavailablethatwillaffordimproved
wood-base fiber and particle panels. precision of evaluation, they should be employed.
1.2 Because of the importance of planing, some of the 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
variables that affect the results of this operation are explored as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units
withaviewtodeterminingoptimumconditions.Inmostofthe may be approximate.
othertests,however,itisnecessarytolimittheworktooneset
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of fairly typical commercial conditions in which all the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
different woods are treated alike.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.3 Several factors enter into any complete appraisal of the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
machining properties of a given wood or wood-base panel.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Quality of finished surface is recommended as the basis for
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
evaluation of machining properties. Rate of dulling of cutting
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Test Methods and Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
2. Referenced Documents
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1666–11. DOI:
10.1520/D1666-17. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1666 − 17
D9Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod- 3.2.6 computer numeric controller (CNC) machine—acom-
ucts puter automated machine center often used to machine wood
D1038Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
and wood-based panel materials that are typically integrated
D1554Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Par-
withdra
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1666 − 11 D1666 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Panel
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1666; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
One of the significant characteristics of wood and wood-base panels is the facility with which they
can be machined and fabricated. Different species and products, however, vary greatly in their
behavior under cutting tools, so that some systematic method is needed for determining their
suitability for uses where the character of the machined surface is of prime importance. Such uses
include cabinetwork, millwork, and other applications where favorable machining properties are
essential to good finish. For such products as common boards, on the other hand, good machining
properties are secondary, although still an asset.
The machining test procedures presented in these test methods cover such common operations as
planing, routing/shaping, turning, boring, mortising, and sanding. They are the result of many years
of extensive research and development and include practical methods for qualitatively evaluating and
interpreting the results. Because of their satisfactory use with a wide range of materials, it is believed
that the methods are equally applicable to species, hardwoods and softwoods, and to wood-base panel
materials, such as plywood, particleboard, fiberboard, and hardboard.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for planing, routing/shaping, turning, mortising, boring, and sanding, all of which are
common wood-working operations used in the manufacture of wood products. These tests apply, in different degrees, to two
general classes of materials:
1.1.1 Wood in the form of lumber, and
1.1.2 Wood-base panel materials such as plywood and wood-base fiber and particle panels.
1.2 Because of the importance of planing, some of the variables that affect the results of this operation are explored with a view
to determining optimum conditions. In most of the other tests, however, it is necessary to limit the work to one set of fairly typical
commercial conditions in which all the different woods are treated alike.
1.3 Several factors enter into any complete appraisal of the machining properties of a given wood or wood-base panel. Quality
of finished surface is recommended as the basis for evaluation of machining properties. Rate of dulling of cutting tools and power
consumed in cutting are also important considerations but are beyond the scope of these test methods.
1.4 Although the methods presented include the results of progressive developments in the evaluation of machining properties,
further improvements may be anticipated. For example, by present procedures, quality of the finished surface is evaluated by visual
inspection, but as new mechanical or physical techniques become available that will afford improved precision of evaluation, they
should be employed.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may
be approximate.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental Test Methods
and Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011March 1, 2017. Published June 2011June 2017. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20042011 as
D1666 – 87D1666 – 11. (2004). DOI: 10.1520/D1666-11.10.1520/D1666-17.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1666 − 17
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committ
...
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