ASTM D3147-94(1999)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Testing Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants
Standard Test Method for Testing Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for use in engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred to X1.2.21 in Specification D4485 for additional information.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 10.1.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3147– 94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for Testing
Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the 4.1 Aheated test solution is circulated through a pressurized
preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for cubical metal reservoir which contains a slit and holes to
use in engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred simulate leaks in an engine cooling system. The effectiveness
to X1.2.21 in Specification D 4485 for additional information.) of the stop-leak material is measured by its ability to seal the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the leaks under the prescribed conditions of flow rate, temperature,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information pressure, and time.
only. 4.2 The presence of particles in the test material that are
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the larger than 0.84 mm (0.033 in.) or the presence of gumming or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the gelling in stop-leak additives is determined by screening a test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- solution through a 850-µm (U.S. No. 20) standard sieve. The
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- screening is done both before and after the circulating test.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning Particles that remain on the sieve may be too large to pass
statements are given in 10.1. through some passages of the cooling system.
2. Referenced Documents 5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.1 The screening procedures simulate the conditions of
D 1176 Test Method for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous temperature, pressure, and circulation encountered in service.
Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing This test method will indicate whether a product is suitable for
Purposes further evaluation in vehicles.
D 4985 Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol
6. Apparatus (See Fig. 1)
Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring
6.1 Reservoir:
an Initial Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive
(SCA) 6.1.1 The reservoir shall be constructed of stainless steel,
aluminum, or brass, 260 by 175 by 260-mm (10 by 7 by 10 in.)
3. Terminology
high, and the total capacity of the assembled unit shall be
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: between 12 to 13 L (3.2 to 3.4 gal). The reservoir shall have a
3.1.1 leaking—frequent drops forming (more than 5 drops/ 20-mm ( ⁄4-in.) flange at the top to which a cover plate is fitted.
min). 6.1.2 The reservoir and cover shall have a minimum thick-
3.1.2 sealed—completely plugged with no leaking or seep- ness of 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) in order to withstand a pressure of
ing. 140 kPa (20 psi).
3.1.3 seeping—occasional drops forming (fewer than 5 6.1.3 A drain shall be located either on one side or the
drops/min). bottom of the reservoir to facilitate drainage of the test
solution. The reservoir outlet to the circulating pump (suction
side) shall be located near the bottom of Side C. The reservoir
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
inlet from the circulating pump (discharge side) shall be
Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.09 on Simulated
located near the top of Side D.A13-mm ( ⁄2-in.) elbow shall be
Service Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1994. Published February 1995. Originally welded to the reservoir inlet opening (inner surface of Side D)
published as D 3147 – 72. Last previous edition D 3147 – 89.
so that the liquid flow is directed towards Side A.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D3147
A,B,C,D—Sides of reservoir R—Regulated air, 103 kPa (15 psi)
G—Pressure gage, 0-210 kPa, (0-30 psi) vent valve T—Thermocouple foil, temperature controller, and well
H—Brass test section, holes V—Fill opening (ball valve)
S—Brass test section, slit W—Pressure relief valve, 137 kPa (20 psi)
FIG. 1 Leak Test Apparatus
6.1.4 The cover plate of the reservoir shall be attached with 6.2 Circulation Pump, capable of circulating a minimum
bolts and sealed with neoprene gasket material. Openings of 30 L (8 gal) of water per minute against zero head pressure,
accommodate a pressure gage (0 to 10 kPa (0 to 30 psi) shall be used.The packing seal of the pump shall be capable of
withstanding 140 kPa (20 psi) and 104°C (220°F). Inlet and
minimum)/vent valve assembly.
1 1 outlet connections shall be not less than ⁄2 in. (12 mm)
6.1.5 Openings, 64 by 64 mm (2 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2in.), centered on
standard water pipe.
Side A and Side B accommodate test plates (as described in
6.3 Heating Element, shall be of the immersion cartridge
Section 7).An inlet for regulated air at 103 6 14 kPa (15 6 2
type and shall have a power rating of approximately 1500 W.
psi) and a thermocouple probe are shown in Side C.
It shall be installed above the suction pipe of the circulation
6.1.6 A liquid collection pan or pans shall be placed under
pump and shall be capable of heating the filled system to 88°C
the reservoir in a position that will allow collection of coolant
(190°F) within 30 min. A temperature controller shall be used
that has leaked from test openings during operation of the
apparatus. A transparent safety shield shall enclose the reser-
voir fully.This shield will be arranged to deflect any spray into
An Eastern Industries Model P34C, manufactured by Eastern Industries
the collection pans.The safety shield must be in place any time
Division Laboratory for Electronics Inc., 1525 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE
the reservoir is hot or pressurized, or both. 19803, and a Grainger’s catalogue pump No. IP787 have been used successfully.
D3147
with the thermocouple to control power to the heating element long by 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025 and 0.030 in.) (Note
and coolant temperature. An electrical pressure switch should 1)], six plates with three holes each of the same size [0.127,
also be used to interrupt power to the heater in the event that 0.254, 0.381, 0.508, 0.635 and 0.762 mm (0.005, 0.010, 0.015,
excess pressure is generated. 0.020, 0.025 and 0.030 in.) in diameter], and one plate with
6.4 The reservoir should be equipped with a suitable pres- nine holes [three holes 0.254-mm (0.010-in.) diameter, three
sure relief valve to prevent an over-pressure in the event of a holes 0.508-mm (0.020-in.) diameter, and three holes
problem with the regulated air source. 0.762-mm(0.030-in.)diameter],boredonadiagonalacrossthe
6.5 Ameans of interrupting power to the heater in the event plate so that drainage from one hole will not flow across
of excessive fluid loss or overheating is necessary. another hole.
6.6 U.S.A. Standard Testing Sieve, per Specification E
NOTE 1—Alternatively, a single plate may be used with provision for
11–95, 850 µm in an 8 in. (203 mm) or 10 in. (254 mm) FH
varying the slit size with a shim arrangement.
frame.
8. Test Solutions
7. Test Plates (See Fig. 2)
8.1 Stop Leak MaterialAdded to Water—Addtheamountof
7.1 The test plates shall be constructed of solid brass plates, stop leak material recommended by the manufacturer to
102 by 102 by 0.20 to 0.25 mm (4 by 4 by 0.008 to 0.010 in.), distilled water. Mix the solution well before testing.
withboltholesforattachmenttothereservoir.Neoprenegasket 8.2 Stop Leak Material Added to Engine Coolant
material shall be used to seal the plates. A complete set shall Concentrate—Prepare a 33 ⁄3 % (Note 2) solution (by volume)
consist of fifteen plates: two plates without test holes or slits, of engine coolant using distilled water as the diluent. Add the
six plates with one slit each [12.7 mm long by 0.127, 0.254, amount of stop leak material recommended by the manufac-
0.381, 0.508, 0.635 and 0.762 mm wide, respectively (0.5 in. turer. Mix the solution well before testing.
TABLE 2
A—3 holes of appropriate diameter
B—One 12.7-mm ( ⁄8-in.) slit of appropriate width
C—9 holes—3 each 0.254, 0.508, and 0.762 mm (0.010, 0.020, and 0.030 in.) in diameter (bored on a diagonal) so that drainage from one
hole will not flow across another hole
D—Solid
FIG. 2 Brass Test Panels
D3147
NOTE 2—Alternatively, a 50 % (by volume) solution or other dilutions full. This will allow for thermal expansion of the test solution.
may be used upon mutual consent of the parties involved.
10.3.2.3 Startthecirculationpump,andturntheheatingunit
9. Sampling on.
10.3.2.4 When the temperature reaches 88 6 3°C (190 6
9.1 The engine coolant shall be sampled in accordance with
5°F), pressu
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.