Standard Practice for Sampling a Stream of Product by Variables Indexed by AQL

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice was prepared to meet a growing need for the use of standard sampling plans for inspection by variables in customer procurement, supply and storage, and maintenance inspection operations. The variables sampling plans apply to a single quality characteristic which can be measured on a continuous scale, and for which quality is expressed in terms of percent defective. The theory underlying the development of the variables sampling plans, including the operating characteristic curves, assumes that measurements of the quality characteristic are independent, identically distributed normal random variables.  
5.2 In comparison with attributes sampling plans, variables sampling plans have the advantage of usually resulting in considerable savings in sample size for comparable assurance as to the correctness of decisions in judging a single quality characteristic, or for the same sample size, greater assurance is obtained using variables plans. Attributes sampling plans have the advantage of greater simplicity, of being applicable to either single or multiple quality characteristics, and of requiring no knowledge about the distribution of the continuous measurements of any of the quality characteristics.  
5.3 It is important to note that variables sampling plans are not to be used indiscriminately, simply because it is possible to obtain variables measurement data. In considering applications where the normality or independence assumptions may be questioned, the user is advised to consult his technical agency to determine the feasibility of application.  
5.4 Application—Sampling plans designated in this publication are applicable, but not limited, to inspection of the following: (1) end items, (2) components and raw materials, (3) operations or services, (4) materials in process, (5) supplies in storage, (6) maintenance operations, (7) data or records, and (8) administrative procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This practice establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by variables using MIL-STD-414 as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by AQL.  
1.2 This practice provides the sampling plans of MIL-STD-414 in ASTM format for use by ASTM committees and others. It recognizes the continuing usage of MIL-STD-414 in industries supported by ASTM. Most of the original text in MIL-STD-414 is preserved in Sections 6 – 9 of this practice.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

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Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2014
Current Stage
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ASTM E2762-10(2014) - Standard Practice for Sampling a Stream of Product by Variables Indexed by AQL
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2762 − 10 (Reapproved 2014) An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Sampling a Stream of Product by Variables Indexed by
1
AQL
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2762; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 Other Standards:
MIL-STD-414 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-
1.1 Purpose—This practice establishes lot or batch sam-
tion by Variables for Percent Defective
pling plans and procedures for inspection by variables using
MIL-STD-105E Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
MIL-STD-414 as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots
spection by Attributes
indexed by AQL.
1.2 This practice provides the sampling plans of MIL-STD-
3. Terminology
414 inASTM format for use byASTM committees and others.
3.1 Definitions:
It recognizes the continuing usage of MIL-STD-414 in indus-
3.1.1 For a more extensive list of terms in E11 standards,
tries supported by ASTM. Most of the original text in MIL-
see Terminology E456.
STD-414 is preserved in Sections6–9 of this practice.
3.1.2 acceptance quality limit (AQL), n—qualitylimitthatis
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the worst tolerable process average when a continuing series of
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
lots is submitted for acceptance sampling. E2234
standard.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—This definition supersedes that given in
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
MIL-STD-105E and MIL-STD-414.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 classification of defects, n—the enumeration of pos-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sible defects of the unit of product classified according to their
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
seriousness, that is, critical, major, or minor defect. E2234
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.4 critical defect, n—a defect that judgment and experi-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ence indicate would result in hazardous or unsafe conditions
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
for individuals using, maintaining, or depending upon the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
product, or a defect that judgment and experience indicate is
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
likely to prevent performance of the function of a major end
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
item. E2234
3.1.5 defect, n—any nonconformance of the unit of product
2. Referenced Documents
with specified requirements. E2234
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 inspection, n—the process of measuring, examining,
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
testing, or otherwise comparing the unit of product with the
E2234 Practice for Sampling a Stream of Product by Attri-
requirements. E2234
butes Indexed by AQL
E2586 Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics
3.1.7 inspection by variables, n—inspection wherein the
unit of product is measured on a continuous scale with respect
to a given requirement or set of requirements.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E11 on Quality and
3.1.8 inspection lot, n—a collection of units of product
Statistics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E11.30 on Statistical
produced under conditions that are considered uniform and
Quality Control.
from which a sample is drawn and inspected. E2234
Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published May 2014. Originally
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2762 – 10. DOI
101520/E2762-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2762 − 10 (2014)
3.1.9 major defect, n—a defect, other than critical, that is A1.3) have been computed for the sampling plans based on the
likely to result in failure, or to reduce materially the usability estimate of lot standard deviation of unknown variability.They
of the unit of product for
...

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