ASTM D4577-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Compression Resistance of a Container Under Constant Load
Standard Test Method for Compression Resistance of a Container Under Constant Load
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the resistance of a shipping container to a vertically applied constant load for either a specified time or to failure. The test method may also, include, for example, a package of a shipping container, palletized or unitized loads.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4577–05
Standard Test Method for
Compression Resistance of a Container Under Constant
1
Load
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4577; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the resistance
of a Lot or Process
of a shipping container to a vertically applied constant load for
either a specified time or to failure. The test method may also
3. Terminology
be used for palletized or unitized load configurations.
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for the packaging and
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
distribution environments are found in Terminology D996.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
3.2.1 load—the force applied to a body, lbf or N.
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
3.2.2 constant load—a load that is invariable or unchang-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ing.
For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.
3.2.3 static load—an imposed stationary force, constant in
2. Referenced Documents magnitude, direction, and sense.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
D642 Test Method for Determining Compressive Resis-
4.1 In the distribution system for many products there is a
tance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit
phasewhereinthepackagedproductmaybestoredforaperiod
Loads
of time in a manner such that one or more containers are
D644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
3
superimposed one upon the other. The bottom package is thus
Paperboard by Oven Drying
continually stressed with a constant load.
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
3 4.2 This test method subjects a container, empty or filled, to
for Testing
a predetermined static load, and to specified atmospheric
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
conditions, if required.
ments
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
5. Apparatus
Packaging Components for Testing
5.1 The testing apparatus shall be capable of imposing a
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
constant load on the test specimen and may be hydraulically,
ment of Wood and Wood-Base Materials
pneumatically, or mechanically activated. A test apparatus
employing dead weights to impose the constant load may be
used, as in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Compression machines may also
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
be used, as in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and shall contain two platens,
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods. or suitable framework and fixturing, one stationary and one
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
movable in the vertical direction. The movable platen may be
´1
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4577 – 00 (2003)
swiveled (floating) or fixed and should have proper mechani-
. DOI: 10.1520/D4577-05.
2
cal, pneumatic, or hydraulic linkages to permit top-to-bottom
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
loading. If the floor where the test is to be conducted is subject
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
to severe vibration, it may be necessary to vibration-isolate the
the ASTM website.
3 test apparatus. The test device should have a timer for
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org. measuringtheperiodoftimerequiredtocausecontainerfailure
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4577–05
FIG. 1 Containers Under Constant Load of Dead Weights Imposed by Other Containers
and means such as a dial indicator to measure box deformation which the containers are made. When testing unit loads, it is
(inches or millimetres) while under load, or an autographic
recommended that an empty pallet be placed on top of the unit
recording device that records load and deformation over a load test specimen to achieve conditions similar to actual use.
period of time.
5.2 Closing
...
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