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ASTM E252-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Thickness of Thin Foil, Sheet, and Film by Mass Measurement

Standard Test Method for Thickness of Thin Foil, Sheet, and Film by Mass Measurement

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of metallic foil and sheet 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) and less in thickness by measuring the mass of a specimen of known area and density. The test method is applicable to other sheet, foil, and film as indicated in Annex A3.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information and only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2005
ICS
17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
Technical Committee
B07 - Light Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B07.05 - Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E252-04 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Thin Foil and Film by Mass Measuerment
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Replaced By
ASTM E252-06 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Foil, Thin Sheet, and Film by Mass Measurement
Effective Date
01-May-2006
Referred By
ASTM D374/D374M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D8136-17 - Standard Test Method for Determining Plastic Film Thickness and Thickness Variability Using a Non-Contact Capacitance Thickness Gauge
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM E345-16 - Standard Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Foil
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM B373-19 - Standard Specification for Aluminum Foil for Capacitors
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM B479-19 - Standard Specification for Annealed Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Foil for Flexible Barrier, Food Contact, and Other Applications
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005

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ASTM E252-05 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Thin Foil, Sheet, and Film by Mass MeasurementASTM E252-05 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Thin Foil, Sheet, and Film by Mass Measurement
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ASTM E252-05 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Thin Foil, Sheet, and Film by Mass Measurement
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 252 – 05
Standard Test Method for
Thickness of Thin Foil, Sheet, and Film by Mass
1
Measurement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 252; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* selection of other specimen sizes and the resulting change in
accuracy of the test method.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thick-
3.2 Balance—capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 mg of
ness of metallic foil and sheet 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) and less in
2 2
thickness for the 8.000-in. (51.613-cm ) circle.
thickness by measuring the mass of a specimen of known area
and density. The test method is applicable to other sheet, foil,
4. Procedure
and film as indicated in Annex A3.
2 2
4.1 Blank an 8.000 6 0.008-in. (51.613 6 0.051-cm )
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
circle representative of the foil or sheet, swab with acetone or
asthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathemati-
other suitable solvent to ensure a surface free of soil, and
cal conversions to SI units, which are provided for information
determine the mass of the clean, dry specimen to the nearest
and only and are not considered standard.
0.1 mg. Use a suitable solvent to remove any coating known to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2 2
exceed 0.005 mg/ft (4.645 mg/cm ) of surface area.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Calculation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Determine the thickness from the relationship:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
T 5 W/AD
2. Referenced Documents
where:
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the
T = thickness of the foil, sheet, or film, in. (or cm),
date of material purchase, unless otherwise noted, form a part
W = mass of the circle, g,
of this specification to the extent referenced herein:
2 2
A = area of the circle, in. (or cm ), and
2
2.2 ASTM Standards: 3 3
D = density of the foil, sheet, or film, g/in. (or Mg/m ).
D 1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
5.2 Densities of Aluminum Alloys:
Gradient Technique
5.2.1 Calculate the density of aluminum foil or sheet from
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
chemical composition limits of the alloy by the method
Determine Conformance with Specifications
described in Annex A2. The densities of foil or sheet alloys
determined in this manner are accurate to within 6 0.3 %.
3. Apparatus
5.2.2 Table 1 lists densities computed for some of the
3.1 Precision Blanking Press—to cut foil or sheet circles
common foil or sheet alloys. A column headed “Mils/g for
2 2
that are 8.000 6 0.008 in. (51.613 6 0.051 cm ) in area or
2
8.000-in. Area” is added for convenience in determining
3.1915 60.0015in.(81.06 60.04mm)indiameter.Othersize 2 2
thickness of the 8.000-in. (51.613-cm ) specimens. The mass
specimens may be used with the recognition that the accuracy
of the specimen in grams multiplied by this factor is equal to
stated in 6.1 is no longer applicable. See Annex A1 for the
the thickness of the foil or sheet in mils.
6. Precision and Bias
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
6.1 Following the procedure outlined in this test method,
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 on
repeatedmassmeasurementsofthesamespecimenondifferent
Testing.
balances should result in agreement within 1 mg. It is outside
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E 252 – 04.
of the scope of this test method to describe maintenance and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
calibration procedures for balances, but disagreement larger
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
than 1 mg warrants attention to maintenance or recalibration of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. the balance.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E252–05
TABLE 1 Densities of Aluminum Foil or Sheet Alloys Applicable
to the Determination of Thickness by the Mass Measurement
M
...

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This test method covers the standard procedures for the determination of the thickness of metallic foils, thin sheets, and films by measuring the mass of the specimen of known area and density. The apparatuses needed for this method are a precision blanking press for cutting specimens into circles of a specified area or diameter, and a balance for measuring its mass. The thickness shall then be calculated by using an equation that relates it with the specimen's mass, area, and density.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of metallic foil and sheet 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) and less in thickness by measuring the mass of a specimen of known area and density. The test method is applicable to other sheet, foil, and film as indicated in Annex A3.  
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3.1 This terminology standard contains definitions of appearance terms applicable to the work of many ASTM technical committees. Its use by committees other than Committee E12 on Color and Appearance, and its citation in the standards of such committees, is encouraged.  
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3.5 In the 1990 edition of this terminology standard, a great many terms were relocated to conform to the recommendation of the Form and Style for ASTM Standards, (Blue Book) that listings be in spoken word order. In general, there are no cross-references between the old and new listings, except where a special function is served. An example of such a special function is to list all terms relating to a given basic quantity, for example, all terms defining various ...
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard defines terms used in the description of appearance, including but not limited to color, gloss, opacity, scattering, texture, and visibility of both materials (ordinary, fluorescent, retroreflective) and light sources (including visual display units).  
1.2 It is the policy of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance that this terminology standard include important terms and definitions explicit to the scope, whether or not the terms are currently used in an ASTM standard. Terms that are in common use and appear in common-language dictionaries (see Refs (1–2)2) are generally not included, except when the dictionaries show multiple definitions and it seems desirable to indicate the definitions recommended for E12 standards.  
1.3 The usage of terms describing appearance varies considerably. In some cases, different usage of a term in different fields has been noted.  
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Standard Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals

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4.1 This practice describes three operational steps necessary to ensure accurate coating thickness measurement: calibration, verification and adjustment of coating thickness measuring gages, as well as proper methods for obtaining coating thickness measurements on both ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates.  
4.2 Many specifications for commercial and industrial coatings projects stipulate a minimum and a maximum dry film thickness for each layer in a coating system. Additionally, most manufacturers of high performance coatings will warranty coating systems based upon, in part, achieving the proper thickness of each layer and the total coating system. Even if a project specification is not provided, the coating manufacturer’s recommendations published on product data sheets can become the governing document(s). Equipment manufacturers produce nondestructive coating thickness testing gages that are used to measure the cumulative or individual thickness of the coating layers, after they are dry. The manufacturers provide information for the adjustment and use of these gages, normally in the form of operating instructions. The user of this equipment must be knowledgeable in the proper operation of these devices, including methods for verifying the accuracy of the equipment prior to, during and after use as well as measurement procedures.
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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The Miller Number5 is an index of the relative abrasivity of slurries. Its primary purpose is to rank the abrasivity of slurries in terms of the wear of a standard reference material. The wear damage on the standard wear block is worse as the Miller Number gets higher.  
5.2 The SAR Number is an index of the relative abrasion response of materials as tested in any particular slurry of interest. The SAR Number is a generalized form of the Miller Number applicable to materials other than the reference material used for the Miller Number determination. A major purpose is to rank construction materials for use in a system for pumping and fluid handling equipment for a particular slurry. It can also be used to rank the abrasivity of various slurries against any selected construction material other than the reference material specified for a Miller Number determination. The slurry damage on the specimen of material being tested is worse as the SAR Number gets higher.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a single laboratory procedure that can be used to develop data from which either the relative abrasivity of any slurry (Miller Number) or the response of different materials to the abrasivity of different slurries (SAR Number), can be determined.  
1.2 The test data obtained by this procedure is used to calculate either a number related to the rate of mass loss of duplicate standard-shaped 27 % chromium iron wear blocks when run for a period of time in the slurry of interest (Miller Number), or to calculate a number related to the rate of mass loss (converted to volume loss) of duplicate standard-shaped wear specimens of any material of interest when run for a period of time in any slurry of interest (SAR Number).  
1.3 The requirement for a finished flat wearing surface on the test specimen for a SAR Number test may preclude application of the procedure where thin (0.051 mm to 0.127 mm), hard, wear-resistant coatings will not allow for surface finishing. The 6 h total duration of the SAR Number Test may not allow establishment of a consistent rate-of-mass-loss of the unfinished surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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