ASTM D7478/D7478M-11(2017)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Heavy Duty Sheathed Wood Crates
Standard Specification for Heavy Duty Sheathed Wood Crates
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for two types and two classes of sheathed crates each of which may have two base styles. The crates are designed for net loads not exceeding 30 000 pounds lb [13 607 kg] and to withstand the most severe overseas shipping and storage conditions.
1.2 The crates described by this specification are intended to protect items from atmospheric elements during shipment and storage. They are designed to withstand the rough handling of logistic operations including stacking and outside storage for a prolonged period.
1.3 Class 1 and 2 crates may be used interchangeably as desired. However, the Class 2 crate should be used when weight is a prime consideration, as the lack of diagonals and thinner plywood sheathing results in a lighter crate.
1.4 Demountable crates, Type II, should be used whenever it is expected that the contained item will require reshipping to another destination.
1.5 Sill bases, Style B, are intended for items that project below their mounting points, such as disassembled vehicles.
1.6 If the use of other construction method or techniques is acceptable and permitted (see 5.10), the resulting packaging systems shall be of equal or better performance than would result from the use of these specified materials and procedures. The appropriate distribution cycle, specified in Practice D4169 can be used to develop comparative procedures and criteria.
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. See IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for conversion of units.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7478/D7478M −11(Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
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Heavy Duty Sheathed Wood Crates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7478/D7478M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversrequirementsfortwotypesand
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
two classes of sheathed crates each of which may have two
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
basestyles.Thecratesaredesignedfornetloadsnotexceeding
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
30000poundslb[13607kg]andtowithstandthemostsevere
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
overseas shipping and storage conditions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 Thecratesdescribedbythisspecificationareintendedto
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
protect items from atmospheric elements during shipment and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
storage. They are designed to withstand the rough handling of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
logistic operations including stacking and outside storage for a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
prolonged period.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 Class 1 and 2 crates may be used interchangeably as
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
desired. However, the Class 2 crate should be used when
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
weight is a prime consideration, as the lack of diagonals and
ments
thinner plywood sheathing results in a lighter crate.
D3953Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals
1.4 Demountable crates, Type II, should be used whenever
D4169Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
it is expected that the contained item will require reshipping to
tainers and Systems
another destination.
D4442Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
1.5 Sill bases, Style B, are intended for items that project
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
below their mounting points, such as disassembled vehicles.
D4675Guide for Selection and Use of Flat Strapping Ma-
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terials
1.6 If the use of other construction method or techniques is
D6199PracticeforQualityofWoodMembersofContainers
acceptable and permitted (see 5.10), the resulting packaging
and Pallets
systems shall be of equal or better performance than would
D6253Practice for Treatment and/or Marking of Wood
resultfromtheuseofthesespecifiedmaterialsandprocedures.
Packaging Materials
The appropriate distribution cycle, specified in Practice D4169
F1667SpecificationforDrivenFasteners:Nails,Spikes,and
can be used to develop comparative procedures and criteria.
Staples
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
IEEE/ASTMSI10StandardforUseofInternationalSystem
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Standards:
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
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PS 1Voluntary Product Standard, Structural Plywood
with the standard. See IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for conversion of 4
PS 20American Softwood Lumber Standard
units.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.12 on Shipping the ASTM website.
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Containers, Crates, Pallets, Skids and Related Structures. Available fromAPA, The Engineered WoodAssociation, 7011 South 19th St.,
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originally Tacoma, WA 98466–5399, http://www.apawood.org.
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approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7478/D7478M–11. Available from American Lumber Standards Committee, Inc., (ALSC), P.O.
DOI: 10.1520/D7478_D7478M-11R17. Box 210, Germantown, MD 20875–0210, http://www.alsc.org.
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