ASTM D6296-98(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Total Olefins in Spark-ignition Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Total Olefins in Spark-ignition Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The quantitative determination of olefins in spark-ignition engine fuels is required to comply with government regulations.
5.2 Knowledge of the total olefin content provides a means to monitor the efficiency of catalytic cracking processes.
5.3 This test method provides better precision for olefin content than Test Method D1319. It also provides data in a much shorter time, approximately 20 min following calibration, and maximizes automation to reduce operator labor.
5.4 This test method is not applicable to M85 or E85 fuels, which contain 85 % methanol and ethanol, respectively.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative determination of total olefins in the C4 to C10 range in spark-ignition engine fuels or related hydrocarbon streams, such as naphthas and cracked naphthas. Olefin concentrations in the range from 0.2 liquid-volume % or mass % to 5.0 liquid-volume % or mass %, or both, can be determined directly on the as-received sample whereas olefins in samples containing higher concentrations are determined after appropriate sample dilution prior to analysis.
1.2 This test method is applicable to samples containing alcohols and ethers; however, samples containing greater than 15 % alcohol must be diluted. Samples containing greater than 5.0 % ether must also be diluted to the 5.0 % or less level, prior to analysis. When ethyl-tert-butylether is present, only olefins in the C4 to C9 range can be determined.
1.3 This test method can not be used to determine individual olefin components.
1.4 This test method can not be used to determine olefins having higher carbon numbers than C10.
Note 1: Precision was determined only on samples containing MTBE and ethanol.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Designation:D6296 −98 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Total Olefins in Spark-ignition Engine Fuels by
1
Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6296; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative determi-
nation of total olefins in the C to C range in spark-ignition
4 10
2. Referenced Documents
engine fuels or related hydrocarbon streams, such as naphthas
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and cracked naphthas. Olefin concentrations in the range from
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
0.2 liquid-volume % or mass % to 5.0 liquid-volume % or
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
mass %, or both, can be determined directly on the as-received
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
sample whereas olefins in samples containing higher concen-
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
trations are determined after appropriate sample dilution prior
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
to analysis.
Analytical Standards
1.2 This test method is applicable to samples containing
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
alcohols and ethers; however, samples containing greater than
TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
1 4
15 % alcohol must be diluted. Samples containing greater than
hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
5.0 %ethermustalsobedilutedtothe5.0 %orlesslevel,prior
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in
to analysis. When ethyl-tert-butylether is present, only olefins
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective
in the C to C range can be determined.
4 9
Flame Ionization Detection
1.3 Thistestmethodcannotbeusedtodetermineindividual
3. Terminology
olefin components.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This test method can not be used to determine olefins
3.1.1 trap, n—a device utilized to selectively retain specific
having higher carbon numbers than C .
10
portions (individual or groups of hydrocarbons or oxygenates)
NOTE 1—Precision was determined only on samples containing MTBE
of the test sample and to release the retained components by
and ethanol.
increasing the trap temperature.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 Acronyms:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2.1 ETBE—ethyl-tert-butylether.
standard.
3.2.2 MTBE—methyl-tert–butylether.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 A reproducible 0.2 µL volume of a representative
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
sample, or a dilution thereof, is introduced into a computer
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3
controlled gas chromatographic system consisting of a series
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
of columns, traps, and switching valves operating at various
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on the ASTM website.
3
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of The sole source of supply of apparatus known to the committee at this time, the
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods. AC FTO Analyzer, is AC Analytical Controls, Inc., 3494 Progress Dr., Bensalem,
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally PA19020. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6296 – 98(2013). to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
DOI: 10.1520/D6296-98R17. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6296−98 (2017)
FIG.
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6296 − 98 (Reapproved 2013) D6296 − 98 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Total Olefins in Spark-ignition Engine Fuels by
1
Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6296; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative determination of total olefins in the C to C range in spark-ignition engine
4 10
fuels or related hydrocarbon streams, such as naphthas and cracked naphthas. Olefin concentrations in the range from 0.2 to 5.0
liquid-volume 0.2 liquid-volume % or mass % to 5.0 liquid-volume % or mass %, or both, can be determined directly on the
as-received sample whereas olefins in samples containing higher concentrations are determined after appropriate sample dilution
prior to analysis.
1.2 This test method is applicable to samples containing alcohols and ethers; however, samples containing greater than 15 %
alcohol must be diluted. Samples containing greater than 5.0 % ether must also be diluted to the 5.0 % or less level, prior to
analysis. When ethyl-tert-butylether is present, only olefins in the C to C range can be determined.
4 9
1.3 This test method can not be used to determine individual olefin components.
1.4 This test method can not be used to determine olefins having higher carbon numbers than C .
10
NOTE 1—Precision was determined only on samples containing MTBE and ethanol.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alcohols in
1 4
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame
Ionization Detection
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 trap, n—a device utilized to selectively retain specific portions (individual or groups of hydrocarbons or oxygenates) of
the test sample and to release the retained components by increasing the trap temperature.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2013November 2017. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20082013
as D6296 – 98(2008).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D6296-98R13.10.1520/D6296-98R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6296 − 98 (2017)
3.2 Acronyms:
3.2.1 ETBE—ethyl-tert-butylether.
3.2.2 MTBE—methyl-tert–butylether.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A reproducible 0.2-μL 0.2 μL volume of a representative sample, or a dilution thereof, is introduced into a computer
3
controlled gas chromatographic system consisting of a series of columns, traps, and switching valves ope
...
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