ASTM D4761-19

Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based Structural Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide procedures that are applicable under true field conditions, such as in a plant with specimens not at moisture equilibrium.  
4.2 The data established by these test methods can be used as follows:  
4.2.1 Develop strength and stiffness properties for the population represented by the material being tested (that is, individual grades, grade combinations, species, species groups, or any other defined, identifiable sample).  
4.2.2 Confirm the validity of strength and stiffness properties for the population represented by the material being tested.  
4.2.3 Investigate the effect of parameters that have the potential to influence the strength and stiffness properties of the material, such as moisture content, temperature, knot size and location, or slope of grain.  
4.3 The procedures chosen in accordance with these test methods shall be fully documented in the report to facilitate correlation with test results obtained through the use of traditional procedures, such as those set forth in Test Methods D198.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the mechanical properties of stress-graded lumber and other wood-based structural materials.  
1.2 These test methods appear in the following order:    
Section  
Bending edge-wise  
6  
Bending flat-wise:  
Center-point loading  
7  
Third-point loading  
8  
Axial strength in tension  
9  
Axial strength in compression  
10  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2019
• ICS: 79.040 - Wood, sawlogs and sawn timber
• ICS: 79.060.01 - Wood-based panels in general
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.01 - Fundamental Test Methods and Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4761-18 - Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based Structural Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM E4-14 - Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2014
• Refers: ASTM D4442-15 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM D4442-16 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM D4442-20 - Standard Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2020
• Referred By: ASTM D5664-17 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effects of Fire-Retardant Treatments and Elevated Temperatures on Strength Properties of Fire-Retardant Treated Lumber
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D8391-22e1 - Standard Specification for Demonstrating Equivalent Fire Performance for Wood-Based Floor Framing Members to Unprotected 2 by 10 Dimension Lumber or Equal-Sized Structural Composite Lumber
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D6874-22a - Standard Test Methods for Nondestructive Evaluation of the Stiffness of Wood and Wood-Based Materials Using Transverse Vibration or Stress Wave Propagation
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D143-22 - Standard Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7199-20 - Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Reinforced Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam) Beams Using Mechanics-Based Models
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7672-19 - Standard Specification for Evaluating Structural Capacities of Rim Board Products and Assemblies
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D5055-19e1 - Standard Specification for Establishing and Monitoring Structural Capacities of Prefabricated Wood I-Joists
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D3043-17 - Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Flexure
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D5456-21e1 - Standard Specification for Evaluation of Structural Composite Lumber Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D198-22a - Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D6815-22a - Standard Specification for Evaluation of Duration of Load and Creep Effects of Wood and Wood-Based Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D1990-19 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Visually-Graded Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Tests of Full-Size Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D5457-23 - Standard Specification for Computing Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7032-21 - Standard Specification for Establishing Performance Ratings for Wood-Plastic Composite and Plastic Lumber Deck Boards, Stair Treads, Guards, and Handrails
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7341-21 - Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Flexural Properties of Structural Glued Laminated Timber by Full-Scale Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D3737-18e1 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7469-22 - Standard Test Methods for End Joints in Structural Wood Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7031-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D6570-18a(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Assigning Allowable Properties for Mechanically Graded Lumber
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4761 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based
1
Structural Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4761; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Numerous evaluations of the mechanical properties of wood-based structural materials have been
satisfactorilyconductedsincethelate1920s,usingTestMethodsD198.Thosemethodsarebestsuited
to a laboratory environment and are adaptable to a variety of products such as stress-graded lumber,
sawn timber, laminated timbers, wood-plywood composite members, reinforced and pre-stressed
timbers.
The procedures presented in these test methods have been derived from those set forth in Test
Methods D198. They are intended primarily for application to stress-graded lumber, but can be used
for other wood-based structural materials as well.The procedures are more flexible than those inTest
Methods D198, making testing in a non-laboratory environment more feasible.Thus the test methods
can be used on production sites for field testing and quality control, as well as in laboratories for
research applications. Key differences from Test Methods D198 are the testing speed, the deflection-
measuringproceduresforspecimensunderload,andthedetailofdatareporting.Furthermore,thetest
methods do not require that specimens be loaded to failure.
Since these test methods allow latitude in testing procedures, the procedures used shall be fully
documented in the test report. It may also be desirable to correlate the results from tests carried out
according to these test methods with test results obtained using a traditional procedure, such as that
set forth in Test Methods D198.
1. Scope 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
mechanicalpropertiesofstress-gradedlumberandotherwood-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
based structural materials.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 These test methods appear in the following order:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Section
Bending edge-wise 6
2. Referenced Documents
Bending flat-wise:
2
Center-point loading 7
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Third-point loading 8
D9Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
Axial strength in tension 9
Axial strength in compression 10
ucts
D198Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Sizes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D2915Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Struc-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tural Wood and Wood-Based Products
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D4442Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental
2
Test Methods and Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D4761–18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4761-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4761 − 19
D7438Practice for Field Calibration and Application of 6. BENDING EDGE-WISE—THIRD-POINT LOADING
Hand-Held Moisture Meters
6.1 Scope
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
6.1.1 This test method provides procedures for the determi-
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
nationofthestrengthandmodulusofelasticityofstress-graded
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
lumber and other wood-based structural materials in bending
ASTM Test Methods
3 edge-wise,wherethememberdepthistypicallygreaterthanor
2.2 Other Document:
equal to the member breadth.
NISTVoluntaryPro
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4761 − 18 D4761 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based
1
Structural Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4761; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Numerous evaluations of the mechanical properties of wood-based structural materials have been
satisfactorily conducted since the late 1920s, using Test Methods D198. Those methods are best suited
to a laboratory environment and are adaptable to a variety of products such as stress-graded lumber,
sawn timber, laminated timbers, wood-plywood composite members, reinforced and pre-stressed
timbers.
The procedures presented in these test methods have been derived from those set forth in Test
Methods D198. They are intended primarily for application to stress-graded lumber, but can be used
for other wood-based structural materials as well. The procedures are more flexible than those in Test
Methods D198, making testing in a non-laboratory environment more feasible. Thus the test methods
can be used on production sites for field testing and quality control, as well as in laboratories for
research applications. Key differences from Test Methods D198 are the testing speed, the deflection-
measuring procedures for specimens under load, and the detail of data reporting. Furthermore, the test
methods do not require that specimens be loaded to failure.
Since these test methods allow latitude in testing procedures, the procedures used shall be fully
documented in the test report. It may also be desirable to correlate the results from tests carried out
according to these test methods with test results obtained using a traditional procedure, such as that
set forth in Test Methods D198.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the mechanical properties of stress-graded lumber and other wood-based
structural materials.
1.2 These test methods appear in the following order:
Section
Bending edge-wise 6
Bending flat-wise:
Center-point loading 7
Third-point loading 8
Axial strength in tension 9
Axial strength in compression 10
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental Test Methods
and Properties.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018April 1, 2019. Published March 2019May 2019. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20132018 as
D4761 – 13.D4761 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D4761-18.10.1520/D4761-19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4761 − 19
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products
D198 Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes
D2915 Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based Products
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D7438 Practice for Field Calibration and Application of Hand-Held Moisture Meters
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
3
2.2 Other Document:
NIST Voluntary Product Standard PS20 American Softwood Lumber Standard
NOTE 1—The current version of PS20 is given as an example of a product standard applicable to stress-graded lumber. Other product standards may
apply to stress-graded lumber. For wood-based structural materials other than stress-graded lumber, relevant product standards may apply.
...