ASTM C1521-19
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints
Standard Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Many parameters contribute to the overall performance of a sealant application. Some of the most significant parameters are sealant bead size and configuration, joint movement, quality of workmanship, the quality of the adhesive bond, and the quality of the sealant material.
4.2 A sealant usually fails to perform as a weatherseal when it experiences cohesive or adhesive failure.
4.3 If a sealant bead fails, an evaluation of the total joint movement may be needed to determine if the joint sealant was strained beyond its intended design, or if the sealant failed within the design parameters.
4.4 If a sealant bead fails adhesively, there is no straightforward procedure for determining the cause. The adhesive failure may be due to workmanship, the specific surface preparation used, the specific sealant used, poor “installed” joint design, poor bond chemistry and other causes.
4.5 Because of the complex nature of the performance of a sealant bead, an understanding of the quality of the adhesive bond is instrumental in any evaluation of sealant performance. It is critical that the evaluation procedures used truly evaluate the quality of the adhesive bond and do not simply take advantage of the tear resistance of the sealant.
4.6 This method does not evaluate the performance of a sealant bead as a weatherseal. It only evaluates the characteristics of the adhesive bond relative to the cohesive strength of the sealant in a particular installation. Since any failures that result from use of these procedures are intentionally induced, they do not necessarily mean that the sealant bead will not perform as a weatherseal.
4.7 The results of these methods are most useful in identifying sealant beads with poor adhesion. The continuous inspection procedure is also useful in the identification of places of poor joint configuration. Obvious cohesive failures are also identified. The results of these methods can be used to assess the likely performance of the seal...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes destructive and non-destructive procedures.
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the sealant or cohesive failure of the substrate where deficient substrate conditions exist. The objective is to characterize the adhesive/cohesive performance of the sealant on the specific substrate by applying a strain that correlates to the strain that the sealant bead may experience when subjected to its maximum published movement capability, when known; or a reasonable strain when the movement capability is unknown. It is possible that the strain applied to the sealant bead may result in no failure of the sealant or the substrate, failure of a deficient substrate before effecting a failure in the sealant, or a failure of the sealant.
Note 1: The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the sealant bead. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.
Note 2: Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when properly installed, and evaluated by this method. The sealant manufacturer should be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this method.
1.3 The non-destructive procedure places strain on the sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond. Though termed non-destructive, this procedure may result in an adhesive failure of a deficient sealant bead, but should not cause a cohesive failure in the sealant. The results of this procedure should be either adhesive failure or no failure.
Note 3: The non-destructive procedure may require immediate repair of the sealant bead, if sealant failure is experienced. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.
1.4 The non-destructive procedure can be used for continuous inspection of 100 % of the sealant bead(s), or for any areas where deficient conditions, which are inconsistent with the pr...
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Designation:C1521 −19
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant
1
Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 The committee with jurisdiction over this practice is not
aware of any comparable practices published by other organi-
1.1 This practice describes destructive and non-destructive
zations or committees.
procedures.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
sealant or cohesive failure of the substrate where deficient
and are not considered standard.
substrate conditions exist. The objective is to characterize the
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
adhesive/cohesive performance of the sealant on the specific
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
substrate by applying a strain that correlates to the strain that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the sealant bead may experience when subjected to its maxi-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mum published movement capability, when known; or a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
reasonablestrainwhenthemovementcapabilityisunknown.It
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
is possible that the strain applied to the sealant bead may result
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
innofailureofthesealantorthesubstrate,failureofadeficient
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
substrate before effecting a failure in the sealant, or a failure of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the sealant.
NOTE 1—The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
sealant bead.Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
this purpose.
NOTE 2—Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when
2. Referenced Documents
properlyinstalled,andevaluatedbythismethod.Thesealantmanufacturer
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
should be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this
method.
C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
C794 TestMethodforAdhesion-in-PeelofElastomericJoint
1.3 The non-destructive procedure places strain on the
Sealants
sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond. Though termed
C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
non-destructive, this procedure may result in an adhesive
failure of a deficient sealant bead, but should not cause a
3. Terminology
cohesive failure in the sealant. The results of this procedure
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this rec-
should be either adhesive failure or no failure.
ommended procedure, see Terminology C717.
NOTE 3—The non-destructive procedure may require immediate repair
of the sealant bead, if sealant failure is experienced.Appropriate materials
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and equipment should be available for this purpose.
3.2.1 flap, n—the term “flap” as used in this specification
1.4 The non-destructive procedure can be used for continu-
refers to a portion of an installed sealant bead that has been
ous inspection of 100 % of the sealant bead(s), or for any areas
purposelycutalongonesubstratebondlineandacrossthebead
where deficient conditions, which are inconsistent with the
at two locations resulting in a portion of bead adhered along
practices of Guide C1193, are suspected.
one substrate bond line.
3.2.2 tail, n—the term “tail” as used in this specification
refers to a portion of an installed sealant bead that has been
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building
Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 on
2
Adhesion. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1521 –13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1521-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1521 − 13 C1521 − 19
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant
1
Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes destructive and nondestructivenon-destructive procedures.
1.2 The destructive procedure stresses the sealant in such a way as to cause either cohesive or adhesive failure of the sealant
or cohesive failure of the substrate where deficient substrate conditions exist. The objective is to characterize the adhesive/cohesive
performance of the sealant on the specific substrate by applying whatevera strain is necessary to effect failure of the sealant bead.
that correlates to the strain that the sealant bead may experience when subjected to its maximum published movement capability,
when known; or a reasonable strain when the movement capability is unknown. It is possible that the strain applied to the sealant
bead may result in the no failure of the sealant or the substrate, failure of a deficient substrate before effecting a failure in the
sealant, or a failure of the sealant.
NOTE 1—The destructive procedure requires immediate repair of the sealant bead. Appropriate materials and equipment should be available for this
purpose.
NOTE 2—Sealant formulations may fail in cohesion or adhesion when properly installed, and testedevaluated by this method. The sealant manufacturer
should be consulted to determine the appropriate guidelines for using this method.
1.3 The nondestructivenon-destructive procedure places strain on the sealant and a stress on the adhesive bond. Though termed
nondestructive,non-destructive, this procedure may result in an adhesive failure of a deficient sealant bead, but should not cause
a cohesive failure in the sealant. The results of this procedure should be either adhesive failure or no failure.
NOTE 3—The nondestructivenon-destructive procedure may require immediate repair of the sealant bead, if sealant failure is experienced. Appropriate
materials and equipment should be available for this purpose.
1.4 The non-destructive procedure can be used for continuous inspection of 100 % of the joint(s) sealant bead(s), or for any
areas where deficient conditions, which are inconsistent with the practices of Guide C1193, are suspected.
1.5 The committee with jurisdiction over this practice is not aware of any comparable practices published by other organizations
or committees.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
C794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants
C1193 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 on Adhesion.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Aug. 1, 2019. Published May 2013August 2019. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 as
ε1
C1521 – 09C1521 . –13. DOI: 10.1520/C1521-13.10.1520/C1521-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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